See draugiz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "drauhnōną" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*draugī" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *draugī\nOld English: drȳġe, drīġe (or < *drūgī)\nMiddle English: drye, drie, dri, drige, dryge, drüȝe\nEnglish: dry\nScots: dry, drey\nOld Saxon: *drōgi\nMiddle Low German: drôge\nLow German: dröög\n→ German: dröge\nOld Dutch: *drougi, *drōgi\nMiddle Dutch: drôghe\nDutch: droog\nAfrikaans: droog\nBerbice Creole Dutch: droko\nNegerhollands: droog, drok\nSkepi Creole Dutch: dróg\n→ West Frisian: droech", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *draugī\nOld English: drȳġe, drīġe (or < *drūgī)\nMiddle English: drye, drie, dri, drige, dryge, drüȝe\nEnglish: dry\nScots: dry, drey\nOld Saxon: *drōgi\nMiddle Low German: drôge\nLow German: dröög\n→ German: dröge\nOld Dutch: *drougi, *drōgi\nMiddle Dutch: drôghe\nDutch: droog\nAfrikaans: droog\nBerbice Creole Dutch: droko\nNegerhollands: droog, drok\nSkepi Creole Dutch: dróg\n→ West Frisian: droech" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "draugr", "der": "1", "id": "wood" }, "expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: draugr\nIcelandic: draugur", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "⇒ Old Norse: draugr\nIcelandic: draugur" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰrewgʰ-", "t": "to strengthen; become hard or solid" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard or solid”)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard or solid”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, hold fast, support”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-decl-adj", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "i-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "draugiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijôz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugį", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-jatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugį", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-jatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugīs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugīs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizōi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijaniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōmaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōmiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "gem-decl-adj" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/draugiz", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "drūgiz" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "druhnaz" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "druknaz" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "hard, solid" ], "id": "en-draugiz-gem-pro-adj-G0tAbmfn", "links": [ [ "hard", "hard" ], [ "solid", "solid" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "West Proto-Germanic", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "40 60", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "8 92", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 82", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "dry" ], "id": "en-draugiz-gem-pro-adj-t1XLJIw8", "links": [ [ "dry", "dry" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(West Germanic) dry" ], "tags": [ "Germanic", "West", "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈdrɑu̯.ɣiz/" } ], "word": "draugiz" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Germanic adjectives", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic i-stem adjectives", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European" ], "derived": [ { "word": "drauhnōną" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*draugī" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *draugī\nOld English: drȳġe, drīġe (or < *drūgī)\nMiddle English: drye, drie, dri, drige, dryge, drüȝe\nEnglish: dry\nScots: dry, drey\nOld Saxon: *drōgi\nMiddle Low German: drôge\nLow German: dröög\n→ German: dröge\nOld Dutch: *drougi, *drōgi\nMiddle Dutch: drôghe\nDutch: droog\nAfrikaans: droog\nBerbice Creole Dutch: droko\nNegerhollands: droog, drok\nSkepi Creole Dutch: dróg\n→ West Frisian: droech", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *draugī\nOld English: drȳġe, drīġe (or < *drūgī)\nMiddle English: drye, drie, dri, drige, dryge, drüȝe\nEnglish: dry\nScots: dry, drey\nOld Saxon: *drōgi\nMiddle Low German: drôge\nLow German: dröög\n→ German: dröge\nOld Dutch: *drougi, *drōgi\nMiddle Dutch: drôghe\nDutch: droog\nAfrikaans: droog\nBerbice Creole Dutch: droko\nNegerhollands: droog, drok\nSkepi Creole Dutch: dróg\n→ West Frisian: droech" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "draugr", "der": "1", "id": "wood" }, "expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: draugr\nIcelandic: draugur", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "⇒ Old Norse: draugr\nIcelandic: draugur" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*dʰrewgʰ-", "t": "to strengthen; become hard or solid" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard or solid”)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard or solid”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, hold fast, support”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-decl-adj", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "i-stem", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "draugiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijôz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugį", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-jatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugį", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-jatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugīs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugīs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizōi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaizō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijaniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōmaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijōmiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "draugijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "gem-decl-adj" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/draugiz", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "word": "drūgiz" }, { "word": "druhnaz" }, { "word": "druknaz" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "hard, solid" ], "links": [ [ "hard", "hard" ], [ "solid", "solid" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ "West Proto-Germanic" ], "glosses": [ "dry" ], "links": [ [ "dry", "dry" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(West Germanic) dry" ], "tags": [ "Germanic", "West", "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈdrɑu̯.ɣiz/" } ], "word": "draugiz" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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