See czyż on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czyż",
"id": "bird"
},
"expansion": "Polish: czyż",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: czyż"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "czyż"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: czyż",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: czyż"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*čižь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čižь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*čižь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čižь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "the 15th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 15th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čižь First attested in the 15th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "czyż m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "cyż",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "czyż m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "49 10 14 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 12 17 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
88,
92
]
],
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 407:",
"text": "In molliter autem asperatis scribatur simplex c sine omni asperacione, ut: Cap, cebula, cisz, id est caix",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 1377:",
"text": "Czysz cayx",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 49r:",
"text": "Ezaix czyz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Eurasian siskin (Spinus spinus)"
],
"id": "en-czyż-zlw-opl-noun-p8PwVIkx",
"links": [
[
"Eurasian siskin",
"Eurasian siskin"
],
[
"Spinus spinus",
"Spinus spinus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) Eurasian siskin (Spinus spinus)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʲiːʃ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʲiʃ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "czyż"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czy",
"3": "-ż"
},
"expansion": "czy + -ż",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From czy + -ż.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "czyż",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czyż"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 12 17 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 29 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 20 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish interrogative particles",
"parents": [
"Interrogative particles",
"Interrogative pro-forms",
"Particles",
"Pro-forms",
"Lemmas",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 27 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 28 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ż",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 29 43",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "True finches",
"orig": "pl:True finches",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "czyżby"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "Is it not beautiful?",
"text": "Czyż to nie piękne?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
],
"id": "en-czyż-pl-particle-NwKEH1UE",
"links": [
[
"yes-no question",
"yes-no question#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphatic) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "azali"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "azaliż"
},
{
"word": "czy"
}
],
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɘʂ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘʂ"
},
{
"homophone": "Czysz"
},
{
"homophone": "Czyż"
}
],
"word": "czyż"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bird"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "czyż",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish czyż",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "czyż"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czyż",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czyż.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "czyżyk",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "czyż",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyże",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyża",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyży",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyża",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyże",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "czyże",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"dim": "czyżyk"
},
"expansion": "czyż m animal (diminutive czyżyk)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czyż"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 12 17 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"siskin (any bird of the genus Spinus)"
],
"id": "en-czyż-pl-noun-Ok9jB9W2",
"links": [
[
"siskin",
"siskin"
],
[
"Spinus",
"Spinus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 12 17 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Eurasian siskin (Spinus spinus)"
],
"id": "en-czyż-pl-noun-p8PwVIkx",
"links": [
[
"Eurasian siskin",
"Eurasian siskin"
],
[
"Spinus spinus",
"Spinus spinus#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czyżyk"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɘʂ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘʂ"
},
{
"homophone": "Czysz"
},
{
"homophone": "Czyż"
}
],
"word": "czyż"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:True finches"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czyż",
"id": "bird"
},
"expansion": "Polish: czyż",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: czyż"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "czyż"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: czyż",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: czyż"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*čižь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čižь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*čižь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čižь",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "the 15th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 15th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čižь First attested in the 15th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "czyż m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "cyż",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "czyż m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zlw-opl:True finches"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
88,
92
]
],
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 407:",
"text": "In molliter autem asperatis scribatur simplex c sine omni asperacione, ut: Cap, cebula, cisz, id est caix",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 1377:",
"text": "Czysz cayx",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 49r:",
"text": "Ezaix czyz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Eurasian siskin (Spinus spinus)"
],
"links": [
[
"Eurasian siskin",
"Eurasian siskin"
],
[
"Spinus spinus",
"Spinus spinus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) Eurasian siskin (Spinus spinus)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʲiːʃ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃʲiʃ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "czyż"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish interrogative particles",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish particles",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ż",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘʂ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘʂ/1 syllable",
"pl:True finches"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "czyżby"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czy",
"3": "-ż"
},
"expansion": "czy + -ż",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From czy + -ż.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "czyż",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czyż"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "Is it not beautiful?",
"text": "Czyż to nie piękne?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
],
"links": [
[
"yes-no question",
"yes-no question#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphatic) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "azali"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "azaliż"
},
{
"word": "czy"
}
],
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɘʂ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘʂ"
},
{
"homophone": "Czysz"
},
{
"homophone": "Czyż"
}
],
"word": "czyż"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish interrogative particles",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘʂ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘʂ/1 syllable",
"pl:True finches"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bird"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "czyż",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish czyż",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "czyż"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czyż",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czyż.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "czyżyk",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "czyż",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyże",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyża",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyży",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyża",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyże",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "czyżu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "czyże",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"dim": "czyżyk"
},
"expansion": "czyż m animal (diminutive czyżyk)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czyż"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"siskin (any bird of the genus Spinus)"
],
"links": [
[
"siskin",
"siskin"
],
[
"Spinus",
"Spinus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Eurasian siskin (Spinus spinus)"
],
"links": [
[
"Eurasian siskin",
"Eurasian siskin"
],
[
"Spinus spinus",
"Spinus spinus#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czyżyk"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɘʂ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘʂ"
},
{
"homophone": "Czysz"
},
{
"homophone": "Czyż"
}
],
"word": "czyż"
}
Download raw JSONL data for czyż meaning in All languages combined (8.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'czyż m animacy unattested' in 'czyż m animacy unattested'",
"path": [
"czyż"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "czyż",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.