See earthen on Wiktionary
{
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "erthen"
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"expansion": "Middle English erthen",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eorþen"
},
"expansion": "Old English eorþen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*irþīnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *irþīnaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "aarden",
"t": "earthen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch aarden (“earthen”)",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "irden",
"t": "earthen"
},
"expansion": "German irden (“earthen”)",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "earth",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, earth + -en",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English erthen, urthen, from Old English eorþen, yrþen, ierþen (“made of earth”), from Proto-Germanic *irþīnaz. Cognate with Dutch aarden (“earthen”), German irden (“earthen”). By surface analysis, earth + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more earthen",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most earthen",
"tags": [
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]
}
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"expansion": "earthen (comparative more earthen, superlative most earthen)",
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{
"text": "1826, James Fenimore Cooper, The Last of the Mohicans\nA hundred earthen dwellings stood on the margin of the lake […]"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI, page 4:",
"text": "But transects have also been utilised in a large variety of arenas, including surveying the contents of Amerindian earthen mounds[.]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Made of earth or mud."
],
"id": "en-earthen-en-adj-t0Rzuc46",
"links": [
[
"earth",
"earth"
],
[
"mud",
"mud"
]
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "turābiyy",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "تُرَابِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hoġeġen",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "հողեղեն"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prǎsten",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "пръстен"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "aarden"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "tera"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "de",
"english": "“irden” in this sense is archaic",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "irdisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "airþeins",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khoïkós",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "χοϊκός"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "terreus"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zemljanój",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "земляно́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "pridd"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "o bridd"
},
{
"_dis1": "68 26 6",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "priddin"
}
]
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"text": "1589, Richard Hakluyt, The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques, and Discoveries of The English Nation\n... the Godfathers and Godmothers follow into the midst of the Church, where there is a small table ready set, and on it an earthen pot ful of warme water, […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Made of clay (especially said of pottery)."
],
"id": "en-earthen-en-adj-zif2AAzE",
"links": [
[
"clay",
"clay"
],
[
"pottery",
"pottery"
]
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "faḵariyy",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "فَخَرِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵazafiyy",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "خَزَفِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭīniyy",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "طِينِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glinen",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "глинен"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "hliněný"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "kleien"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "savi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "de arxila"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "irden"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "airþeins",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "cré"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "criaga"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "fictilis"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 52 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glínjanyj",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "гли́няный"
}
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1903, Maria Lydia Winkler, From Glory to Glory; Or, The Christian's Glorious Ministry, page 228:",
"text": "Will they be yours when one by one these earthen / Delights and comforts and all beauties wane? / Will they be found laid up above, illumined?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Earthly."
],
"id": "en-earthen-en-adj-UrdH6dlR",
"links": [
[
"Earthly",
"earthly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Earthly."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɝθən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɜː(ɹ)θən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɜː(ɹ)ðən/",
"tags": [
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)θən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)ðən"
}
],
"word": "earthen"
}
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"name": "af"
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],
"etymology_text": "From earth + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "earthens",
"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
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},
{
"form": "earthening",
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "earthened",
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"past"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
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{
"ref": "2017, N.R. Das, Tillage and Crop Production, 2nd Ed., page 104:",
"text": "Their inter-tillage operations, earthening-up of some crops and tillage in orchard/gardens or plantation crops, are stated below, under special cropping system in different situations.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to provide or add soil to"
],
"id": "en-earthen-en-verb-Ti3KUF8f",
"links": [
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"provide"
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[
"add",
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[
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"(transitive) to provide or add soil to"
],
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"ref": "1919, The Improvement Era, volume 23, page 191:",
"text": "It deadens,—or earthens—the spirit in both directions.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make earthly or earthlike"
],
"id": "en-earthen-en-verb-eYCYq7WP",
"links": [
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],
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)θən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)ðən"
}
],
"word": "earthen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -en",
"English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)ðən",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)ðən/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)θən",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)θən/2 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "erthen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English erthen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eorþen"
},
"expansion": "Old English eorþen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*irþīnaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *irþīnaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "aarden",
"t": "earthen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch aarden (“earthen”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "irden",
"t": "earthen"
},
"expansion": "German irden (“earthen”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "earth",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, earth + -en",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English erthen, urthen, from Old English eorþen, yrþen, ierþen (“made of earth”), from Proto-Germanic *irþīnaz. Cognate with Dutch aarden (“earthen”), German irden (“earthen”). By surface analysis, earth + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more earthen",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most earthen",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "earthen (comparative more earthen, superlative most earthen)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1826, James Fenimore Cooper, The Last of the Mohicans\nA hundred earthen dwellings stood on the margin of the lake […]"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI, page 4:",
"text": "But transects have also been utilised in a large variety of arenas, including surveying the contents of Amerindian earthen mounds[.]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Made of earth or mud."
],
"links": [
[
"earth",
"earth"
],
[
"mud",
"mud"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1589, Richard Hakluyt, The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques, and Discoveries of The English Nation\n... the Godfathers and Godmothers follow into the midst of the Church, where there is a small table ready set, and on it an earthen pot ful of warme water, […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Made of clay (especially said of pottery)."
],
"links": [
[
"clay",
"clay"
],
[
"pottery",
"pottery"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1903, Maria Lydia Winkler, From Glory to Glory; Or, The Christian's Glorious Ministry, page 228:",
"text": "Will they be yours when one by one these earthen / Delights and comforts and all beauties wane? / Will they be found laid up above, illumined?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Earthly."
],
"links": [
[
"Earthly",
"earthly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Earthly."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɝθən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɜː(ɹ)θən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɜː(ɹ)ðən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-earthen.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-earthen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-earthen.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)θən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)ðən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "turābiyy",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "تُرَابِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hoġeġen",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "հողեղեն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prǎsten",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "пръстен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "aarden"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "tera"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "“irden” in this sense is archaic",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "irdisch"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "airþeins",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khoïkós",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "χοϊκός"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "terreus"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zemljanój",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "земляно́й"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "pridd"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"word": "o bridd"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "made of earth or mud",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "priddin"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "faḵariyy",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "فَخَرِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵazafiyy",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "خَزَفِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭīniyy",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "طِينِيّ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "glinen",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "глинен"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "hliněný"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "kleien"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "savi-"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "de arxila"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "irden"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "airþeins",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "cré"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "criaga"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "fictilis"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glínjanyj",
"sense": "made of clay",
"word": "гли́няный"
}
],
"word": "earthen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)ðən",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)ðən/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)θən",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)θən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "earth",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "inchoative"
},
"expansion": "earth + -en",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earth + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "earthens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "earthening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "earthened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "earthened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "earthen (third-person singular simple present earthens, present participle earthening, simple past and past participle earthened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, N.R. Das, Tillage and Crop Production, 2nd Ed., page 104:",
"text": "Their inter-tillage operations, earthening-up of some crops and tillage in orchard/gardens or plantation crops, are stated below, under special cropping system in different situations.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to provide or add soil to"
],
"links": [
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"add",
"add"
],
[
"soil",
"soil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to provide or add soil to"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1919, The Improvement Era, volume 23, page 191:",
"text": "It deadens,—or earthens—the spirit in both directions.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make earthly or earthlike"
],
"links": [
[
"earthly",
"earthly"
],
[
"earthlike",
"earthlike"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to make earthly or earthlike"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɝθən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɜː(ɹ)θən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɜː(ɹ)ðən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-earthen.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-earthen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-earthen.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-earthen.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-earthen.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)θən"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)ðən"
}
],
"word": "earthen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for earthen meaning in All languages combined (9.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.