See debauch on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "desbaucher",
"4": "",
"5": "entice from work or duty"
},
"expansion": "Middle French desbaucher (“entice from work or duty”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "desbauchier",
"4": "",
"5": "to lead astray"
},
"expansion": "Old French desbauchier (“to lead astray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*balkō"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *balkō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*balkô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *balkô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵ-",
"4": "",
"5": "beam, plank"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1590s, from Middle French desbaucher (“entice from work or duty”), from Old French desbauchier (“to lead astray”), from des- + bauch (“beam”), from Frankish *balkō, from Proto-Germanic *balkô, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”); latter origin of balk.\nEvolution of sense unclear; may be literally “to shave/trim wood to make a beam” or may be “to leave/lure someone from a workshop”, Frankish *balkō perhaps also meaning “workshop”.\nPossible corruption by way of Anglicised French term bord (“edge, kerb”): kerb crawling as a synonym for prostitution. Parallels in modern German: Bordsteinschwalbe (“prostitute”, literally “Kerb-stone-swallow”). English words bawd, bawdiness may be similarly connected.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "debauches",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "debauch (plural debauches)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1785, William Cowper, “Book IV. The Winter Evening.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 161:",
"text": "[E]v'ry twentieth pace / Conducts the unguarded noſe to ſuch a whiff / Of ſtale debauch forth-iſſuing from the ſtyes / That law has licenſed, as makes temp'rance reel.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1828, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter XX, in Pelham; or, The Adventures of a Gentleman. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 196:",
"text": "I rose by candle-light, and consumed, in the intensest application, the hours which every other individual of our party wasted in enervating slumbers, from the hesternal dissipation or debauch.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Arthur Conan Doyle, John Barrington Cowles:",
"text": "As I supported him towards his lodgings I could see that he was not only suffering from the effects of a recent debauch, but that a long course of intemperance had affected his nerves and his brain.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1902, Thomas Ebenezer Webb, The Mystery of William Shakespeare: A Summary of Evidence, page 242:",
"text": "Greene died of a debauch; and Marlowe, the gracer of tragedians, perished in an ignominious brawl.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1913, Sax Rohmer, chapter 25, in The Insidious Dr. Fu Manchu:",
"text": "[T]he room probably was one which he actually used for opium debauches.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An individual act of debauchery."
],
"id": "en-debauch-en-noun-qeP5mHyb",
"links": [
[
"debauchery",
"debauchery"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razvrát",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "развра́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"word": "放蕩"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fàngdàng",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"word": "放荡"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"word": "diboĉi"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"word": "turmeleminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "débauche"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ausschweifung"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Prasserei"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Prassen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwelgerei"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schwelgen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "akolasía",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ακολασία"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rázvrat",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ра́зврат"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"word": "destrăbălare"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "debóš",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дебо́ш"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razvrát",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "развра́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razgúl",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "разгу́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "misg"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corrupción"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "utsvävning"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "excess"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "orgie"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1934 October, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Burmese Days, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, →OCLC; republished as chapter 2, in Burmese Days (ebook no. 0200051h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, November 2015:",
"text": "The flowers, oppressive to the eyes, blazed with not a petal stirring, in a debauch of sun.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1961 November 10, Joseph Heller, chapter 13, in Catch-22 […], New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC:",
"text": "[T]here were always the gay and silly sensual young girls that Yossarian had found and brought there and those that the sleepy enlisted men returning to Pianosa after their own exhausting seven-day debauch had brought there.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An orgy."
],
"id": "en-debauch-en-noun-btgRnf6U",
"links": [
[
"orgy",
"orgy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪˈbɔːt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-debauch.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-au-debauch.ogg/En-au-debauch.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-au-debauch.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːtʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "debosh"
}
],
"word": "debauch"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "debauchee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "debaucher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "debauchery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "debauchment"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "desbaucher",
"4": "",
"5": "entice from work or duty"
},
"expansion": "Middle French desbaucher (“entice from work or duty”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "desbauchier",
"4": "",
"5": "to lead astray"
},
"expansion": "Old French desbauchier (“to lead astray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*balkō"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *balkō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*balkô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *balkô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵ-",
"4": "",
"5": "beam, plank"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1590s, from Middle French desbaucher (“entice from work or duty”), from Old French desbauchier (“to lead astray”), from des- + bauch (“beam”), from Frankish *balkō, from Proto-Germanic *balkô, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”); latter origin of balk.\nEvolution of sense unclear; may be literally “to shave/trim wood to make a beam” or may be “to leave/lure someone from a workshop”, Frankish *balkō perhaps also meaning “workshop”.\nPossible corruption by way of Anglicised French term bord (“edge, kerb”): kerb crawling as a synonym for prostitution. Parallels in modern German: Bordsteinschwalbe (“prostitute”, literally “Kerb-stone-swallow”). English words bawd, bawdiness may be similarly connected.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "debauches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "debauching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "debauched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "debauched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "debauch (third-person singular simple present debauches, present participle debauching, simple past and past participle debauched)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "balk"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1727, Daniel Defoe, chapter 9, in The History of the Devil:",
"text": "But the Devil had met with too much Success in his first Attempts, not to go on with his general Resolution of debauching the Minds of Men, and bringing them off from God.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To morally corrupt (someone); to seduce."
],
"id": "en-debauch-en-verb-x5RJcRGx",
"links": [
[
"morally",
"morally"
],
[
"corrupt",
"corrupt"
],
[
"seduce",
"seduce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To morally corrupt (someone); to seduce."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pokvarjavam",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "покварявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razvraštavam",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "развращавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "使墮落"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shǐduòluò",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "使堕落"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "ontaarden"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "turmella"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "débaucher"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "verführen"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "verderben"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "korrumpieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "diaftheíro",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "διαφθείρω"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "whakatautauhea"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razvraščatʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "развращать"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "fördärva"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "depravera"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 4 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "korrumpera"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1685, Matthew Prior, “A Satyr on the modern Translators”, in H. Bunker Wright, Monroe K. Spears, editors, The Literary Works of Matthew Prior, Second edition, volume I, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1971, page 19:",
"text": "Those who with nine months toil had spoil’d a Play,\nIn hopes of Eating at a full Third day,\nJustly despairing longer to sustain\nA craving Stomach from an empty Brain,\nHave left Stage-Practice, chang’d their old Vocations,\nAtoning for bad Plays, with worse Translations,\nAnd like old Sternhold with laborious spite,\nBurlesque what nobler Muses better write:\nThus while they for their Causes only seem\nTo change the Channel, they corrupt the Stream.\nSo breaking Vintners to increase their Wine,\nWith nauseous Drugs debauch the generous Vine:\nSo barren Gipsies for recruit are said,\nWith Strangers Issue to maintain the Trade;\nBut lest the fair Bantling should be known,\nA daubing Walnut makes him all their own.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 March 23, Peter Hitchens, “We're being dragged into a new Cold War by a puffed-up bullfrog (and I don't mean President Putin)”, in Peter Hitchens's Blog at The Mail on Sunday (UK):",
"text": "[S]aving of all kinds is pointless when interest is microscopic and state-sponsored inflation is debauching the currency.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To debase (something); to lower the value of (something)."
],
"id": "en-debauch-en-verb-eKiaVD1L",
"links": [
[
"debase",
"debase"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To debase (something); to lower the value of (something)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razvaljam",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "развалям"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izopačavam",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "изопачавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "ontwaarden"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "turmella"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "verkommen lassen"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "abwerten"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "entwerten"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "verschlechtern"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "diaftheíro",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "διαφθείρω"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ekfylízo",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "εκφυλίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "whakatautauhea"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "whakatautauwhea"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "unižátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "унижа́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 83 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "devalvera"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 2 11 5 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 9 8 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 16 6 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 6 6 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 4 13 7 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 12 12 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 9 8 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 4 12 6 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 13 13 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 10 7 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 4 15 11 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 3 11 6 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 10 13 6 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 4 12 6 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 4 13 7 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 8 7 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 4 13 7 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 10 9 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 3 13 7 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To indulge in revelry."
],
"id": "en-debauch-en-verb-4bwClVia",
"links": [
[
"revelry",
"revelry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To indulge in revelry."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 99",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to indulge in revelry",
"word": "schwelgen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 99",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to indulge in revelry",
"word": "prassen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 99",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to indulge in revelry",
"word": "verkommen"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪˈbɔːt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-debauch.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-au-debauch.ogg/En-au-debauch.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-au-debauch.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːtʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "debosh"
}
],
"word": "debauch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːtʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːtʃ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "desbaucher",
"4": "",
"5": "entice from work or duty"
},
"expansion": "Middle French desbaucher (“entice from work or duty”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "desbauchier",
"4": "",
"5": "to lead astray"
},
"expansion": "Old French desbauchier (“to lead astray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*balkō"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *balkō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*balkô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *balkô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵ-",
"4": "",
"5": "beam, plank"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1590s, from Middle French desbaucher (“entice from work or duty”), from Old French desbauchier (“to lead astray”), from des- + bauch (“beam”), from Frankish *balkō, from Proto-Germanic *balkô, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”); latter origin of balk.\nEvolution of sense unclear; may be literally “to shave/trim wood to make a beam” or may be “to leave/lure someone from a workshop”, Frankish *balkō perhaps also meaning “workshop”.\nPossible corruption by way of Anglicised French term bord (“edge, kerb”): kerb crawling as a synonym for prostitution. Parallels in modern German: Bordsteinschwalbe (“prostitute”, literally “Kerb-stone-swallow”). English words bawd, bawdiness may be similarly connected.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "debauches",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "debauch (plural debauches)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1785, William Cowper, “Book IV. The Winter Evening.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 161:",
"text": "[E]v'ry twentieth pace / Conducts the unguarded noſe to ſuch a whiff / Of ſtale debauch forth-iſſuing from the ſtyes / That law has licenſed, as makes temp'rance reel.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1828, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter XX, in Pelham; or, The Adventures of a Gentleman. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 196:",
"text": "I rose by candle-light, and consumed, in the intensest application, the hours which every other individual of our party wasted in enervating slumbers, from the hesternal dissipation or debauch.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Arthur Conan Doyle, John Barrington Cowles:",
"text": "As I supported him towards his lodgings I could see that he was not only suffering from the effects of a recent debauch, but that a long course of intemperance had affected his nerves and his brain.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1902, Thomas Ebenezer Webb, The Mystery of William Shakespeare: A Summary of Evidence, page 242:",
"text": "Greene died of a debauch; and Marlowe, the gracer of tragedians, perished in an ignominious brawl.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1913, Sax Rohmer, chapter 25, in The Insidious Dr. Fu Manchu:",
"text": "[T]he room probably was one which he actually used for opium debauches.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An individual act of debauchery."
],
"links": [
[
"debauchery",
"debauchery"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1934 October, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Burmese Days, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, →OCLC; republished as chapter 2, in Burmese Days (ebook no. 0200051h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, November 2015:",
"text": "The flowers, oppressive to the eyes, blazed with not a petal stirring, in a debauch of sun.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1961 November 10, Joseph Heller, chapter 13, in Catch-22 […], New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC:",
"text": "[T]here were always the gay and silly sensual young girls that Yossarian had found and brought there and those that the sleepy enlisted men returning to Pianosa after their own exhausting seven-day debauch had brought there.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An orgy."
],
"links": [
[
"orgy",
"orgy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪˈbɔːt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-debauch.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-au-debauch.ogg/En-au-debauch.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-au-debauch.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːtʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "debosh"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razvrát",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "развра́т"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"word": "放蕩"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fàngdàng",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"word": "放荡"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"word": "diboĉi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"word": "turmeleminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "débauche"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ausschweifung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Prasserei"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Prassen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwelgerei"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schwelgen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "akolasía",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ακολασία"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "rázvrat",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ра́зврат"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"word": "destrăbălare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "debóš",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дебо́ш"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razvrát",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "развра́т"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razgúl",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "разгу́л"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "misg"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corrupción"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "utsvävning"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "excess"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "act of debauchery",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "orgie"
}
],
"word": "debauch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːtʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːtʃ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "debauchee"
},
{
"word": "debaucher"
},
{
"word": "debauchery"
},
{
"word": "debauchment"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "desbaucher",
"4": "",
"5": "entice from work or duty"
},
"expansion": "Middle French desbaucher (“entice from work or duty”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "desbauchier",
"4": "",
"5": "to lead astray"
},
"expansion": "Old French desbauchier (“to lead astray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*balkō"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *balkō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*balkô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *balkô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵ-",
"4": "",
"5": "beam, plank"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1590s, from Middle French desbaucher (“entice from work or duty”), from Old French desbauchier (“to lead astray”), from des- + bauch (“beam”), from Frankish *balkō, from Proto-Germanic *balkô, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”); latter origin of balk.\nEvolution of sense unclear; may be literally “to shave/trim wood to make a beam” or may be “to leave/lure someone from a workshop”, Frankish *balkō perhaps also meaning “workshop”.\nPossible corruption by way of Anglicised French term bord (“edge, kerb”): kerb crawling as a synonym for prostitution. Parallels in modern German: Bordsteinschwalbe (“prostitute”, literally “Kerb-stone-swallow”). English words bawd, bawdiness may be similarly connected.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "debauches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "debauching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "debauched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "debauched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "debauch (third-person singular simple present debauches, present participle debauching, simple past and past participle debauched)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "balk"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1727, Daniel Defoe, chapter 9, in The History of the Devil:",
"text": "But the Devil had met with too much Success in his first Attempts, not to go on with his general Resolution of debauching the Minds of Men, and bringing them off from God.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To morally corrupt (someone); to seduce."
],
"links": [
[
"morally",
"morally"
],
[
"corrupt",
"corrupt"
],
[
"seduce",
"seduce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To morally corrupt (someone); to seduce."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1685, Matthew Prior, “A Satyr on the modern Translators”, in H. Bunker Wright, Monroe K. Spears, editors, The Literary Works of Matthew Prior, Second edition, volume I, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1971, page 19:",
"text": "Those who with nine months toil had spoil’d a Play,\nIn hopes of Eating at a full Third day,\nJustly despairing longer to sustain\nA craving Stomach from an empty Brain,\nHave left Stage-Practice, chang’d their old Vocations,\nAtoning for bad Plays, with worse Translations,\nAnd like old Sternhold with laborious spite,\nBurlesque what nobler Muses better write:\nThus while they for their Causes only seem\nTo change the Channel, they corrupt the Stream.\nSo breaking Vintners to increase their Wine,\nWith nauseous Drugs debauch the generous Vine:\nSo barren Gipsies for recruit are said,\nWith Strangers Issue to maintain the Trade;\nBut lest the fair Bantling should be known,\nA daubing Walnut makes him all their own.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 March 23, Peter Hitchens, “We're being dragged into a new Cold War by a puffed-up bullfrog (and I don't mean President Putin)”, in Peter Hitchens's Blog at The Mail on Sunday (UK):",
"text": "[S]aving of all kinds is pointless when interest is microscopic and state-sponsored inflation is debauching the currency.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To debase (something); to lower the value of (something)."
],
"links": [
[
"debase",
"debase"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To debase (something); to lower the value of (something)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To indulge in revelry."
],
"links": [
[
"revelry",
"revelry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To indulge in revelry."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪˈbɔːt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-debauch.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/En-au-debauch.ogg/En-au-debauch.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/En-au-debauch.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːtʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "debosh"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pokvarjavam",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "покварявам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razvraštavam",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "развращавам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "使墮落"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shǐduòluò",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "使堕落"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "ontaarden"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "turmella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "débaucher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "verführen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "verderben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "korrumpieren"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "diaftheíro",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "διαφθείρω"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "whakatautauhea"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razvraščatʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "развращать"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "fördärva"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "depravera"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) to morally corrupt someone; to seduce",
"word": "korrumpera"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razvaljam",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "развалям"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izopačavam",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "изопачавам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "ontwaarden"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "turmella"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "verkommen lassen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "abwerten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "entwerten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "verschlechtern"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "diaftheíro",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "διαφθείρω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ekfylízo",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "εκφυλίζω"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "whakatautauhea"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "whakatautauwhea"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "unižátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "унижа́ть"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(transitive) to debase something",
"word": "devalvera"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to indulge in revelry",
"word": "schwelgen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to indulge in revelry",
"word": "prassen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to indulge in revelry",
"word": "verkommen"
}
],
"word": "debauch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for debauch meaning in All languages combined (17.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.