See disfigure on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "disfiguren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English disfiguren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "desfigurer"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman desfigurer",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English disfiguren, from Anglo-Norman desfigurer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "disfigures",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "disfiguring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "disfigured",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "disfigured",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "disfigure (third-person singular simple present disfigures, present participle disfiguring, simple past and past participle disfigured)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
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"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Eastern Mari translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "disfiguration"
},
{
"word": "disfigurative"
},
{
"word": "disfigurement"
},
{
"word": "disfigurer"
},
{
"word": "disfiguringly"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His face was disfigured by a terrible fire many years ago, leaving deep scars across his crooked nose.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1959 November, G. H. Robin, “Railways to Helensburgh—a pre-electrification retrospect”, in Trains Illustrated, page 544:",
"text": "The North British Railway was always anxious to connect its line to Helensburgh Pier but the local residents would not permit their foreshore or promenade to be disfigured, so the company had to resort further east and on May 18, 1882, opened the railway pier and station at Craigendoran.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to irreversibly damage the shape or structure of something, negatively affecting its appearance or functionality without completely destroying it."
],
"id": "en-disfigure-en-verb-0EzUN6tj",
"links": [
[
"irreversibly",
"irreversibly"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"functionality",
"functionality"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "leper"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "načudacyc",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "начудациц"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "očudacyc",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "очудациц"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "skaljičyc še",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "скалїчиц ше"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "čudacyc",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "чудациц"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "desfigurar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "變醜"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biànchǒu",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "变丑"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "vansire"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "skamfere"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "misprýða"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "skemma"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "avskepla"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "løsta"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "meiðsla"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "lýta"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "spilla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "turmella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "runnella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "défigurer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "entstellen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "verunstalten"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "frawardjan",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "muglia"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "ainimhigh"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "máchailigh"
},
{
"alt": "みにくくする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "minikuku suru",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "醜くする"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "dēturpō"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "izobliči",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "изобличи"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "kargaš",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "каргаш"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bozmak",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "بوزمق"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "oszpecać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oszpecić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zniekształcać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zniekształcić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "desfigurar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uródovatʹ",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "уро́довать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izuródovatʹ",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изуро́довать"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "izobličiti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "unakaziti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "desfigurar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "vanställa"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "despigurahin"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "papangitin"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "hagru"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪsˈfɪɡə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-disfigure.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-disfigure.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-disfigure.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/dɪsˈfɪɡjɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "disfigure"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "disfiguration"
},
{
"word": "disfigurative"
},
{
"word": "disfigurement"
},
{
"word": "disfigurer"
},
{
"word": "disfiguringly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "disfiguren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English disfiguren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "desfigurer"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman desfigurer",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English disfiguren, from Anglo-Norman desfigurer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "disfigures",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "disfiguring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "disfigured",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "disfigured",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "disfigure (third-person singular simple present disfigures, present participle disfiguring, simple past and past participle disfigured)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Carpathian Rusyn translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Eastern Mari translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His face was disfigured by a terrible fire many years ago, leaving deep scars across his crooked nose.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1959 November, G. H. Robin, “Railways to Helensburgh—a pre-electrification retrospect”, in Trains Illustrated, page 544:",
"text": "The North British Railway was always anxious to connect its line to Helensburgh Pier but the local residents would not permit their foreshore or promenade to be disfigured, so the company had to resort further east and on May 18, 1882, opened the railway pier and station at Craigendoran.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to irreversibly damage the shape or structure of something, negatively affecting its appearance or functionality without completely destroying it."
],
"links": [
[
"irreversibly",
"irreversibly"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"shape",
"shape"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"functionality",
"functionality"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪsˈfɪɡə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-disfigure.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-disfigure.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-disfigure.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-disfigure.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-disfigure.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/dɪsˈfɪɡjɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "leper"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "načudacyc",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "начудациц"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "očudacyc",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "очудациц"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "skaljičyc še",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "скалїчиц ше"
},
{
"code": "rue",
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"roman": "čudacyc",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "чудациц"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "desfigurar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "變醜"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biànchǒu",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "变丑"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "vansire"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "skamfere"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "misprýða"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "skemma"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "avskepla"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "løsta"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "meiðsla"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "lýta"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "spilla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "turmella"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "runnella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "défigurer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "entstellen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "verunstalten"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "frawardjan",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "muglia"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "ainimhigh"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "máchailigh"
},
{
"alt": "みにくくする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "minikuku suru",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "醜くする"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "dēturpō"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "izobliči",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "изобличи"
},
{
"code": "mhr",
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"roman": "kargaš",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "каргаш"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "bozmak",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "بوزمق"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "oszpecać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oszpecić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zniekształcać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zniekształcić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "desfigurar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uródovatʹ",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "уро́довать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izuródovatʹ",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изуро́довать"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "izobličiti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "unakaziti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "desfigurar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "vanställa"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "despigurahin"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "papangitin"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to damage something's appearance or functionality",
"word": "hagru"
}
],
"word": "disfigure"
}
Download raw JSONL data for disfigure meaning in All languages combined (9.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.