See cefn on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "in addition to, as a consequence of, with regard to; at the expense of; on top, upon, up to",
"word": "ar gefn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "red-backed",
"word": "cefngoch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "mid-harvest; prime of life",
"word": "cefn cynhaeaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cefn dydd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "midday, broad daylight",
"word": "cefn dydd golau"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "successful man, man of substance",
"word": "cefn dyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "uppers; of a boot",
"word": "cefn esgid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cefn gefn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "back to back, addorsed; at variance",
"word": "cefngefn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "mid-ocean",
"word": "cefn gweilgi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "mid-country, heart of the countryside",
"word": "cefn gwlad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "back of the hand; back-hander",
"word": "cefn llaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "full moon; crescent of the moon, half moon",
"word": "cefn lloer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cefn nos"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "midnight, dead of night",
"word": "cefn y nos"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "instep",
"word": "cefn troed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "rearguard",
"word": "cefn y drin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "black-backed",
"word": "cefnddu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "backed, having a back; strong, stout brave",
"word": "cefnog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "forsake, abandon, back off",
"word": "cefnu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "fullback",
"topics": [
"rugby",
"ball-games",
"games",
"sports",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "cefnwr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "white-backed",
"word": "cefnwyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "green-backed",
"word": "cefnwyrdd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "nape",
"word": "gwarcefn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "in reserve; following, in support",
"word": "wrth gefn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "behind one's back, underhand; following, pursuing",
"word": "yng nghefn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "keuen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh keuen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kein",
"3": "",
"4": "back"
},
"expansion": "Breton kein (“back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "keyn",
"3": "",
"4": "back"
},
"expansion": "Cornish keyn (“back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "Cebenna",
"3": "",
"4": "ridge, height"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish Cebenna (“ridge, height”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Cévennes"
},
"expansion": "French Cévennes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh keuen. Related to Breton kein (“back”), Cornish keyn (“back”), Gaulish Cebenna (“ridge, height”) (whence French Cévennes).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cefnau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cefnoedd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cefnydd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cefn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "gefn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghefn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chefn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "cefnau",
"pl2": "cefnoedd",
"pl3": "cefnydd"
},
"expansion": "cefn m (plural cefnau or cefnoedd or cefnydd)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "furrow",
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "rhych"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "cy:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"back, rear"
],
"id": "en-cefn-cy-noun-cpHpPUkc",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"rear",
"rear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) back, rear"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "cy:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"back, rear",
"back, support"
],
"id": "en-cefn-cy-noun-smrY6Yxy",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"rear",
"rear"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) back, rear",
"(figuratively) back, support"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cefnogaeth"
},
{
"word": "cynorthwywr"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "cy:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ridge",
"ridge (ploughed land between two parallel furrows)"
],
"id": "en-cefn-cy-noun-KyGLJ3BT",
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"furrow",
"furrow#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"ridge",
"(agriculture) ridge (ploughed land between two parallel furrows)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trum"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "cy:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 21 26 11 19 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 10 48 10 13 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 15 34 9 20 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ridge",
"vertical furrow, fissure or fault in a rock"
],
"id": "en-cefn-cy-noun-5itrfof-",
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"furrow",
"furrow"
],
[
"fissure",
"fissure"
],
[
"fault",
"fault"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"ridge",
"(geology) vertical furrow, fissure or fault in a rock"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trum"
},
{
"word": "agen"
},
{
"word": "hollt"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ridge",
"garden bed"
],
"id": "en-cefn-cy-noun-GQ-OAOeI",
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"garden",
"garden"
],
[
"bed",
"bed"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trum"
},
{
"word": "gwely gardd"
},
{
"word": "talwrn"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Bible",
"orig": "cy:Bible",
"parents": [
"Books",
"Christianity",
"Judaism",
"Literature",
"Mass media",
"Abrahamism",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Media",
"Religion",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ridge",
"furlong (unit of length equivalent to a stadion)"
],
"id": "en-cefn-cy-noun-cgvL1OT4",
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"biblical",
"Bible"
],
[
"furlong",
"furlong"
],
[
"stadion",
"stadion#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"ridge",
"(biblical) furlong (unit of length equivalent to a stadion)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trum"
},
{
"word": "ystad"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biblical",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"middle, center"
],
"id": "en-cefn-cy-noun-hB9ZxNnF",
"links": [
[
"middle",
"middle"
],
[
"center",
"center"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "canol"
},
{
"word": "craidd"
},
{
"word": "perfedd"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɛvn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"South-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʰɛvn̩]",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"South-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkeːvɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɛvɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛvn"
}
],
"word": "cefn"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ɛvn",
"Rhymes:Welsh/ɛvn/1 syllable",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "in addition to, as a consequence of, with regard to; at the expense of; on top, upon, up to",
"word": "ar gefn"
},
{
"english": "red-backed",
"word": "cefngoch"
},
{
"english": "mid-harvest; prime of life",
"word": "cefn cynhaeaf"
},
{
"word": "cefn dydd"
},
{
"english": "midday, broad daylight",
"word": "cefn dydd golau"
},
{
"english": "successful man, man of substance",
"word": "cefn dyn"
},
{
"english": "uppers; of a boot",
"word": "cefn esgid"
},
{
"word": "cefn gefn"
},
{
"english": "back to back, addorsed; at variance",
"word": "cefngefn"
},
{
"english": "mid-ocean",
"word": "cefn gweilgi"
},
{
"english": "mid-country, heart of the countryside",
"word": "cefn gwlad"
},
{
"english": "back of the hand; back-hander",
"word": "cefn llaw"
},
{
"english": "full moon; crescent of the moon, half moon",
"word": "cefn lloer"
},
{
"word": "cefn nos"
},
{
"english": "midnight, dead of night",
"word": "cefn y nos"
},
{
"english": "instep",
"word": "cefn troed"
},
{
"english": "rearguard",
"word": "cefn y drin"
},
{
"english": "black-backed",
"word": "cefnddu"
},
{
"english": "backed, having a back; strong, stout brave",
"word": "cefnog"
},
{
"english": "forsake, abandon, back off",
"word": "cefnu"
},
{
"english": "fullback",
"topics": [
"rugby",
"ball-games",
"games",
"sports",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "cefnwr"
},
{
"english": "white-backed",
"word": "cefnwyn"
},
{
"english": "green-backed",
"word": "cefnwyrdd"
},
{
"english": "nape",
"word": "gwarcefn"
},
{
"english": "in reserve; following, in support",
"word": "wrth gefn"
},
{
"english": "behind one's back, underhand; following, pursuing",
"word": "yng nghefn"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "keuen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh keuen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "kein",
"3": "",
"4": "back"
},
"expansion": "Breton kein (“back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "keyn",
"3": "",
"4": "back"
},
"expansion": "Cornish keyn (“back”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "Cebenna",
"3": "",
"4": "ridge, height"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish Cebenna (“ridge, height”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "Cévennes"
},
"expansion": "French Cévennes",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh keuen. Related to Breton kein (“back”), Cornish keyn (“back”), Gaulish Cebenna (“ridge, height”) (whence French Cévennes).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cefnau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cefnoedd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cefnydd",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cefn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "gefn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghefn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-nasal"
]
},
{
"form": "chefn",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "cefnau",
"pl2": "cefnoedd",
"pl3": "cefnydd"
},
"expansion": "cefn m (plural cefnau or cefnoedd or cefnydd)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "furrow",
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "rhych"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"cy:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"back, rear"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"rear",
"rear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) back, rear"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"back, rear",
"back, support"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"back",
"back"
],
[
"rear",
"rear"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) back, rear",
"(figuratively) back, support"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cefnogaeth"
},
{
"word": "cynorthwywr"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Agriculture"
],
"glosses": [
"ridge",
"ridge (ploughed land between two parallel furrows)"
],
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"furrow",
"furrow#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"ridge",
"(agriculture) ridge (ploughed land between two parallel furrows)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trum"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"ridge",
"vertical furrow, fissure or fault in a rock"
],
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"furrow",
"furrow"
],
[
"fissure",
"fissure"
],
[
"fault",
"fault"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"ridge",
"(geology) vertical furrow, fissure or fault in a rock"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trum"
},
{
"word": "agen"
},
{
"word": "hollt"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ridge",
"garden bed"
],
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"garden",
"garden"
],
[
"bed",
"bed"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trum"
},
{
"word": "gwely gardd"
},
{
"word": "talwrn"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"cy:Bible"
],
"glosses": [
"ridge",
"furlong (unit of length equivalent to a stadion)"
],
"links": [
[
"ridge",
"ridge"
],
[
"biblical",
"Bible"
],
[
"furlong",
"furlong"
],
[
"stadion",
"stadion#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"ridge",
"(biblical) furlong (unit of length equivalent to a stadion)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trum"
},
{
"word": "ystad"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biblical",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"middle, center"
],
"links": [
[
"middle",
"middle"
],
[
"center",
"center"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "canol"
},
{
"word": "craidd"
},
{
"word": "perfedd"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɛvn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"South-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʰɛvn̩]",
"tags": [
"North-Wales",
"South-Wales",
"colloquial",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkeːvɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɛvɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛvn"
}
],
"word": "cefn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cefn meaning in All languages combined (6.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: gefn, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"cefn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cefn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: nghefn, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"cefn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cefn",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: chefn, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"cefn"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cefn",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.