See cebula on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cebula"
},
"expansion": "Polish: cebula, cybula, czybula (Middle Polish)\n→ Old Ruthenian: цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja), цебу́лꙗ (cebúlja), цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja)\nBelarusian: цыбу́ля (cybúlja)\nCarpathian Rusyn: цибу́ля (cybúlja)\nUkrainian: цибу́ля (cybúlja); цебу́ля (cebúlja) (dialectal)\n→ Russian: цибу́ля (cibúlja) (dialectal)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Polish: cebula, cybula, czybula (Middle Polish)\n→ Old Ruthenian: цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja), цебу́лꙗ (cebúlja), цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja)\nBelarusian: цыбу́ля (cybúlja)\nCarpathian Rusyn: цибу́ля (cybúlja)\nUkrainian: цибу́ля (cybúlja); цебу́ля (cebúlja) (dialectal)\n→ Russian: цибу́ля (cibúlja) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "cebula",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: cebula, cybula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: cebula, cybula"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "la"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "zibolle, zebülle, zwibole"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle High German zibolle, zebülle, zwibole",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "cēpulla"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin cēpulla",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1419"
},
"expansion": "1419",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1419"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1419",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German zibolle, zebülle, zwibole, from Late Latin cēpulla. First attested in 1419.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cybula",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cebula f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "biała cebula"
},
{
"word": "cebula morska"
},
{
"word": "cebula zamorska"
},
{
"word": "czyrwona cebula"
},
{
"word": "gorzka cebula"
},
{
"word": "psia cebula"
},
{
"word": "wilcza cebula"
},
{
"word": "włoska cebula"
},
{
"word": "świerzepia cebula"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1920 [1435], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume III, number 1374, Zakroczym:",
"text": "Iakom ya ne porwala Ondrzeyowi czibuli z gego ogroda",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 4:",
"text": "Dzeszanczina s pełna ma dana bicz wyiąwszi rzepą, mak, kapustą, cybulyą",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [1478], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 1927:",
"text": "Czibula cepe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [1484], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 5966:",
"text": "Cybula cepe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [1484], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 5967:",
"text": "Czibula cepe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [1464], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 4772:",
"text": "Czebula cepe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [c. 1465], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 3915:",
"text": "Czebula ffanula",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 407:",
"text": "In molliter autem asperatis scribatur simplex c sine omni asperacione, ut: cap, cebula, cisz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 539:",
"text": "Czebula cepa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [c. 1500], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 7105:",
"text": "Czebula cepe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 26r:",
"text": "Cepe ein zwyfel, cepa idem est czebula",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"onion (Allium cepa)"
],
"id": "en-cebula-zlw-opl-noun-X~JUiDfk",
"links": [
[
"onion",
"onion"
],
[
"Allium cepa",
"Allium cepa#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) onion (Allium cepa)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛbulʲa/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛbulʲa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "cebula"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebulasty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebulowaty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebula siedmiolatka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebulactwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebulanka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebularz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebulica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebulowa"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "цибу́лꙗ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Ruthenian: цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja), цебу́лꙗ (cebúlja), цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja)\nBelarusian: цыбу́ля (cybúlja)\nCarpathian Rusyn: цибу́ля (cybúlja)\nUkrainian: цибу́ля (cybúlja); цебу́ля (cebúlja) (dialectal)\n→ Russian: цибу́ля (cibúlja) (dialectal)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Ruthenian: цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja), цебу́лꙗ (cebúlja), цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja)\nBelarusian: цыбу́ля (cybúlja)\nCarpathian Rusyn: цибу́ля (cybúlja)\nUkrainian: цибу́ля (cybúlja); цебу́ля (cebúlja) (dialectal)\n→ Russian: цибу́ля (cibúlja) (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "LL.",
"4": "la"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cebula",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish cebula",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cebula"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish cebula",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish cebula.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cebulka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cebula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cybula",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "czybula",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "cebulowy",
"dim": "cebulka"
},
"expansion": "cebula f (diminutive cebulka, related adjective cebulowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ce‧bu‧la"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "cebul/cebuli"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebulkowaty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebulkowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cebulowatość"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 8 22 5 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 5 21 3 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 10 28 2 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 12 29 2 10 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 12 30 2 10 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 14 14 2 5 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Alliums",
"orig": "pl:Alliums",
"parents": [
"Amaryllis family plants",
"Root vegetables",
"Spices and herbs",
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Vegetables",
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 21 20 4 11 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Root vegetables",
"orig": "pl:Root vegetables",
"parents": [
"Vegetables",
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 17 34 3 13 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Eye",
"orig": "pl:Eye",
"parents": [
"Face",
"Vision",
"Head and neck",
"Senses",
"Body parts",
"Perception",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"onion (Allium cepa)"
],
"id": "en-cebula-pl-noun-pl:plant",
"links": [
[
"onion",
"onion"
],
[
"Allium cepa",
"Allium cepa#Translingual"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:plant"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 17 34 3 13 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Eye",
"orig": "pl:Eye",
"parents": [
"Face",
"Vision",
"Head and neck",
"Senses",
"Body parts",
"Perception",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"onion (bulb of this vegetable)"
],
"id": "en-cebula-pl-noun-pl:bulb",
"links": [
[
"onion",
"onion"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:bulb"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "pl:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "27 15 38 3 11 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 17 34 3 13 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Eye",
"orig": "pl:Eye",
"parents": [
"Face",
"Vision",
"Head and neck",
"Senses",
"Body parts",
"Perception",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "tulip bulb",
"text": "cebula tulipana",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bulb (bulb-shaped root)"
],
"id": "en-cebula-pl-noun-UkpLd~8B",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"bulb",
"bulb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) bulb (bulb-shaped root)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Architectural elements",
"orig": "pl:Architectural elements",
"parents": [
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"onion-shaped dome of a building"
],
"id": "en-cebula-pl-noun-W2DBZgrl",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"onion",
"onion"
],
[
"dome",
"dome"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) onion-shaped dome of a building"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 5 10 3 58 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Clocks",
"orig": "pl:Clocks",
"parents": [
"Machines",
"Timekeeping",
"Technology",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 17 34 3 13 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Eye",
"orig": "pl:Eye",
"parents": [
"Face",
"Vision",
"Head and neck",
"Senses",
"Body parts",
"Perception",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 9 6 74 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Timekeeping",
"orig": "pl:Timekeeping",
"parents": [
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turnip (old-fashioned pocket watch)"
],
"id": "en-cebula-pl-noun-zW~nu3Ag",
"links": [
[
"turnip",
"turnip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) turnip (old-fashioned pocket watch)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Borderlands Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of oko"
],
"id": "en-cebula-pl-noun-dYDMGSaq",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"oko",
"oko#Polish"
]
],
"qualifier": "Southern Borderlands",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Southern Borderlands, Kamianets-Podilskyi, derogatory, Drohobych) Synonym of oko"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "oko"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛˈbu.la/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛˈbu.la/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɛˈbu.lʲa]",
"note": "Southern Borderlands"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ula"
},
{
"homophone": "Cebula"
}
],
"word": "cebula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "LL.",
"4": "la"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cebula",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish cebula",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cebula"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish cebula",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish cebula.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cebulka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tooltip",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cebula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulōw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulã",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulōma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cybula",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "cebulowy",
"dim": "cebulka"
},
"expansion": "cebula f (diminutive cebulka, related adjective cebulowy)",
"name": "szl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ce‧bu‧la"
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "szl",
"name": "Alliums",
"orig": "szl:Alliums",
"parents": [
"Amaryllis family plants",
"Root vegetables",
"Spices and herbs",
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Vegetables",
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "szl",
"name": "Eye",
"orig": "szl:Eye",
"parents": [
"Face",
"Vision",
"Head and neck",
"Senses",
"Body parts",
"Perception",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "szl",
"name": "Root vegetables",
"orig": "szl:Root vegetables",
"parents": [
"Vegetables",
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cebulŏrka"
},
{
"word": "cebulŏrz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"onion (Allium cepa)"
],
"id": "en-cebula-szl-noun-X~JUiDfk",
"links": [
[
"onion",
"onion"
],
[
"Allium cepa",
"Allium cepa#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cwibel"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛˈbu.la/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ula"
}
],
"word": "cebula"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "biała cebula"
},
{
"word": "cebula morska"
},
{
"word": "cebula zamorska"
},
{
"word": "czyrwona cebula"
},
{
"word": "gorzka cebula"
},
{
"word": "psia cebula"
},
{
"word": "wilcza cebula"
},
{
"word": "włoska cebula"
},
{
"word": "świerzepia cebula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cebula"
},
"expansion": "Polish: cebula, cybula, czybula (Middle Polish)\n→ Old Ruthenian: цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja), цебу́лꙗ (cebúlja), цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja)\nBelarusian: цыбу́ля (cybúlja)\nCarpathian Rusyn: цибу́ля (cybúlja)\nUkrainian: цибу́ля (cybúlja); цебу́ля (cebúlja) (dialectal)\n→ Russian: цибу́ля (cibúlja) (dialectal)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Polish: cebula, cybula, czybula (Middle Polish)\n→ Old Ruthenian: цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja), цебу́лꙗ (cebúlja), цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja)\nBelarusian: цыбу́ля (cybúlja)\nCarpathian Rusyn: цибу́ля (cybúlja)\nUkrainian: цибу́ля (cybúlja); цебу́ля (cebúlja) (dialectal)\n→ Russian: цибу́ля (cibúlja) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "cebula",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: cebula, cybula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: cebula, cybula"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "la"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "zibolle, zebülle, zwibole"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle High German zibolle, zebülle, zwibole",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "cēpulla"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin cēpulla",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1419"
},
"expansion": "1419",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1419"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1419",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German zibolle, zebülle, zwibole, from Late Latin cēpulla. First attested in 1419.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cybula",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cebula f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Old Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish terms derived from Late Latin",
"zlw-opl:Alliums",
"zlw-opl:Root vegetables"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1920 [1435], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume III, number 1374, Zakroczym:",
"text": "Iakom ya ne porwala Ondrzeyowi czibuli z gego ogroda",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 4:",
"text": "Dzeszanczina s pełna ma dana bicz wyiąwszi rzepą, mak, kapustą, cybulyą",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [1478], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 1927:",
"text": "Czibula cepe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [1484], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 5966:",
"text": "Cybula cepe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [1484], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 5967:",
"text": "Czibula cepe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [1464], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 4772:",
"text": "Czebula cepe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [c. 1465], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 3915:",
"text": "Czebula ffanula",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 407:",
"text": "In molliter autem asperatis scribatur simplex c sine omni asperacione, ut: cap, cebula, cisz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 539:",
"text": "Czebula cepa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900 [c. 1500], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 7105:",
"text": "Czebula cepe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 26r:",
"text": "Cepe ein zwyfel, cepa idem est czebula",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"onion (Allium cepa)"
],
"links": [
[
"onion",
"onion"
],
[
"Allium cepa",
"Allium cepa#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) onion (Allium cepa)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛbulʲa/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛbulʲa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "cebula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Late Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ula",
"Rhymes:Polish/ula/3 syllables",
"pl:Alliums",
"pl:Clocks",
"pl:Eye",
"pl:Root vegetables",
"pl:Timekeeping"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cebulasty"
},
{
"word": "cebulowaty"
},
{
"word": "cebula siedmiolatka"
},
{
"word": "cebulactwo"
},
{
"word": "cebulanka"
},
{
"word": "cebularz"
},
{
"word": "cebulica"
},
{
"word": "cebulowa"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "цибу́лꙗ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Ruthenian: цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja), цебу́лꙗ (cebúlja), цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja)\nBelarusian: цыбу́ля (cybúlja)\nCarpathian Rusyn: цибу́ля (cybúlja)\nUkrainian: цибу́ля (cybúlja); цебу́ля (cebúlja) (dialectal)\n→ Russian: цибу́ля (cibúlja) (dialectal)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Ruthenian: цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja), цебу́лꙗ (cebúlja), цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja)\nBelarusian: цыбу́ля (cybúlja)\nCarpathian Rusyn: цибу́ля (cybúlja)\nUkrainian: цибу́ля (cybúlja); цебу́ля (cebúlja) (dialectal)\n→ Russian: цибу́ля (cibúlja) (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "LL.",
"4": "la"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cebula",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish cebula",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cebula"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish cebula",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish cebula.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cebulka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cebula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cybula",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "czybula",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "cebulowy",
"dim": "cebulka"
},
"expansion": "cebula f (diminutive cebulka, related adjective cebulowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ce‧bu‧la"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "cebul/cebuli"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "cebulkowaty"
},
{
"word": "cebulkowy"
},
{
"word": "cebulowatość"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"onion (Allium cepa)"
],
"links": [
[
"onion",
"onion"
],
[
"Allium cepa",
"Allium cepa#Translingual"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:plant"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"onion (bulb of this vegetable)"
],
"links": [
[
"onion",
"onion"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pl:bulb"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations",
"pl:Botany"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "tulip bulb",
"text": "cebula tulipana",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bulb (bulb-shaped root)"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"bulb",
"bulb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) bulb (bulb-shaped root)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Architectural elements"
],
"glosses": [
"onion-shaped dome of a building"
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"onion",
"onion"
],
[
"dome",
"dome"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(architecture) onion-shaped dome of a building"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"turnip (old-fashioned pocket watch)"
],
"links": [
[
"turnip",
"turnip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) turnip (old-fashioned pocket watch)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish derogatory terms",
"Southern Borderlands Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of oko"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"oko",
"oko#Polish"
]
],
"qualifier": "Southern Borderlands",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Southern Borderlands, Kamianets-Podilskyi, derogatory, Drohobych) Synonym of oko"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "oko"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛˈbu.la/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛˈbu.la/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɛˈbu.lʲa]",
"note": "Southern Borderlands"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ula"
},
{
"homophone": "Cebula"
}
],
"word": "cebula"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "cebulŏrka"
},
{
"word": "cebulŏrz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "LL.",
"4": "la"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cebula",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish cebula",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cebula"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish cebula",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish cebula.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cebulka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "tooltip",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cebula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulōw",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulã",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulōm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulōma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cebulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cebule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cybula",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"adj": "cebulowy",
"dim": "cebulka"
},
"expansion": "cebula f (diminutive cebulka, related adjective cebulowy)",
"name": "szl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ce‧bu‧la"
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Silesian/ula",
"Rhymes:Silesian/ula/3 syllables",
"Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Silesian feminine nouns",
"Silesian lemmas",
"Silesian nouns",
"Silesian terms derived from Late Latin",
"Silesian terms derived from Latin",
"Silesian terms derived from Middle High German",
"Silesian terms derived from Old Polish",
"Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"szl:Alliums",
"szl:Eye",
"szl:Root vegetables"
],
"glosses": [
"onion (Allium cepa)"
],
"links": [
[
"onion",
"onion"
],
[
"Allium cepa",
"Allium cepa#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cwibel"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛˈbu.la/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ula"
}
],
"word": "cebula"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cebula meaning in All languages combined (14.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Southern Borderlands, Kamianets-Podilskyi, derogatory, Drohobych",
"path": [
"cebula"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cebula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Southern Borderlands, Kamianets-Podilskyi, derogatory, Drohobych",
"path": [
"cebula"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cebula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Southern Borderlands, Kamianets-Podilskyi, derogatory, Drohobych",
"path": [
"cebula"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cebula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Southern Borderlands, Kamianets-Podilskyi, derogatory, Drohobych",
"path": [
"cebula"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cebula",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.