See crucial on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "crucial experiment"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cruciality"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "crucially"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "crucialness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "noncrucial"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "crucial",
"sml": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: crucial (semantic loan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: crucial (semantic loan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "crucial",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: crucial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: crucial"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "cruciale",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: cruciale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: cruciale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "crucial",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: crucial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: crucial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker- (turn)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "crucial"
},
"expansion": "French crucial",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, to bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1706, from French crucial, a medical term for ligaments of the knee (which cross each other), from Latin crux, crucis (“cross”) (English crux), from the Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”).\nThe meaning “decisive, critical” is extended from a logical term, Instantias Crucis, adopted by Francis Bacon in his influential Novum Organum (1620); the notion is of cross fingerboard signposts at forking roads, thus a requirement to choose.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more crucial",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most crucial",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crucial (comparative more crucial, superlative most crucial)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cru‧cial"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cross"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "crux"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "noncrucial"
},
{
"word": "important § Antonyms"
}
],
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"examples": [
{
"text": "The battle of Tali-Ihantala in 1944 is one of the crucial moments in the history of Finland.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "A secure supply of crude oil is crucial for any modern nation, let alone a superpower.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2014 March 7, Nicole Vulser, “Perfume manufacturers must cope with the scarcity of precious supplies”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 190, number 13, page 30:",
"text": "The perfume industry is facing a major problem: maintaining constant levels of quality is crucial, but it is increasingly difficult to obtain a regular supply of all the necessary natural ingredients.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Clarence Green, James Lambert, “Advancing disciplinary literacy through English for academic purposes: Discipline-specific wordlists, collocations and word families for eight secondary subjects”, in Journal of English for Academic Purposes, volume 35, →DOI, page 106:",
"text": "Vocabulary provides a foundation from which grammar, phonology, and morphology emerge, and in a subject area it provides access to conceptual knowledge. Vocabulary selection for pedagogical purposes is therefore crucial.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 October 1, A Falun Dafa practitioner in France, “Using Truthfulness-Compassion-Forbearance to Guide My Young Students”, in Minghui:",
"text": "Language is crucial because it is the best weapon against violence. When children don’t have the words to express their thoughts, they raise their fists.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Essential or decisive for determining the outcome or future of something; extremely important; vital."
],
"id": "en-crucial-en-adj-l2Ks4SJh",
"links": [
[
"Essential",
"essential"
],
[
"decisive",
"decisive"
],
[
"outcome",
"outcome"
],
[
"important",
"important"
],
[
"vital",
"vital"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "important"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥāsim",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "حَاسِم"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rešitelen",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "решителен"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kritičen",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "критичен"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhì guān zhòngyào de",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "至关重要的"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "troboyntel"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "rozhodující"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "kritický"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "afgørende"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "ratkaiseva"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "elintärkeä"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "entscheidend"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "kritisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "ausschlaggebend"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "wichtig"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "krísimos",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "κρίσιμος"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"note": "crucial for determining the future",
"roman": "makhria",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "מכריע"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "he",
"english": "crucial for existence or welfare",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khiuny",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "חיוני"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "sarkalatos"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "cruciale"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "waiwai"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "avgjørende"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "krytyczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "decisiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rešájuščij",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "реша́ющий"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ključevój",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "ключево́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "deatamach"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "avgörande"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyrišálʹnyj",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "виріша́льний"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "krytýčnyj",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "крити́чний"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 0 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "allweddol"
}
]
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],
"glosses": [
"Cruciform or cruciate; cross-shaped."
],
"id": "en-crucial-en-adj-~NHLcLZ1",
"links": [
[
"Cruciform",
"cruciform"
],
[
"cruciate",
"cruciate"
],
[
"cross-shaped",
"cross-shaped"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Cruciform or cruciate; cross-shaped."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "noncruciform"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 89 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krǎstoviden",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "кръстовиден"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "ristinmuotoinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "kreuzförmig"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "cruciforme"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 9",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "حیاتی"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "krzyżowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "cruciform"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 89 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krestoobráznyj",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "крестообра́зный"
}
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "20 35 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 43 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 35 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 35 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Delbert Wilkins is the most crucial pirate radio DJ in Brixton.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Very good; excellent; particularly applied to reggae music."
],
"id": "en-crucial-en-adj--rEEL2Rj",
"links": [
[
"reggae",
"reggae"
],
[
"music",
"music"
]
],
"qualifier": "Bermuda",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, especially Jamaica, Bermuda) Very good; excellent; particularly applied to reggae music."
],
"tags": [
"Jamaica",
"especially",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-crucial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-crucial.ogg/En-au-crucial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-crucial.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːʃəl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Francis Bacon",
"Novum Organum"
],
"word": "crucial"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crucial",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: crucial\n→ French: crucial (semantic loan)\n→ Romanian: crucial\n→ Italian: cruciale\n→ Spanish: crucial",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ English: crucial\n→ French: crucial (semantic loan)\n→ Romanian: crucial\n→ Italian: cruciale\n→ Spanish: crucial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "crux",
"4": "",
"5": "cross"
},
"expansion": "Latin crux (“cross”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "en",
"3": "crucial",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from English crucial",
"name": "semantic loan"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a root of Latin crux (“cross”). The sense of \"crucial\" is a semantic loan from English crucial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cruciale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crucial (feminine cruciale, masculine plural cruciaux, feminine plural cruciales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cruciform"
],
"id": "en-crucial-fr-adj-trv3~-JV",
"links": [
[
"cruciform",
"cruciform"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"crucial, critical, vital"
],
"id": "en-crucial-fr-adj-qQ3~tHCj",
"links": [
[
"crucial",
"crucial#English"
],
[
"critical",
"critical"
],
[
"vital",
"vital"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʁy.sjal/"
}
],
"word": "crucial"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cruciais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crucial m or f (plural cruciais)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cru‧ci‧al"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crucialmente"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, Ram Charan, Know-how: as 8 competências que separam os que fazem dos que não fazem, Elsevier Brasil, →ISBN, page 74:",
"text": "É necessário ter know-how para penetrar no caos organizado que existe na maior parte das empresas e concentrar-se no conjunto de elementos cruciais.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crucial"
],
"id": "en-crucial-pt-adj-Jt11F~Xs",
"links": [
[
"crucial",
"crucial#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɾu.siˈaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾu.sɪˈaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈsjaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾuˈsjaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈsjal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾuˈsjaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈsjal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾuˈsjaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈsja.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "crucial"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "crucial"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French crucial",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French crucial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crucială",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "crucial",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucială",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crucial m or n (feminine singular crucială, masculine plural cruciali, feminine and neuter plural cruciale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pivotal"
],
"id": "en-crucial-ro-adj-KeEWyzyQ",
"links": [
[
"pivotal",
"pivotal"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "crucial"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "en",
"3": "crucial"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English crucial",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English crucial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cruciales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crucial m or f (masculine and feminine plural cruciales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cru‧cial"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crucialmente"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crucial"
],
"id": "en-crucial-es-adj-Jt11F~Xs",
"links": [
[
"crucial",
"crucial#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈθjal/",
"tags": [
"Spain"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾuˈθjal]",
"tags": [
"Spain"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈsjal/",
"tags": [
"Latin-America",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾuˈsjal]",
"tags": [
"Latin-America",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "crucial"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (turn)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uːʃəl",
"Rhymes:English/uːʃəl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crucial experiment"
},
{
"word": "cruciality"
},
{
"word": "crucially"
},
{
"word": "crucialness"
},
{
"word": "noncrucial"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "crucial",
"sml": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: crucial (semantic loan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: crucial (semantic loan)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "crucial",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: crucial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: crucial"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "cruciale",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: cruciale",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: cruciale"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "crucial",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: crucial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: crucial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker- (turn)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "crucial"
},
"expansion": "French crucial",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, to bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "1706, from French crucial, a medical term for ligaments of the knee (which cross each other), from Latin crux, crucis (“cross”) (English crux), from the Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”).\nThe meaning “decisive, critical” is extended from a logical term, Instantias Crucis, adopted by Francis Bacon in his influential Novum Organum (1620); the notion is of cross fingerboard signposts at forking roads, thus a requirement to choose.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more crucial",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most crucial",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crucial (comparative more crucial, superlative most crucial)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cru‧cial"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "cross"
},
{
"word": "crux"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "noncrucial"
},
{
"word": "important § Antonyms"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The battle of Tali-Ihantala in 1944 is one of the crucial moments in the history of Finland.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "A secure supply of crude oil is crucial for any modern nation, let alone a superpower.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2014 March 7, Nicole Vulser, “Perfume manufacturers must cope with the scarcity of precious supplies”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 190, number 13, page 30:",
"text": "The perfume industry is facing a major problem: maintaining constant levels of quality is crucial, but it is increasingly difficult to obtain a regular supply of all the necessary natural ingredients.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Clarence Green, James Lambert, “Advancing disciplinary literacy through English for academic purposes: Discipline-specific wordlists, collocations and word families for eight secondary subjects”, in Journal of English for Academic Purposes, volume 35, →DOI, page 106:",
"text": "Vocabulary provides a foundation from which grammar, phonology, and morphology emerge, and in a subject area it provides access to conceptual knowledge. Vocabulary selection for pedagogical purposes is therefore crucial.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 October 1, A Falun Dafa practitioner in France, “Using Truthfulness-Compassion-Forbearance to Guide My Young Students”, in Minghui:",
"text": "Language is crucial because it is the best weapon against violence. When children don’t have the words to express their thoughts, they raise their fists.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Essential or decisive for determining the outcome or future of something; extremely important; vital."
],
"links": [
[
"Essential",
"essential"
],
[
"decisive",
"decisive"
],
[
"outcome",
"outcome"
],
[
"important",
"important"
],
[
"vital",
"vital"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "important"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Cruciform or cruciate; cross-shaped."
],
"links": [
[
"Cruciform",
"cruciform"
],
[
"cruciate",
"cruciate"
],
[
"cross-shaped",
"cross-shaped"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Cruciform or cruciate; cross-shaped."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "noncruciform"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bermudian English",
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Jamaican English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Delbert Wilkins is the most crucial pirate radio DJ in Brixton.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Very good; excellent; particularly applied to reggae music."
],
"links": [
[
"reggae",
"reggae"
],
[
"music",
"music"
]
],
"qualifier": "Bermuda",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, especially Jamaica, Bermuda) Very good; excellent; particularly applied to reggae music."
],
"tags": [
"Jamaica",
"especially",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-crucial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/En-au-crucial.ogg/En-au-crucial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/En-au-crucial.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːʃəl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥāsim",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "حَاسِم"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "rešitelen",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "решителен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kritičen",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "критичен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhì guān zhòngyào de",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "至关重要的"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "troboyntel"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "rozhodující"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "kritický"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "afgørende"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "ratkaiseva"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "elintärkeä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "entscheidend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "kritisch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "ausschlaggebend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "wichtig"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "krísimos",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "κρίσιμος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"note": "crucial for determining the future",
"roman": "makhria",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "מכריע"
},
{
"code": "he",
"english": "crucial for existence or welfare",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khiuny",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "חיוני"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "sarkalatos"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "cruciale"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "waiwai"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "avgjørende"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "krytyczny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "decisiv"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rešájuščij",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "реша́ющий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ključevój",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "ключево́й"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "deatamach"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "avgörande"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vyrišálʹnyj",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "виріша́льний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "krytýčnyj",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "крити́чний"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "extremely important",
"word": "allweddol"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krǎstoviden",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "кръстовиден"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "ristinmuotoinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "kreuzförmig"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "cruciforme"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "حیاتی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "krzyżowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "crucial"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "cruciform"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "krestoobráznyj",
"sense": "cross-shaped",
"word": "крестообра́зный"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Francis Bacon",
"Novum Organum"
],
"word": "crucial"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French semantic loans from English",
"French terms derived from English",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crucial",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: crucial\n→ French: crucial (semantic loan)\n→ Romanian: crucial\n→ Italian: cruciale\n→ Spanish: crucial",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ English: crucial\n→ French: crucial (semantic loan)\n→ Romanian: crucial\n→ Italian: cruciale\n→ Spanish: crucial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "crux",
"4": "",
"5": "cross"
},
"expansion": "Latin crux (“cross”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "en",
"3": "crucial",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from English crucial",
"name": "semantic loan"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a root of Latin crux (“cross”). The sense of \"crucial\" is a semantic loan from English crucial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cruciale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crucial (feminine cruciale, masculine plural cruciaux, feminine plural cruciales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cruciform"
],
"links": [
[
"cruciform",
"cruciform"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"crucial, critical, vital"
],
"links": [
[
"crucial",
"crucial#English"
],
[
"critical",
"critical"
],
[
"vital",
"vital"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʁy.sjal/"
}
],
"word": "crucial"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "crucialmente"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "cruciais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crucial m or f (plural cruciais)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cru‧ci‧al"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese adjectives",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Portuguese quotations",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al/3 syllables",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/3 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007, Ram Charan, Know-how: as 8 competências que separam os que fazem dos que não fazem, Elsevier Brasil, →ISBN, page 74:",
"text": "É necessário ter know-how para penetrar no caos organizado que existe na maior parte das empresas e concentrar-se no conjunto de elementos cruciais.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crucial"
],
"links": [
[
"crucial",
"crucial#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɾu.siˈaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾu.sɪˈaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈsjaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾuˈsjaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈsjal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾuˈsjaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈsjal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾuˈsjaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈsja.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "crucial"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "crucial"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French crucial",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French crucial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crucială",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "crucial",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucială",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cruciale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crucialelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crucial m or n (feminine singular crucială, masculine plural cruciali, feminine and neuter plural cruciale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian adjectives",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French"
],
"glosses": [
"pivotal"
],
"links": [
[
"pivotal",
"pivotal"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "crucial"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "crucialmente"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "en",
"3": "crucial"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English crucial",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English crucial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cruciales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crucial m or f (masculine and feminine plural cruciales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cru‧cial"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/al",
"Rhymes:Spanish/al/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish adjectives",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish epicene adjectives",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish terms borrowed from English",
"Spanish terms derived from English",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"crucial"
],
"links": [
[
"crucial",
"crucial#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈθjal/",
"tags": [
"Spain"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾuˈθjal]",
"tags": [
"Spain"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɾuˈsjal/",
"tags": [
"Latin-America",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɾuˈsjal]",
"tags": [
"Latin-America",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "crucial"
}
Download raw JSONL data for crucial meaning in All languages combined (18.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"crucial"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "crucial",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"crucial"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "crucial",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"crucial"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "crucial",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"crucial"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "crucial",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/20250113b",
"msg": "Rowspan 999 over 30, set to 1",
"path": [
"crucial"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "crucial",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.