See darnijan on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "diernan",
"3": "dyrnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: diernan, dyrnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: diernan, dyrnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dærnen",
"3": "dernen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: dærnen, dernen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*dearnian"
},
"expansion": "Old English *dearnian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "merged with descendant of Old English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">*dearnian</i>"
},
"expansion": "(merged with descendant of Old English *dearnian)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: dærnen, dernen (merged with descendant of Old English *dearnian)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "darn",
"3": "dern"
},
"expansion": "English: darn, dern",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: darn, dern"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dern",
"3": "darn"
},
"expansion": "Scots: dern, darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: dern, darn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "dernian"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: dernian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: dernian"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*dernen"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *dernen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *dernen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "dernen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: dernen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: dernen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "tarnen",
"3": "*ternen"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: tarnen, *ternen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: tarnen, *ternen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ternen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: ternen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: ternen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ternir",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: ternir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: ternir"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "ternir"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: ternir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: ternir"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ternir"
},
"expansion": "French: ternir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: ternir"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ternysshen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: ternysshen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: ternysshen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tarnish"
},
"expansion": "English: tarnish",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tarnish"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*darnī",
"3": "*-jan",
"id1": "hidden",
"id2": "factitive",
"t1": "hidden"
},
"expansion": "*darnī (“hidden”) + *-jan",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *darnī (“hidden”) + *-jan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"genitive",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"instrumental",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darniþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darniþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijanþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darniþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"past",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*darnijan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/darnijan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Old English: bediernan",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"word": "bidernen"
},
{
"sense": "*bidarnijan; Old Saxon",
"word": "bidernian"
},
{
"sense": "*bidarnijan; Old High German",
"word": "bitarnen"
},
{
"sense": "*darnīngō",
"word": "⇒ Old High German: tarningon"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hide, conceal"
],
"id": "en-darnijan-gmw-pro-verb-~pB29C4d",
"links": [
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"conceal",
"conceal"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "magic hood, skullcap",
"sense": "*darn",
"word": "⇒ Old Saxon: darnhōd"
},
{
"word": "darnī"
},
{
"sense": "*darnō; Old Saxon",
"word": "darno"
},
{
"sense": "*darnōn",
"word": "Old English: *dearnianMiddle English: dærnen"
},
{
"english": "merged with descendant of Old English diernan",
"sense": "*darnōn",
"word": "dernenEnglish: darnScots: dern"
},
{
"sense": "*darnōn",
"word": "darn"
},
{
"sense": "→ German: tarnen",
"word": "→ Low German: tarnen"
},
{
"sense": "→ German: tarnen",
"word": "→ Luxembourgish: tarnen"
},
{
"sense": "Old High German: *tarnōn",
"word": "⇒ Old High German: bitarnōn"
},
{
"sense": "*darnungō",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "dearnunga"
},
{
"sense": "*darnungō; Old Saxon",
"word": "darnungo"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "darnijan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Old English: bediernan",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"word": "bidernen"
},
{
"sense": "*bidarnijan; Old Saxon",
"word": "bidernian"
},
{
"sense": "*bidarnijan; Old High German",
"word": "bitarnen"
},
{
"sense": "*darnīngō",
"word": "⇒ Old High German: tarningon"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "diernan",
"3": "dyrnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: diernan, dyrnan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: diernan, dyrnan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dærnen",
"3": "dernen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: dærnen, dernen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*dearnian"
},
"expansion": "Old English *dearnian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "merged with descendant of Old English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ang\">*dearnian</i>"
},
"expansion": "(merged with descendant of Old English *dearnian)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: dærnen, dernen (merged with descendant of Old English *dearnian)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "darn",
"3": "dern"
},
"expansion": "English: darn, dern",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: darn, dern"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dern",
"3": "darn"
},
"expansion": "Scots: dern, darn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: dern, darn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "dernian"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: dernian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: dernian"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*dernen"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *dernen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *dernen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "dernen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: dernen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: dernen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "tarnen",
"3": "*ternen"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: tarnen, *ternen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: tarnen, *ternen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ternen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: ternen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: ternen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ternir",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: ternir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: ternir"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "ternir"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: ternir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: ternir"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ternir"
},
"expansion": "French: ternir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: ternir"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ternysshen",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: ternysshen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: ternysshen"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tarnish"
},
"expansion": "English: tarnish",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tarnish"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*darnī",
"3": "*-jan",
"id1": "hidden",
"id2": "factitive",
"t1": "hidden"
},
"expansion": "*darnī (“hidden”) + *-jan",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *darnī (“hidden”) + *-jan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"genitive",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"dative",
"infinitive",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"infinitive",
"instrumental",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnisi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darniþi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darniþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijanþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnidīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"present",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darniþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"plural",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnijandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"present",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "darnid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class-1",
"participle",
"past",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*darnijan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk1"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/darnijan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"english": "magic hood, skullcap",
"sense": "*darn",
"word": "⇒ Old Saxon: darnhōd"
},
{
"word": "darnī"
},
{
"sense": "*darnō; Old Saxon",
"word": "darno"
},
{
"sense": "*darnōn",
"word": "Old English: *dearnianMiddle English: dærnen"
},
{
"english": "merged with descendant of Old English diernan",
"sense": "*darnōn",
"word": "dernenEnglish: darnScots: dern"
},
{
"sense": "*darnōn",
"word": "darn"
},
{
"sense": "→ German: tarnen",
"word": "→ Low German: tarnen"
},
{
"sense": "→ German: tarnen",
"word": "→ Luxembourgish: tarnen"
},
{
"sense": "Old High German: *tarnōn",
"word": "⇒ Old High German: bitarnōn"
},
{
"sense": "*darnungō",
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "dearnunga"
},
{
"sense": "*darnungō; Old Saxon",
"word": "darnungo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 1 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-jan (factitive)",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs",
"gmw-pro:Secrecy"
],
"glosses": [
"to hide, conceal"
],
"links": [
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"conceal",
"conceal"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "darnijan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for darnijan meaning in All languages combined (8.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.