See cenél on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cineál"
},
"expansion": "Irish: cineál",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: cineál"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "cineal"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: cineal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: cineal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ken-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kenetlom",
"4": "",
"5": "race, nation"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kenetlom (“race, nation”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kenetlom (“race, nation”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ceníuil",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéuil",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéoil",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéla",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-neut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéuil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceníuil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéoil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cenélaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cenélaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chenél",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "cenéoil",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "cenél",
"15": "or",
"16": "cenéla",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "ceníuil",
"7": "or",
"8": "cenéuil",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cenél n (genitive ceníuil or cenéuil or cenéoil, nominative plural cenél or cenéla)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "ceníuil",
"3": "~",
"gen2": "cenéuil",
"gen3": "cenéoil",
"pl2": "~a"
},
"expansion": "cenél n (genitive ceníuil or cenéuil or cenéoil, nominative plural cenél or cenéla)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cenéuil",
"dat_sg": "cenéul",
"gen_sg2": "ceníuil",
"gen_sg3": "cenéoil"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-neut"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cenél+N",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "cenél+L",
"acc_pl2": "cenéla",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cenél+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-n",
"dat_du": "cenélaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "cenélaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cenéul+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cenél",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cenél+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cenéuil+L",
"gen_sg2": "ceníuil",
"gen_sg3": "cenéoil",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cenél+N",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "cenél+L",
"nom_pl2": "cenéla",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cenél+N",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cenél+N",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "cenél+L",
"voc_pl2": "cenéla",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cenél+N",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 18 8 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
66,
70
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
59,
65
]
],
"english": "Put away from you sg the sweet foods, and consume those that your race consumes, so that it may not be he who is indulgent to you.",
"text": "Léic úait inna biada milsi et tomil innahí-siu do·mmeil do chenél arnáp hésom con·éit détso.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race (group of people set apart from others on the basis of a common heritage)"
],
"id": "en-cenél-sga-noun-gRIuTAXU",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 18 8 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
55,
61
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
36,
43
]
],
"english": "till all the Gentiles are saved, or a portion of every nation",
"text": "ɔ·ríctar huili genti ꝉ drécht caich ceníuil",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
4,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
13
]
],
"english": "The peoples whom he has routed, he has subjugated them to his praise and to his worship.",
"text": "Inna c{h}enél fo·rrorbris, fos·roammámigestar dïa molad ⁊ dïa adrad.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nation, people (group of persons forming or belonging to a particular nation etc.)"
],
"id": "en-cenél-sga-noun-JYuZxa9b",
"links": [
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"kind (type, race, or category)"
],
"id": "en-cenél-sga-noun-Wkl8Ix-4",
"links": [
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "sga:Grammar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 14 6 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 18 8 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 23 4 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"english": "Every gender can say it.",
"text": "At·robair cach cenél.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gender"
],
"id": "en-cenél-sga-noun-3p~q6otm",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) gender"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʲenʲeːl]"
}
],
"word": "cenél"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish neuter nouns",
"Old Irish neuter o-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ken-",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cineál"
},
"expansion": "Irish: cineál",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: cineál"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "cineal"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: cineal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: cineal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ken-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kenetlom",
"4": "",
"5": "race, nation"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kenetlom (“race, nation”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kenetlom (“race, nation”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ceníuil",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéuil",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéoil",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéla",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-neut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéuil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ceníuil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéoil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cenéul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cenélaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cenélaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chenél",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "cenél",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "cenéoil",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "cenél",
"15": "or",
"16": "cenéla",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "ceníuil",
"7": "or",
"8": "cenéuil",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cenél n (genitive ceníuil or cenéuil or cenéoil, nominative plural cenél or cenéla)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "ceníuil",
"3": "~",
"gen2": "cenéuil",
"gen3": "cenéoil",
"pl2": "~a"
},
"expansion": "cenél n (genitive ceníuil or cenéuil or cenéoil, nominative plural cenél or cenéla)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cenéuil",
"dat_sg": "cenéul",
"gen_sg2": "ceníuil",
"gen_sg3": "cenéoil"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-neut"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cenél+N",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "cenél+L",
"acc_pl2": "cenéla",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cenél+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-n",
"dat_du": "cenélaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "cenélaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cenéul+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cenél",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cenél+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cenéuil+L",
"gen_sg2": "ceníuil",
"gen_sg3": "cenéoil",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cenél+N",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "cenél+L",
"nom_pl2": "cenéla",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cenél+N",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cenél+N",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "cenél+L",
"voc_pl2": "cenéla",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cenél+N",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
66,
70
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
59,
65
]
],
"english": "Put away from you sg the sweet foods, and consume those that your race consumes, so that it may not be he who is indulgent to you.",
"text": "Léic úait inna biada milsi et tomil innahí-siu do·mmeil do chenél arnáp hésom con·éit détso.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"race (group of people set apart from others on the basis of a common heritage)"
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
55,
61
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
36,
43
]
],
"english": "till all the Gentiles are saved, or a portion of every nation",
"text": "ɔ·ríctar huili genti ꝉ drécht caich ceníuil",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
4,
11
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
13
]
],
"english": "The peoples whom he has routed, he has subjugated them to his praise and to his worship.",
"text": "Inna c{h}enél fo·rrorbris, fos·roammámigestar dïa molad ⁊ dïa adrad.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nation, people (group of persons forming or belonging to a particular nation etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"kind (type, race, or category)"
],
"links": [
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations",
"sga:Grammar"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
6,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"english": "Every gender can say it.",
"text": "At·robair cach cenél.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gender"
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) gender"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʲenʲeːl]"
}
],
"word": "cenél"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cenél meaning in All languages combined (6.8kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cenél/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cenél"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cenél",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"cenél"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cenél",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"cenél"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cenél",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for cenél",
"path": [
"cenél"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cenél",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (c3cc510 and 1d3fdbf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.