See dʰéǵʰōm on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dʰéǵʰōm meaning in All languages combined (20.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *homos",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "humus"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"roman": "khthamalós",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "χθαμαλός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "humilis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zemelōs",
"sense": "*dʰǵʰem-elo-",
"word": "ζεμελως"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*dʰǵʰοm-yo-",
"word": "gdonyos"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "earthling, human",
"word": "(dʰ)ǵʰm̥(m)-ṓ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Iranian"
],
"word": "zəmar-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*dzō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *dzō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*dʰgʰōm"
},
"expansion": "*dʰgʰōm",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *dzō < *dʰgʰōm (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*déǵm̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *déǵm̥",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *déǵm̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒋼𒂊𒃷",
"3": "𒁖𒈾𒀸",
"pos2": "gen.",
"tr": "te-e-kán",
"tr2": "ták-na-aš",
"ts": "tēkan",
"ts2": "taknas"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒋼𒂊𒃷 (te-e-kán /tēkan/), 𒁖𒈾𒀸 (ták-na-aš /taknas/, gen.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒋼𒂊𒃷 (te-e-kán /tēkan/), 𒁖𒈾𒀸 (ták-na-aš /taknas/, gen.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Luwian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖",
"sclb": "1",
"ts": "tiyammiš"
},
"expansion": "Cuneiform script: 𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖 (/tiyammiš/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cuneiform script: 𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖 (/tiyammiš/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𔓤",
"sclb": "1",
"ts": "takam"
},
"expansion": "Anatolian Hieroglyphs script: 𔓤 (/takam/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anatolian Hieroglyphs script: 𔓤 (/takam/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ցամաք",
"gloss": "dry; dry land"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ցամաք (cʿamakʿ, “dry; dry land”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ցամաք (cʿamakʿ, “dry; dry land”) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*źémē",
"3": "*źémijā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źémē, *źémijā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "accusative"
},
"expansion": "(accusative)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*ǵʰem-m̥"
},
"expansion": "*ǵʰem-m̥",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źémē, *źémijā < (accusative) *ǵʰem-m̥ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*zemľa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *zemľa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *zemľa < *ǵʰðʰem-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*gdū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *gdū",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*gdō, *gdon-"
},
"expansion": "*gdō, *gdon-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *gdū < *gdō, *gdon- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*kʰtʰṓn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰtʰṓn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰtʰṓn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χθών",
"3": "χαμαί",
"4": "χῶμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: χθών (khthṓn), χαμαί (khamaí), χῶμα (khôma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: χθών (khthṓn), χαμαί (khamaí), χῶμα (khôma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́ʰžʰáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*dʰǵʰḿ̥h₂s"
},
"expansion": "*dʰǵʰḿ̥h₂s",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs < *dʰǵʰḿ̥h₂s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*ḍẓʰáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ḍẓʰáHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ḍẓʰáHs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्षम्",
"3": "क्षाः",
"4": "ज्मः",
"pos2": "nom. sg",
"pos3": "gen.",
"tr": "kṣám",
"tr2": "kṣā́ḥ",
"tr3": "jmáḥ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्षम् (kṣám), क्षाः (kṣā́ḥ, nom. sg), ज्मः (jmáḥ, gen.)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्षम् (kṣám), क्षाः (kṣā́ḥ, nom. sg), ज्मः (jmáḥ, gen.) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष",
"der": "1",
"tr": "kṣá"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष (kṣá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष (kṣá)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ग्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "gmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ग्मा (gmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ग्मा (gmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ज्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "jmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मा (jmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मा (jmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ज्मन्",
"der": "1",
"tr": "jmán"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मन् (jmán)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मन् (jmán)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "kṣmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष्मा (kṣmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष्मा (kṣmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*jáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *jáHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *jáHs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬰𐬃"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬰𐬃 (zā̊)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬰𐬆𐬨",
"nolb": "1",
"pos": "acc."
},
"expansion": "𐬰𐬆𐬨 (zəm, acc.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬰𐬃 (zā̊), 𐬰𐬆𐬨 (zəm, acc.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "зӕхх"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: зӕхх (zæxx)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: зӕхх (zæxx)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "𐨩𐨿𐨯𐨨",
"tr": "ysama"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: 𐨩𐨿𐨯𐨨 (ysama)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: 𐨩𐨿𐨯𐨨 (ysama)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "ζαμιιο",
"ts": "*zamī"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: ζαμιιο (zamiio /*zamī/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: ζαμιιο (zamiio /*zamī/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"tr": "zāy"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "zʾyh"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (zʾyh)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"sc": "Sogd",
"tr": "zʾy"
},
"expansion": "[script needed] (zʾy)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (zʾyh), [script needed] (zʾy)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫉𐫀𐫏𐫍",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫀𐫏𐫍 (zʾyh)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫉𐫀𐫏",
"sc": "Mani"
},
"expansion": "𐫉𐫀𐫏 (zʾy)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫀𐫏𐫍 (zʾyh), 𐫉𐫀𐫏 (zʾy)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܙܐܝ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "zʾy"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܙܐܝ (zʾy)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܙܝ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"tr": "zy"
},
"expansion": "ܙܝ (zy)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ݍܝ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"tr": "žy"
},
"expansion": "ݍܝ (žy)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܙܐܝ (zʾy), ܙܝ (zy), ݍܝ (žy)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ځمکه",
"3": "مځکه",
"4": "زمکه",
"tr": "dzmə́ka",
"tr2": "mdzə́ka",
"tr3": "zmə́ka"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: ځمکه (dzmə́ka), مځکه (mdzə́ka), زمکه (zmə́ka)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*jáHs-akah"
},
"expansion": "*jáHs-akah",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: ځمکه (dzmə́ka), مځکه (mdzə́ka), زمکه (zmə́ka) > *jáHs-akah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yah",
"2": "زماذ",
"tr": "zəmāδ"
},
"expansion": "Yazghulami: زماذ (zəmāδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazghulami: زماذ (zəmāδ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*jáHs-īkah"
},
"expansion": "*jáHs-īkah",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian: *jáHs-īkah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "زمین",
"3": "زمیگ",
"tr": "zamín",
"tr2": "zamíg"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: زمین (zamín), زمیگ (zamíg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: زمین (zamín), زمیگ (zamíg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:/zavī ~ zawī/"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "zevî"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: zevî",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: zevî"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "زەوی",
"tr": "zewî"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: زەوی (zewî)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "زەڤی",
"tr": "zevî"
},
"expansion": "زەڤی (zevî)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "زەوین",
"tr": "zewîn"
},
"expansion": "زەوین (zewîn)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: زەوی (zewî), زەڤی (zevî), زەوین (zewîn)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "زەۊ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: زەۊ (zeẅ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: زەۊ (zeẅ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mpr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zamīn"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: زمین (zamīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Mazanderani: زمین (zamīn)"
},
{
"depth": 7,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zamīn"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: زمین (zamīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: زمین (zamīn)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zəmīn, zimīn"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: زمین (zəmīn, zimīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: زمین (zəmīn, zimīn)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"ts": "zamīg"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/zamīg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/zamīg/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫃",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫃 (zmyg)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫞",
"sc": "Mani"
},
"expansion": "𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫞 (zmyq)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫃 (zmyg), 𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫞 (zmyq)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ker"
},
"expansion": "Kermanic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kermanic::"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-krm",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zemīn"
},
"expansion": "Kermani: زمین (zemīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kermani: زمین (zemīn)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gbz",
"2": "زوین",
"3": "وزین",
"tr": "zvīn",
"tr2": "vzīn"
},
"expansion": "Zoroastrian Dari: زوین (zvīn), وزین (vzīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zoroastrian Dari: زوین (zvīn), وزین (vzīn)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-taf"
},
"expansion": "Tafreshi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tafreshi::"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-amo",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zemīn"
},
"expansion": "Amorehi: زمین (zemīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Amorehi: زمین (zemīn)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-kah",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zemīn"
},
"expansion": "Kahaki: زمین (zemīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kahaki: زمین (zemīn)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vaf",
"2": "زوین",
"tr": "zavīn"
},
"expansion": "Vafsi: زوین (zavīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vafsi: زوین (zavīn)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-azr",
"2": "زمی",
"tr": "zamī"
},
"expansion": "Old Azari: زمی (zamī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Azari: زمی (zamī)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrz",
"2": "زمی",
"tr": "zamī"
},
"expansion": "Harzani: زمی (zamī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Harzani: زمی (zamī)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kgn",
"2": "زمی",
"tr": "zamī"
},
"expansion": "Karingani: زمی (zamī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karingani: زمی (zamī)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "-",
"ts": "zamī"
},
"expansion": "Talysh: (/zamī/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh: (/zamī/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "زمی",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: زمی",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: زمی"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "zəmı",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: zəmı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: zəmı"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zaza-Gorani:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "زەمین",
"tr": "zemîn",
"ts": "zamīn"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: زەمین (zemîn /zamīn/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: زەمین (zemîn /zamīn/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "zimê",
"ts": "zimē"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: zimê (/zimē/)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "zemîn",
"ts": "zamīn"
},
"expansion": "zemîn (/zamīn/)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: zimê (/zimē/), zemîn (/zamīn/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*jáHs-īkah"
},
"expansion": "*jáHs-īkah",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian: > *jáHs-īkah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "damīg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/damīg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/damīg/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "dmyk'"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dmyk')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dmyk')"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*tken"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *tken",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *tken (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰeǵʰ-",
"3": "*ōm"
},
"expansion": "*dʰeǵʰ- + *-ōm",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰeǵ-"
},
"expansion": "*dʰeǵ-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(s)teg-",
"3": "*(s)teǵ-",
"4": "to cover"
},
"expansion": "*(s)teǵ- (“to cover”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *dʰeǵʰ- + *-ōm.\nHowever, Kloekhorst argues that the Sanskrit and Anatolian evidence point towards a reconstruction of the root *dʰeǵ- as opposed to *dʰeǵʰ- on the basis that:\n# In the Sanskrit oblique stem jm-, -j- must reflect *ǵ-, and cannot reflect *ǵʰ-, which would regularly give -h- in all positions.\n# The long vowel in the Hittite nom. sg. [tēkan] suggests a \"voiced unaspirated\" (pre-glottalised) velar. See Kloekhorst (2012).\n# The *ǵʰ- reconstructable from Latin, Germanic and Greek can be explained in the glottalic theory as a simplification of the cluster *dʰǵ /dˀɡ/ to *dʰǵʰ /dɡ/. The opposite development is much less likely.\nIt should be noted, however, that the glottalic theory is not generally accepted.\nA phonetically difficult but possible connection is with *(s)teǵ- (“to cover”), with devoicing of *dʰ to *t via Siebs' law.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰmés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰmés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰméy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰém",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰémi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰméh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*dʰéǵʰōm f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dʰéǵʰom",
"2": "ǵʰm̥",
"ac": "amphikinetic",
"loc_sg": "ǵʰém",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰéǵʰōm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"earth"
],
"id": "en-dʰéǵʰōm-ine-pro-noun-e3S0GKNS",
"links": [
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-ōm",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"roman": "jā́marya",
"sense": "Sanskrit: *जमर् (*jámar)",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "⇒ Sanskrit: जामर्य"
}
],
"glosses": [
"human"
],
"id": "en-dʰéǵʰōm-ine-pro-noun-eaVHh2jS",
"links": [
[
"human",
"human"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "h₁er-"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Siebs' law"
],
"word": "dʰéǵʰōm"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic m-stem nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European feminine nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-ōm"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic: *homos",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "humus"
},
{
"roman": "khthamalós",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "χθαμαλός"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "humilis"
},
{
"roman": "zemelōs",
"sense": "*dʰǵʰem-elo-",
"word": "ζεμελως"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "*dʰǵʰοm-yo-",
"word": "gdonyos"
},
{
"english": "earthling, human",
"word": "(dʰ)ǵʰm̥(m)-ṓ"
},
{
"roman": "jā́marya",
"sense": "Sanskrit: *जमर् (*jámar)",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "⇒ Sanskrit: जामर्य"
},
{
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Iranian"
],
"word": "zəmar-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*dzō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *dzō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*dʰgʰōm"
},
"expansion": "*dʰgʰōm",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *dzō < *dʰgʰōm (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-ana-pro",
"2": "*déǵm̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Anatolian: *déǵm̥",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Anatolian: *déǵm̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒋼𒂊𒃷",
"3": "𒁖𒈾𒀸",
"pos2": "gen.",
"tr": "te-e-kán",
"tr2": "ták-na-aš",
"ts": "tēkan",
"ts2": "taknas"
},
"expansion": "Hittite: 𒋼𒂊𒃷 (te-e-kán /tēkan/), 𒁖𒈾𒀸 (ták-na-aš /taknas/, gen.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hittite: 𒋼𒂊𒃷 (te-e-kán /tēkan/), 𒁖𒈾𒀸 (ták-na-aš /taknas/, gen.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Luwian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luwian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖",
"sclb": "1",
"ts": "tiyammiš"
},
"expansion": "Cuneiform script: 𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖 (/tiyammiš/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cuneiform script: 𒋾𒄿𒀀𒄠𒈪𒅖 (/tiyammiš/)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlu",
"2": "𔓤",
"sclb": "1",
"ts": "takam"
},
"expansion": "Anatolian Hieroglyphs script: 𔓤 (/takam/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anatolian Hieroglyphs script: 𔓤 (/takam/)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ցամաք",
"gloss": "dry; dry land"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: ցամաք (cʿamakʿ, “dry; dry land”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: ցամաք (cʿamakʿ, “dry; dry land”) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*źémē",
"3": "*źémijā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źémē, *źémijā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "accusative"
},
"expansion": "(accusative)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*ǵʰem-m̥"
},
"expansion": "*ǵʰem-m̥",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źémē, *źémijā < (accusative) *ǵʰem-m̥ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*zemľa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *zemľa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *zemľa < *ǵʰðʰem-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*gdū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *gdū",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*gdō, *gdon-"
},
"expansion": "*gdō, *gdon-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *gdū < *gdō, *gdon- (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*kʰtʰṓn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰtʰṓn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *kʰtʰṓn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χθών",
"3": "χαμαί",
"4": "χῶμα"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: χθών (khthṓn), χαμαί (khamaí), χῶμα (khôma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: χθών (khthṓn), χαμαί (khamaí), χῶμα (khôma)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́ʰžʰáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*dʰǵʰḿ̥h₂s"
},
"expansion": "*dʰǵʰḿ̥h₂s",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs < *dʰǵʰḿ̥h₂s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*ḍẓʰáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ḍẓʰáHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ḍẓʰáHs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्षम्",
"3": "क्षाः",
"4": "ज्मः",
"pos2": "nom. sg",
"pos3": "gen.",
"tr": "kṣám",
"tr2": "kṣā́ḥ",
"tr3": "jmáḥ"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: क्षम् (kṣám), क्षाः (kṣā́ḥ, nom. sg), ज्मः (jmáḥ, gen.)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: क्षम् (kṣám), क्षाः (kṣā́ḥ, nom. sg), ज्मः (jmáḥ, gen.) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष",
"der": "1",
"tr": "kṣá"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष (kṣá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष (kṣá)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ग्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "gmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ग्मा (gmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ग्मा (gmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ज्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "jmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मा (jmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मा (jmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ज्मन्",
"der": "1",
"tr": "jmán"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मन् (jmán)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: ज्मन् (jmán)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "क्ष्मा",
"der": "1",
"tr": "kṣmā́"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष्मा (kṣmā́)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: क्ष्मा (kṣmā́)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*jáHs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *jáHs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *jáHs"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬰𐬃"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬰𐬃 (zā̊)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬰𐬆𐬨",
"nolb": "1",
"pos": "acc."
},
"expansion": "𐬰𐬆𐬨 (zəm, acc.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬰𐬃 (zā̊), 𐬰𐬆𐬨 (zəm, acc.)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "зӕхх"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: зӕхх (zæxx)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: зӕхх (zæxx)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"2": "𐨩𐨿𐨯𐨨",
"tr": "ysama"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: 𐨩𐨿𐨯𐨨 (ysama)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: 𐨩𐨿𐨯𐨨 (ysama)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "ζαμιιο",
"ts": "*zamī"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: ζαμιιο (zamiio /*zamī/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: ζαμιιο (zamiio /*zamī/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"tr": "zāy"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "zʾyh"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (zʾyh)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"sc": "Sogd",
"tr": "zʾy"
},
"expansion": "[script needed] (zʾy)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: [script needed] (zʾyh), [script needed] (zʾy)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫉𐫀𐫏𐫍",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫀𐫏𐫍 (zʾyh)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫉𐫀𐫏",
"sc": "Mani"
},
"expansion": "𐫉𐫀𐫏 (zʾy)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫀𐫏𐫍 (zʾyh), 𐫉𐫀𐫏 (zʾy)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܙܐܝ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "zʾy"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܙܐܝ (zʾy)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܙܝ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"tr": "zy"
},
"expansion": "ܙܝ (zy)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ݍܝ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"tr": "žy"
},
"expansion": "ݍܝ (žy)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܙܐܝ (zʾy), ܙܝ (zy), ݍܝ (žy)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ځمکه",
"3": "مځکه",
"4": "زمکه",
"tr": "dzmə́ka",
"tr2": "mdzə́ka",
"tr3": "zmə́ka"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: ځمکه (dzmə́ka), مځکه (mdzə́ka), زمکه (zmə́ka)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*jáHs-akah"
},
"expansion": "*jáHs-akah",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: ځمکه (dzmə́ka), مځکه (mdzə́ka), زمکه (zmə́ka) > *jáHs-akah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yah",
"2": "زماذ",
"tr": "zəmāδ"
},
"expansion": "Yazghulami: زماذ (zəmāδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazghulami: زماذ (zəmāδ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*jáHs-īkah"
},
"expansion": "*jáHs-īkah",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian: *jáHs-īkah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "زمین",
"3": "زمیگ",
"tr": "zamín",
"tr2": "zamíg"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: زمین (zamín), زمیگ (zamíg)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: زمین (zamín), زمیگ (zamíg)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:/zavī ~ zawī/"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "zevî"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: zevî",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: zevî"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "زەوی",
"tr": "zewî"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: زەوی (zewî)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "زەڤی",
"tr": "zevî"
},
"expansion": "زەڤی (zevî)",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "زەوین",
"tr": "zewîn"
},
"expansion": "زەوین (zewîn)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: زەوی (zewî), زەڤی (zevî), زەوین (zewîn)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "زەۊ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: زەۊ (zeẅ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: زەۊ (zeẅ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mpr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zamīn"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: زمین (zamīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Mazanderani: زمین (zamīn)"
},
{
"depth": 7,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zamīn"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: زمین (zamīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: زمین (zamīn)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zəmīn, zimīn"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: زمین (zəmīn, zimīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: زمین (zəmīn, zimīn)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"ts": "zamīg"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/zamīg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/zamīg/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫃",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫃 (zmyg)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫞",
"sc": "Mani"
},
"expansion": "𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫞 (zmyq)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫃 (zmyg), 𐫉𐫖𐫏𐫞 (zmyq)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ker"
},
"expansion": "Kermanic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kermanic::"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-krm",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zemīn"
},
"expansion": "Kermani: زمین (zemīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kermani: زمین (zemīn)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gbz",
"2": "زوین",
"3": "وزین",
"tr": "zvīn",
"tr2": "vzīn"
},
"expansion": "Zoroastrian Dari: زوین (zvīn), وزین (vzīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zoroastrian Dari: زوین (zvīn), وزین (vzīn)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-taf"
},
"expansion": "Tafreshi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tafreshi::"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-amo",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zemīn"
},
"expansion": "Amorehi: زمین (zemīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Amorehi: زمین (zemīn)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-kah",
"2": "زمین",
"tr": "zemīn"
},
"expansion": "Kahaki: زمین (zemīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kahaki: زمین (zemīn)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vaf",
"2": "زوین",
"tr": "zavīn"
},
"expansion": "Vafsi: زوین (zavīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vafsi: زوین (zavīn)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-azr",
"2": "زمی",
"tr": "zamī"
},
"expansion": "Old Azari: زمی (zamī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Azari: زمی (zamī)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrz",
"2": "زمی",
"tr": "zamī"
},
"expansion": "Harzani: زمی (zamī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Harzani: زمی (zamī)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kgn",
"2": "زمی",
"tr": "zamī"
},
"expansion": "Karingani: زمی (zamī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karingani: زمی (zamī)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "-",
"ts": "zamī"
},
"expansion": "Talysh: (/zamī/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh: (/zamī/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "زمی",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: زمی",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: زمی"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "zəmı",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: zəmı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: zəmı"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zaza-Gorani:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "زەمین",
"tr": "zemîn",
"ts": "zamīn"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: زەمین (zemîn /zamīn/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: زەمین (zemîn /zamīn/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "zimê",
"ts": "zimē"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: zimê (/zimē/)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "zemîn",
"ts": "zamīn"
},
"expansion": "zemîn (/zamīn/)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: zimê (/zimē/), zemîn (/zamīn/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*jáHs-īkah"
},
"expansion": "*jáHs-īkah",
"name": "m"
}
],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian: > *jáHs-īkah"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "damīg"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/damīg/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/damīg/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "dmyk'"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dmyk')",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dmyk')"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro",
"2": "*tken"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian: *tken",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: *tken (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰeǵʰ-",
"3": "*ōm"
},
"expansion": "*dʰeǵʰ- + *-ōm",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰeǵ-"
},
"expansion": "*dʰeǵ-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(s)teg-",
"3": "*(s)teǵ-",
"4": "to cover"
},
"expansion": "*(s)teǵ- (“to cover”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *dʰeǵʰ- + *-ōm.\nHowever, Kloekhorst argues that the Sanskrit and Anatolian evidence point towards a reconstruction of the root *dʰeǵ- as opposed to *dʰeǵʰ- on the basis that:\n# In the Sanskrit oblique stem jm-, -j- must reflect *ǵ-, and cannot reflect *ǵʰ-, which would regularly give -h- in all positions.\n# The long vowel in the Hittite nom. sg. [tēkan] suggests a \"voiced unaspirated\" (pre-glottalised) velar. See Kloekhorst (2012).\n# The *ǵʰ- reconstructable from Latin, Germanic and Greek can be explained in the glottalic theory as a simplification of the cluster *dʰǵ /dˀɡ/ to *dʰǵʰ /dɡ/. The opposite development is much less likely.\nIt should be noted, however, that the glottalic theory is not generally accepted.\nA phonetically difficult but possible connection is with *(s)teǵ- (“to cover”), with devoicing of *dʰ to *t via Siebs' law.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dʰéǵʰōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰmés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰmés",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰméy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰém",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰémi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰméh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*dʰéǵʰōm f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dʰéǵʰom",
"2": "ǵʰm̥",
"ac": "amphikinetic",
"loc_sg": "ǵʰém",
"n": "s"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰéǵʰōm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ine-pro:Earth"
],
"glosses": [
"earth"
],
"links": [
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"human"
],
"links": [
[
"human",
"human"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "h₁er-"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Siebs' law"
],
"word": "dʰéǵʰōm"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.