See draugiz on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for draugiz meaning in All languages combined (9.5kB)
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "drauhnōną" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*draugī" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *draugī\nOld English: drȳġe, drīġe (or < *drūgī)\nMiddle English: drye, drie, dri, drige, dryge, drüȝe\nEnglish: dry\nScots: dry, drey\nOld Saxon: *drōgi\nMiddle Low German: drôge\nLow German: dröög, dröge\n→ German: dröge\nOld Dutch: *drougi, *drōgi\nMiddle Dutch: drôghe\nDutch: droog\nAfrikaans: droog\nBerbice Creole Dutch: droko\nNegerhollands: droog, drok\nSkepi Creole Dutch: dróg\n→ West Frisian: droech", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *draugī\nOld English: drȳġe, drīġe (or < *drūgī)\nMiddle English: drye, drie, dri, drige, dryge, drüȝe\nEnglish: dry\nScots: dry, drey\nOld Saxon: *drōgi\nMiddle Low German: drôge\nLow German: dröög, dröge\n→ German: dröge\nOld Dutch: *drougi, *drōgi\nMiddle Dutch: drôghe\nDutch: droog\nAfrikaans: droog\nBerbice Creole Dutch: droko\nNegerhollands: droog, drok\nSkepi Creole Dutch: dróg\n→ West Frisian: droech" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "draugr", "der": "1", "id": "wood" }, "expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: draugr\nIcelandic: draugur", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "⇒ Old Norse: draugr\nIcelandic: draugur" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰrewgʰ-", "t": "to strengthen; become hard or solid" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard or solid”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "ine-pro", "2": "*dʰer-", "t": "to hold, hold fast, support" }, "expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold, hold fast, support”)", "name": "m" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard or solid”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, hold fast, support”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-decl-adj", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "i-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "draugiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijôz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugį", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-jatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugį", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-jatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugīs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugīs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizōi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijaniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōmaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōmiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "gem-decl-adj" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/draugiz", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "drūgiz" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "druhnaz" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "druknaz" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "hard, solid" ], "id": "en-draugiz-gem-pro-adj-G0tAbmfn", "links": [ [ "hard", "hard" ], [ "solid", "solid" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "West Proto-Germanic", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "21 79", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "dry" ], "id": "en-draugiz-gem-pro-adj-t1XLJIw8", "links": [ [ "dry", "dry" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(West Germanic) dry" ], "tags": [ "Germanic", "West", "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈdrɑu̯.ɣiz/" } ], "word": "draugiz" }
{ "categories": [ "Proto-Germanic adjectives", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic i-stem adjectives", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation" ], "derived": [ { "word": "drauhnōną" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*draugī" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *draugī\nOld English: drȳġe, drīġe (or < *drūgī)\nMiddle English: drye, drie, dri, drige, dryge, drüȝe\nEnglish: dry\nScots: dry, drey\nOld Saxon: *drōgi\nMiddle Low German: drôge\nLow German: dröög, dröge\n→ German: dröge\nOld Dutch: *drougi, *drōgi\nMiddle Dutch: drôghe\nDutch: droog\nAfrikaans: droog\nBerbice Creole Dutch: droko\nNegerhollands: droog, drok\nSkepi Creole Dutch: dróg\n→ West Frisian: droech", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *draugī\nOld English: drȳġe, drīġe (or < *drūgī)\nMiddle English: drye, drie, dri, drige, dryge, drüȝe\nEnglish: dry\nScots: dry, drey\nOld Saxon: *drōgi\nMiddle Low German: drôge\nLow German: dröög, dröge\n→ German: dröge\nOld Dutch: *drougi, *drōgi\nMiddle Dutch: drôghe\nDutch: droog\nAfrikaans: droog\nBerbice Creole Dutch: droko\nNegerhollands: droog, drok\nSkepi Creole Dutch: dróg\n→ West Frisian: droech" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "draugr", "der": "1", "id": "wood" }, "expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: draugr\nIcelandic: draugur", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "⇒ Old Norse: draugr\nIcelandic: draugur" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰrewgʰ-", "t": "to strengthen; become hard or solid" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard or solid”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "ine-pro", "2": "*dʰer-", "t": "to hold, hold fast, support" }, "expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold, hold fast, support”)", "name": "m" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard or solid”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, hold fast, support”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-decl-adj", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "i-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "draugiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijôz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugį", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-jatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugį", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-jatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugīs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugīs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizōi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijaniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōmaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōmiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "gem-decl-adj" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/draugiz", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "word": "drūgiz" }, { "word": "druhnaz" }, { "word": "druknaz" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "hard, solid" ], "links": [ [ "hard", "hard" ], [ "solid", "solid" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ "West Proto-Germanic" ], "glosses": [ "dry" ], "links": [ [ "dry", "dry" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(West Germanic) dry" ], "tags": [ "Germanic", "West", "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈdrɑu̯.ɣiz/" } ], "word": "draugiz" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.