See cower on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for cower meaning in All languages combined (12.7kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "couren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English couren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cowre"
},
"expansion": "cowre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kûren",
"t": "to lie in wait; linger"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kúra",
"3": "",
"4": "to doze"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kúra (“to doze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kauern",
"t": "to squat"
},
"expansion": "German kauern (“to squat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "koeren",
"3": "",
"4": "to keep watch (in a cowered position)"
},
"expansion": "Dutch koeren (“to keep watch (in a cowered position)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kutriti",
"t": "to lie in a bent position"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian kutriti (“to lie in a bent position”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kura",
"t": "huddle, cower"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kura (“huddle, cower”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coward"
},
"expansion": "coward",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English couren, cowre, from Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”) or from North Germanic (Icelandic kúra (“to doze”)). Cognate with German kauern (“to squat”), Dutch koeren (“to keep watch (in a cowered position)”), Serbo-Croatian kutriti (“to lie in a bent position”), Swedish kura (“huddle, cower”). Unrelated to coward, which is of Latin origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cowers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cowering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cowered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cowered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cower (third-person singular simple present cowers, present participle cowering, simple past and past participle cowered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "coward"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cowardice"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "78 8 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 2 41 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fear",
"orig": "en:Fear",
"parents": [
"Emotions",
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He'd be useless in war. He'd just cower in his bunker until the enemy came in and shot him, or until the war was over.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1700, John Dryden, \"The Cock and the Fox\", in Fables, Ancient and Modern, published March 1700",
"text": "Our dame sits cowering o'er a kitchen fire."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To crouch or cringe, or to avoid or shy away from something, in fear."
],
"id": "en-cower-en-verb-WRyRn2Dq",
"links": [
[
"crouch",
"crouch"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To crouch or cringe, or to avoid or shy away from something, in fear."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1764, Oliver Goldsmith, The Traveller",
"text": "Some sterner virtues o’er the mountain’s breast\nMay sit, like falcons, cowering on the nest",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To crouch in general."
],
"id": "en-cower-en-verb-FiaATzuI",
"links": [
[
"crouch",
"crouch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, archaic) To crouch in general."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895, Annual Report of the Bureau of Labor and Industry of Kansas",
"text": "This done, their doubts will vanish, and they will stand confronted by an object lesson which must have the effect either to arouse them to a determination to banish despotism from the land, or cower them into submission and servitude.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, DJ Birmingham, The Queen's Tale: The Struggle for the Survival of Ireland, page 170",
"text": "My spirit will cower them and make them wish they had never risen up against me.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Marilyn Brown Oden, The Dead Saint",
"text": "A vicious Mafia threat intended to cower him—but the chief doesn't cower.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to cower; to frighten into submission."
],
"id": "en-cower-en-verb-pXdvYD9d",
"links": [
[
"frighten",
"frighten"
],
[
"submission",
"submission"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause to cower; to frighten into submission."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ.ə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cower.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svivam se",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "свивам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "treperja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "треперя"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "encongir-se"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "抖縮"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǒusuō",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "抖缩"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "退縮"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuìsuō",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "退缩"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krčit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "in elkaar duiken"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "ineenkrimpen"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kyyristellä"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kyyristyä"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "karttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kartella"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "se recroqueviller"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "se tapir"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kauern"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "ängstlich hocken"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kataptḗssō",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "καταπτήσσω"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "cúb"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "creathnaigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"alt": "うずくまる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "uzukumaru",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "踞る"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ifu suru",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "畏怖する"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "whakamaoko"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "hūiki"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "whakaririka"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "couren"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krype sammen"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krympe seg"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krype saman"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krympe seg"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "s’amatar"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "s’acaptar"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "s’aglatir"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "pusmak",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "پوصمق"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kulić się"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "skulać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skulić się"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przycupnąć"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "encolher"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sʺjóživatʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "съёживаться"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sʺjóžitʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "съёжиться"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sžimátʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сжима́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sžátʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сжа́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zabivátʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "забива́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zabítʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "заби́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "skutriti se"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kutriti"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "encogerse"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "amilanarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kura"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 50 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krypa ihop"
}
],
"word": "cower"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cowers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cowering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cowered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cowered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cower (third-person singular simple present cowers, present participle cowering, simple past and past participle cowered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To cherish with care."
],
"id": "en-cower-en-verb-9skTvcUu",
"links": [
[
"cherish",
"cherish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To cherish with care."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ.ə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cower.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "cower"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle Low German",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ.ə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ.ə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"en:Fear"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "couren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English couren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cowre"
},
"expansion": "cowre",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kûren",
"t": "to lie in wait; linger"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kúra",
"3": "",
"4": "to doze"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kúra (“to doze”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kauern",
"t": "to squat"
},
"expansion": "German kauern (“to squat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "koeren",
"3": "",
"4": "to keep watch (in a cowered position)"
},
"expansion": "Dutch koeren (“to keep watch (in a cowered position)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "kutriti",
"t": "to lie in a bent position"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian kutriti (“to lie in a bent position”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kura",
"t": "huddle, cower"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kura (“huddle, cower”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coward"
},
"expansion": "coward",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English couren, cowre, from Middle Low German kûren (“to lie in wait; linger”) or from North Germanic (Icelandic kúra (“to doze”)). Cognate with German kauern (“to squat”), Dutch koeren (“to keep watch (in a cowered position)”), Serbo-Croatian kutriti (“to lie in a bent position”), Swedish kura (“huddle, cower”). Unrelated to coward, which is of Latin origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cowers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cowering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cowered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cowered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cower (third-person singular simple present cowers, present participle cowering, simple past and past participle cowered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "coward"
},
{
"word": "cowardice"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He'd be useless in war. He'd just cower in his bunker until the enemy came in and shot him, or until the war was over.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1700, John Dryden, \"The Cock and the Fox\", in Fables, Ancient and Modern, published March 1700",
"text": "Our dame sits cowering o'er a kitchen fire."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To crouch or cringe, or to avoid or shy away from something, in fear."
],
"links": [
[
"crouch",
"crouch"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To crouch or cringe, or to avoid or shy away from something, in fear."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1764, Oliver Goldsmith, The Traveller",
"text": "Some sterner virtues o’er the mountain’s breast\nMay sit, like falcons, cowering on the nest",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To crouch in general."
],
"links": [
[
"crouch",
"crouch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, archaic) To crouch in general."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895, Annual Report of the Bureau of Labor and Industry of Kansas",
"text": "This done, their doubts will vanish, and they will stand confronted by an object lesson which must have the effect either to arouse them to a determination to banish despotism from the land, or cower them into submission and servitude.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, DJ Birmingham, The Queen's Tale: The Struggle for the Survival of Ireland, page 170",
"text": "My spirit will cower them and make them wish they had never risen up against me.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Marilyn Brown Oden, The Dead Saint",
"text": "A vicious Mafia threat intended to cower him—but the chief doesn't cower.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to cower; to frighten into submission."
],
"links": [
[
"frighten",
"frighten"
],
[
"submission",
"submission"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause to cower; to frighten into submission."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ.ə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cower.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svivam se",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "свивам се"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "treperja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "треперя"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "encongir-se"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "抖縮"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dǒusuō",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "抖缩"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "退縮"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuìsuō",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "退缩"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krčit se"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "in elkaar duiken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "ineenkrimpen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kyyristellä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kyyristyä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "karttaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kartella"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "se recroqueviller"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "se tapir"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kauern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "ängstlich hocken"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kataptḗssō",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "καταπτήσσω"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "cúb"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "creathnaigh"
},
{
"alt": "うずくまる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "uzukumaru",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "踞る"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ifu suru",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "畏怖する"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "whakamaoko"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "hūiki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "whakaririka"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "couren"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krype sammen"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krympe seg"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krype saman"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krympe seg"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "s’amatar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "s’acaptar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "s’aglatir"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "pusmak",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "پوصمق"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kulić się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "skulać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skulić się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przycupnąć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "encolher"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sʺjóživatʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "съёживаться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sʺjóžitʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "съёжиться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sžimátʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сжима́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sžátʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сжа́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zabivátʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "забива́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zabítʹsja",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "заби́ться"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "skutriti se"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kutriti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "encogerse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "amilanarse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "kura"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to crouch in fear",
"word": "krypa ihop"
}
],
"word": "cower"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ.ə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ.ə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"en:Fear"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cowers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cowering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cowered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cowered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cower (third-person singular simple present cowers, present participle cowering, simple past and past participle cowered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To cherish with care."
],
"links": [
[
"cherish",
"cherish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, transitive) To cherish with care."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaʊə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ.ə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cower.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cower.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "cower"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.