See dēls on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*dē-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *dē-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰē-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰē-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "dēle",
"3": "",
"4": "leech"
},
"expansion": "Latvian dēle (“leech”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fello",
"3": "fellāre",
"4": "to nurse"
},
"expansion": "Latin fellāre (“to nurse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dětę"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dětę",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "дети",
"3": "",
"4": "children"
},
"expansion": "Russian дети (deti, “children”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "djalë",
"3": "",
"4": "boy, son"
},
"expansion": "Albanian djalë (“boy, son”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sūnùs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sūnùs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "son"
},
"expansion": "English son",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сын"
},
"expansion": "Russian сын (syn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "duktė",
"3": "duktė̃"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian duktė̃",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "дочь"
},
"expansion": "Russian дочь (dočʹ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tochter"
},
"expansion": "German Tochter",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *dē-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰē-, *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suckle, to nurse”) (whence also Latvian dēle (“leech”), q.v.); the original meaning was thus “one to nurse,” “suckling one,” “baby” (cf. Latin fellāre (“to nurse”), filius (“son”) < *fēlios < *dʰeh₁(y)-li-os). Cognates include Proto-Slavic *dětę (Russian дети (deti, “children”)), Albanian djalë (“boy, son”). The term dēls replaced an earlier *sūn(u)s, the original Indo-European word for “son” (cf. Lithuanian sūnùs, English son, Russian сын (syn)). This is usually explained as the result of taboo: the ‘real’ word for “son” was avoided so as not to attract the attention of evil spirits. Note that the languages that lack a reflex of this original word (Latin, Celtic, Latvian, Albanian) also lack the corresponding word for “daughter” (cf. Lithuanian duktė̃, Russian дочь (dočʹ), German Tochter); this suggests that there may have been dialectal differences in Proto-Indo-European concerning words for children.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1st declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dēls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēliem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēliem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dēls m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "1st"
},
"expansion": "dēls m (1st declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dēl",
"2": "s",
"3": "1st",
"extrawidth": "-60",
"keep-s": "1"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dēl",
"2": "s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "1",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dēls",
"10": "dēliem",
"11": "dēlā",
"12": "dēlos",
"13": "dēls",
"14": "dēli",
"2": "dēli",
"3": "dēlu",
"4": "dēlus",
"5": "dēla",
"6": "dēlu",
"7": "dēlam",
"8": "dēliem",
"9": "dēlu",
"type": "1st declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ģimene"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "māte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "meita"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tēvs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tētis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a son with (his) mother",
"text": "dēls ar māti",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "youngest, oldest son",
"text": "jaunākais, vecākais dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(one's) own son",
"text": "pašu dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "real son",
"text": "īstais dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the only son",
"text": "vienīgais dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "nephew (lit. brother's, sister's son)",
"text": "brāļa, māsas dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the son takes great care of his parents",
"text": "dēls ļoti rūpējās par saviem vecākiem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"son (a male child, in relation to his parents)"
],
"id": "en-dēls-lv-noun-C0crtSMh",
"links": [
[
"son",
"son"
],
[
"male",
"male#English"
],
[
"child",
"child#English"
],
[
"in relation to",
"in relation to#English"
],
[
"parents",
"parents#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 95 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 83 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 92 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 73 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 95 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 96 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“Father (of the) Grobiņš (= Mr Grobiņš), do you think that your money is not safe?” Jānis asked; “... well, son, there is nothing to say about, about security...”",
"text": "“Grobiņa tēv, vai tu domā, ka tava nauda nestāv droši?” Jānis jautāja; “... nu, dēls, par drošību, drošības dēļ nav ko runāt...”",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"son (a form of address used by an older person talking to a younger man)"
],
"id": "en-dēls-lv-noun-RSQ0mFj2",
"links": [
[
"son",
"son"
],
[
"form",
"form#English"
],
[
"address",
"address#English"
],
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"old",
"old#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"talk",
"talk#English"
],
[
"young",
"young#English"
],
[
"man",
"man#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) son (a form of address used by an older person talking to a younger man)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"declension-1",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 2 74",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "lv:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a son of the land of Latvia (= a Latvian)",
"text": "Latvijas zemes dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the sons and daughters of various nations",
"text": "dažādu tautu dēli un meitas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"son (a member of a people, group, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-dēls-lv-noun-FURza47R",
"links": [
[
"son",
"son"
],
[
"member",
"member#English"
],
[
"people",
"people#English"
],
[
"group",
"group#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) son (a member of a people, group, etc.)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"masculine",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dæ̂ːls]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-dēls.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/Lv-riga-d%C4%93ls.ogg/Lv-riga-d%C4%93ls.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Lv-riga-d%C4%93ls.ogg"
}
],
"word": "dēls"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian first declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian undefined derivations",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Family"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*dē-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *dē-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰē-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰē-",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "dēle",
"3": "",
"4": "leech"
},
"expansion": "Latvian dēle (“leech”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fello",
"3": "fellāre",
"4": "to nurse"
},
"expansion": "Latin fellāre (“to nurse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dětę"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dětę",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "дети",
"3": "",
"4": "children"
},
"expansion": "Russian дети (deti, “children”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "djalë",
"3": "",
"4": "boy, son"
},
"expansion": "Albanian djalë (“boy, son”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sūnùs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sūnùs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "son"
},
"expansion": "English son",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сын"
},
"expansion": "Russian сын (syn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "duktė",
"3": "duktė̃"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian duktė̃",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "дочь"
},
"expansion": "Russian дочь (dočʹ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Tochter"
},
"expansion": "German Tochter",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *dē-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰē-, *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suckle, to nurse”) (whence also Latvian dēle (“leech”), q.v.); the original meaning was thus “one to nurse,” “suckling one,” “baby” (cf. Latin fellāre (“to nurse”), filius (“son”) < *fēlios < *dʰeh₁(y)-li-os). Cognates include Proto-Slavic *dětę (Russian дети (deti, “children”)), Albanian djalë (“boy, son”). The term dēls replaced an earlier *sūn(u)s, the original Indo-European word for “son” (cf. Lithuanian sūnùs, English son, Russian сын (syn)). This is usually explained as the result of taboo: the ‘real’ word for “son” was avoided so as not to attract the attention of evil spirits. Note that the languages that lack a reflex of this original word (Latin, Celtic, Latvian, Albanian) also lack the corresponding word for “daughter” (cf. Lithuanian duktė̃, Russian дочь (dočʹ), German Tochter); this suggests that there may have been dialectal differences in Proto-Indo-European concerning words for children.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1st declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dēls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēliem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēliem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dēlos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dēls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "dēli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "dēls m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "1st"
},
"expansion": "dēls m (1st declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dēl",
"2": "s",
"3": "1st",
"extrawidth": "-60",
"keep-s": "1"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dēl",
"2": "s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "1",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dēls",
"10": "dēliem",
"11": "dēlā",
"12": "dēlos",
"13": "dēls",
"14": "dēli",
"2": "dēli",
"3": "dēlu",
"4": "dēlus",
"5": "dēla",
"6": "dēlu",
"7": "dēlam",
"8": "dēliem",
"9": "dēlu",
"type": "1st declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ģimene"
},
{
"word": "māte"
},
{
"word": "meita"
},
{
"word": "tēvs"
},
{
"word": "tētis"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a son with (his) mother",
"text": "dēls ar māti",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "youngest, oldest son",
"text": "jaunākais, vecākais dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "(one's) own son",
"text": "pašu dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "real son",
"text": "īstais dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the only son",
"text": "vienīgais dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "nephew (lit. brother's, sister's son)",
"text": "brāļa, māsas dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the son takes great care of his parents",
"text": "dēls ļoti rūpējās par saviem vecākiem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"son (a male child, in relation to his parents)"
],
"links": [
[
"son",
"son"
],
[
"male",
"male#English"
],
[
"child",
"child#English"
],
[
"in relation to",
"in relation to#English"
],
[
"parents",
"parents#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian colloquialisms",
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "“Father (of the) Grobiņš (= Mr Grobiņš), do you think that your money is not safe?” Jānis asked; “... well, son, there is nothing to say about, about security...”",
"text": "“Grobiņa tēv, vai tu domā, ka tava nauda nestāv droši?” Jānis jautāja; “... nu, dēls, par drošību, drošības dēļ nav ko runāt...”",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"son (a form of address used by an older person talking to a younger man)"
],
"links": [
[
"son",
"son"
],
[
"form",
"form#English"
],
[
"address",
"address#English"
],
[
"use",
"use#English"
],
[
"old",
"old#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"talk",
"talk#English"
],
[
"young",
"young#English"
],
[
"man",
"man#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) son (a form of address used by an older person talking to a younger man)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"declension-1",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian poetic terms",
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a son of the land of Latvia (= a Latvian)",
"text": "Latvijas zemes dēls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the sons and daughters of various nations",
"text": "dažādu tautu dēli un meitas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"son (a member of a people, group, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"son",
"son"
],
[
"member",
"member#English"
],
[
"people",
"people#English"
],
[
"group",
"group#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) son (a member of a people, group, etc.)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"masculine",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dæ̂ːls]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-dēls.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/Lv-riga-d%C4%93ls.ogg/Lv-riga-d%C4%93ls.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Lv-riga-d%C4%93ls.ogg"
}
],
"word": "dēls"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dēls meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.