See castellum on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "castellum"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin castellum",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cashel",
"3": "castell",
"4": "castle",
"5": "château"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cashel, castell, castle, and château",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin castellum. Doublet of cashel, castell, castle, and château.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "castella",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "castella",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "castellum (plural castella or castellums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "38 57 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 56 2 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small Roman detached fort or fortlet used as a watch tower or signal station."
],
"id": "en-castellum-en-noun-ar98fvp5",
"links": [
[
"fortlet",
"fortlet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A small Roman detached fort or fortlet used as a watch tower or signal station."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"wikipedia": [
"castellum"
]
}
],
"word": "castellum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "castellum"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin castellum",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kasteel",
"3": "chateau",
"4": "Kessel",
"5": "Castilië",
"6": "ketella",
"7": "telo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of kasteel, chateau, Kessel, Castilië, ketella, and telo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin castellum. Doublet of kasteel, chateau, Kessel, Castilië, ketella, and telo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "castella",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellumpje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "castella",
"3": "+",
"pl2": "castellums"
},
"expansion": "castellum n (plural castella or castellums, diminutive castellumpje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch nouns with Latin plurals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"castellum"
],
"id": "en-castellum-nl-noun-sOuD3rom",
"links": [
[
"castellum",
"castellum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) castellum"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "nl-castellum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Nl-castellum.ogg/Nl-castellum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Nl-castellum.ogg"
}
],
"word": "castellum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "castilium"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "castial"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: castial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: castial"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "châtél"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: châtél",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: châtél"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chastel"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chastel, castel (northern), chatel (late)\nAngevin: châtiau\nBourguignon: chaîteâ\nChampenois: châté (Troyen), châtiau (Troyen), tâté (Rémois)\nFranc-Comtois: tchaîtiâ\nLorrain: tchestia\nMiddle French: chasteau, chastel\nFrench: château\n→ Danish: chateau\n→ English: château, chateau\n→ Russian: шато́ (šató)\n→ Turkish: şato\n→ Ukrainian: шато́ (šató)\nNorman: châté, câté, câtel\nPicard: câtieu, câtiau (Picardie, Nord-Pas-de-Calais)\nPoitevin-Saintongeais: châtea\nWalloon: tchestea\n→ Middle Dutch: casteel\nDutch: kasteel\nAfrikaans: kasteel\nNegerhollands: kastell\n→ Mahican: găstēnik\n→ Malay: kastil\nIndonesian: kastel, kastil\n→ Papiamentu: kastel\n→ West Frisian: kastiel\nLimburgish: kestieël\nWest Flemish: kastêel, kastjil\n→ Middle High German: kastēl\nGerman: Kastell (partially)\n→ Middle English: castel, castelle, castle, chastel\nEnglish: castle\n→ Tongan: kāsolo\nScots: castle\n→ Scottish Gaelic: caisteal\n→ Middle Irish: caistél\nIrish: caistéal\nManx: cashtal\nScottish Gaelic: caisteal",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chastel, castel (northern), chatel (late)\nAngevin: châtiau\nBourguignon: chaîteâ\nChampenois: châté (Troyen), châtiau (Troyen), tâté (Rémois)\nFranc-Comtois: tchaîtiâ\nLorrain: tchestia\nMiddle French: chasteau, chastel\nFrench: château\n→ Danish: chateau\n→ English: château, chateau\n→ Russian: шато́ (šató)\n→ Turkish: şato\n→ Ukrainian: шато́ (šató)\nNorman: châté, câté, câtel\nPicard: câtieu, câtiau (Picardie, Nord-Pas-de-Calais)\nPoitevin-Saintongeais: châtea\nWalloon: tchestea\n→ Middle Dutch: casteel\nDutch: kasteel\nAfrikaans: kasteel\nNegerhollands: kastell\n→ Mahican: găstēnik\n→ Malay: kastil\nIndonesian: kastel, kastil\n→ Papiamentu: kastel\n→ West Frisian: kastiel\nLimburgish: kestieël\nWest Flemish: kastêel, kastjil\n→ Middle High German: kastēl\nGerman: Kastell (partially)\n→ Middle English: castel, castelle, castle, chastel\nEnglish: castle\n→ Tongan: kāsolo\nScots: castle\n→ Scottish Gaelic: caisteal\n→ Middle Irish: caistél\nIrish: caistéal\nManx: cashtal\nScottish Gaelic: caisteal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "castiello"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: castiello",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: castiello"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "castelo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: castelo\nFala: castelu\nGalician: castelo\nPortuguese: castelo (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: castelo\nFala: castelu\nGalician: castelo\nPortuguese: castelo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "*castiellu"
},
"expansion": "Old Leonese: *castiellu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Leonese: *castiellu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "castiellu",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: castiellu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: castiellu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "castillu"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: castillu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: castillu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "castiellu"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: castiellu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: castiellu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "castielho"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: castielho",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: castielho"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "castiello"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: castiello\nLadino: kastilyo\nSpanish: castillo (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: castiello\nLadino: kastilyo\nSpanish: castillo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "casteddu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: casteddu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: casteddu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "castellu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: castellu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: castellu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "castello"
},
"expansion": "Italian: castello\n→ Albanian: kështjellë, këshqel\n→? Maltese: kastell\n→ Ottoman Turkish: قسطل (kastel), كستل (kestel)\nTurkish: kastel\n→ Interlingua: castello",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Italian: castello\n→ Albanian: kështjellë, këshqel\n→? Maltese: kastell\n→ Ottoman Turkish: قسطل (kastel), كستل (kestel)\nTurkish: kastel\n→ Interlingua: castello"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "castiello"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: castiello",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: castiello"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "casteḍḍu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: casteḍḍu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: casteḍḍu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "cjiscjel",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: cjiscjel, cjistiel, čhisčhel (alternative spelling)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: cjiscjel, cjistiel, čhisčhel (alternative spelling)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "castel"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: castel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: castel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "castèl"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: castèl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: castèl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "chastè",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: chastè, casti (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: chastè, casti (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "casteło",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: casteło, castel, casteo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: casteło, castel, casteo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "kastély",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: kastély\n→ Romanian: coștei",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: kastély\n→ Romanian: coștei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Occitano-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "castell"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: castell\n→ English: castell\n→ Spanish: castell",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: castell\n→ English: castell\n→ Spanish: castell"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-gas",
"2": "castèth"
},
"expansion": "Gascon: castèth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gascon: castèth"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "castel"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: castel\nOccitan:\nAuvergnat: chastèl\nLanguedocien: castèl\nProvençal: castèu\nVivaro-Alpine: chastèu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: castel\nOccitan:\nAuvergnat: chastèl\nLanguedocien: castèl\nProvençal: castèu\nVivaro-Alpine: chastèu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "castel"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: castel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: castel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kështjel",
"3": "këshqel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: kështjel, këshqel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: kështjel, këshqel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arc",
"2": "קַסְטֵל",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "qasṭēl"
},
"expansion": "→ Aramaic: קַסְטֵל (qasṭēl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aramaic: קַסְטֵל (qasṭēl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "قَسْطَل",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: قَسْطَل (qasṭal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: قَسْطَل (qasṭal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "castellum",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: castellum (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: castellum (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "castellum",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: castellum (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: castellum (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caisel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: caisel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: caisel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "caiseal"
},
"expansion": "Irish: caiseal\n→ English: cashel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Irish: caiseal\n→ English: cashel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "caiseal"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: caiseal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: caiseal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kastell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *kastell",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *kastell (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*kastell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *kastell",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *kastell (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "castrum",
"3": "-lus",
"alt2": "-lum",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix",
"t1": "fort"
},
"expansion": "castrum (“fort”) + -lum (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From castrum (“fort”) + -lum (diminutive suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "castellī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "castellum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castellōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castellīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castellīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "castella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "castellum<2>"
},
"expansion": "castellum n (genitive castellī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "castellum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"castle, fort, citadel, fortress, stronghold"
],
"id": "en-castellum-la-noun-sF7b5hGv",
"links": [
[
"castle",
"castle"
],
[
"fort",
"fort"
],
[
"citadel",
"citadel"
],
[
"fortress",
"fortress"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a shelter, stronghold, defence, refuge"
],
"id": "en-castellum-la-noun-3RHp5FPQ",
"links": [
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
],
[
"defence",
"defence"
],
[
"refuge",
"refuge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a shelter, stronghold, defence, refuge"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 28 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 26 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 31 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -lus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a structure in which the water of an aqueduct is collected, to be distributed by pipes or channels in different directions; a reservoir"
],
"id": "en-castellum-la-noun-sa-~LobY",
"links": [
[
"reservoir",
"reservoir"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kasˈtel.lum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käs̠ˈt̪ɛlːʲʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kasˈtel.lum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[käsˈt̪ɛlːum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "castellum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "castellum"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin castellum",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kasteel",
"3": "chateau",
"4": "Kessel",
"5": "Castilië",
"6": "ketella",
"7": "telo"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of kasteel, chateau, Kessel, Castilië, ketella, and telo",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin castellum. Doublet of kasteel, chateau, Kessel, Castilië, ketella, and telo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "castella",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellumpje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "castella",
"3": "+",
"pl2": "castellums"
},
"expansion": "castellum n (plural castella or castellums, diminutive castellumpje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch doublets",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch learned borrowings from Latin",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with Latin plurals",
"Dutch terms borrowed from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch terms with historical senses",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"nl-noun plural matches generated form"
],
"glosses": [
"castellum"
],
"links": [
[
"castellum",
"castellum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) castellum"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "nl-castellum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Nl-castellum.ogg/Nl-castellum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Nl-castellum.ogg"
}
],
"word": "castellum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "castellum"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin castellum",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cashel",
"3": "castell",
"4": "castle",
"5": "château"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cashel, castell, castle, and château",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin castellum. Doublet of cashel, castell, castle, and château.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "castella",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "castella",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "castellum (plural castella or castellums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with historical senses",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"A small Roman detached fort or fortlet used as a watch tower or signal station."
],
"links": [
[
"fortlet",
"fortlet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A small Roman detached fort or fortlet used as a watch tower or signal station."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"wikipedia": [
"castellum"
]
}
],
"word": "castellum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms suffixed with -lus",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "castilium"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "castial"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: castial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: castial"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "châtél"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: châtél",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: châtél"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chastel"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chastel, castel (northern), chatel (late)\nAngevin: châtiau\nBourguignon: chaîteâ\nChampenois: châté (Troyen), châtiau (Troyen), tâté (Rémois)\nFranc-Comtois: tchaîtiâ\nLorrain: tchestia\nMiddle French: chasteau, chastel\nFrench: château\n→ Danish: chateau\n→ English: château, chateau\n→ Russian: шато́ (šató)\n→ Turkish: şato\n→ Ukrainian: шато́ (šató)\nNorman: châté, câté, câtel\nPicard: câtieu, câtiau (Picardie, Nord-Pas-de-Calais)\nPoitevin-Saintongeais: châtea\nWalloon: tchestea\n→ Middle Dutch: casteel\nDutch: kasteel\nAfrikaans: kasteel\nNegerhollands: kastell\n→ Mahican: găstēnik\n→ Malay: kastil\nIndonesian: kastel, kastil\n→ Papiamentu: kastel\n→ West Frisian: kastiel\nLimburgish: kestieël\nWest Flemish: kastêel, kastjil\n→ Middle High German: kastēl\nGerman: Kastell (partially)\n→ Middle English: castel, castelle, castle, chastel\nEnglish: castle\n→ Tongan: kāsolo\nScots: castle\n→ Scottish Gaelic: caisteal\n→ Middle Irish: caistél\nIrish: caistéal\nManx: cashtal\nScottish Gaelic: caisteal",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chastel, castel (northern), chatel (late)\nAngevin: châtiau\nBourguignon: chaîteâ\nChampenois: châté (Troyen), châtiau (Troyen), tâté (Rémois)\nFranc-Comtois: tchaîtiâ\nLorrain: tchestia\nMiddle French: chasteau, chastel\nFrench: château\n→ Danish: chateau\n→ English: château, chateau\n→ Russian: шато́ (šató)\n→ Turkish: şato\n→ Ukrainian: шато́ (šató)\nNorman: châté, câté, câtel\nPicard: câtieu, câtiau (Picardie, Nord-Pas-de-Calais)\nPoitevin-Saintongeais: châtea\nWalloon: tchestea\n→ Middle Dutch: casteel\nDutch: kasteel\nAfrikaans: kasteel\nNegerhollands: kastell\n→ Mahican: găstēnik\n→ Malay: kastil\nIndonesian: kastel, kastil\n→ Papiamentu: kastel\n→ West Frisian: kastiel\nLimburgish: kestieël\nWest Flemish: kastêel, kastjil\n→ Middle High German: kastēl\nGerman: Kastell (partially)\n→ Middle English: castel, castelle, castle, chastel\nEnglish: castle\n→ Tongan: kāsolo\nScots: castle\n→ Scottish Gaelic: caisteal\n→ Middle Irish: caistél\nIrish: caistéal\nManx: cashtal\nScottish Gaelic: caisteal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "castiello"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: castiello",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: castiello"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "castelo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: castelo\nFala: castelu\nGalician: castelo\nPortuguese: castelo (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: castelo\nFala: castelu\nGalician: castelo\nPortuguese: castelo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "*castiellu"
},
"expansion": "Old Leonese: *castiellu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Leonese: *castiellu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "castiellu",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: castiellu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: castiellu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ext",
"2": "castillu"
},
"expansion": "Extremaduran: castillu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Extremaduran: castillu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-leo",
"2": "castiellu"
},
"expansion": "Leonese: castiellu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Leonese: castiellu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "castielho"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: castielho",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: castielho"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "castiello"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: castiello\nLadino: kastilyo\nSpanish: castillo (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: castiello\nLadino: kastilyo\nSpanish: castillo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "casteddu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: casteddu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: casteddu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "castellu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: castellu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: castellu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "castello"
},
"expansion": "Italian: castello\n→ Albanian: kështjellë, këshqel\n→? Maltese: kastell\n→ Ottoman Turkish: قسطل (kastel), كستل (kestel)\nTurkish: kastel\n→ Interlingua: castello",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Italian: castello\n→ Albanian: kështjellë, këshqel\n→? Maltese: kastell\n→ Ottoman Turkish: قسطل (kastel), كستل (kestel)\nTurkish: kastel\n→ Interlingua: castello"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "castiello"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: castiello",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: castiello"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "casteḍḍu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: casteḍḍu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: casteḍḍu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "cjiscjel",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: cjiscjel, cjistiel, čhisčhel (alternative spelling)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: cjiscjel, cjistiel, čhisčhel (alternative spelling)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "castel"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: castel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: castel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "castèl"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: castèl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: castèl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "chastè",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: chastè, casti (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: chastè, casti (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "casteło",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: casteło, castel, casteo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: casteło, castel, casteo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "kastély",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: kastély\n→ Romanian: coștei",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: kastély\n→ Romanian: coștei"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Occitano-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "castell"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: castell\n→ English: castell\n→ Spanish: castell",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: castell\n→ English: castell\n→ Spanish: castell"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-gas",
"2": "castèth"
},
"expansion": "Gascon: castèth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gascon: castèth"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "castel"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: castel\nOccitan:\nAuvergnat: chastèl\nLanguedocien: castèl\nProvençal: castèu\nVivaro-Alpine: chastèu",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: castel\nOccitan:\nAuvergnat: chastèl\nLanguedocien: castèl\nProvençal: castèu\nVivaro-Alpine: chastèu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "castel"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: castel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: castel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "kështjel",
"3": "këshqel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: kështjel, këshqel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: kështjel, këshqel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arc",
"2": "קַסְטֵל",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "qasṭēl"
},
"expansion": "→ Aramaic: קַסְטֵל (qasṭēl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aramaic: קַסְטֵל (qasṭēl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "قَسْطَل",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: قَسْطَل (qasṭal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: قَسْطَل (qasṭal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "castellum",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: castellum (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: castellum (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "castellum",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: castellum (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: castellum (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caisel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: caisel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: caisel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "caiseal"
},
"expansion": "Irish: caiseal\n→ English: cashel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Irish: caiseal\n→ English: cashel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "caiseal"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: caiseal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: caiseal"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*kastell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *kastell",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *kastell (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*kastell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *kastell",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *kastell (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "castrum",
"3": "-lus",
"alt2": "-lum",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix",
"t1": "fort"
},
"expansion": "castrum (“fort”) + -lum (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From castrum (“fort”) + -lum (diminutive suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "castellī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "castellum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castellōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castellīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "castellīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "castellum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "castella",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "castellum<2>"
},
"expansion": "castellum n (genitive castellī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "castellum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"castle, fort, citadel, fortress, stronghold"
],
"links": [
[
"castle",
"castle"
],
[
"fort",
"fort"
],
[
"citadel",
"citadel"
],
[
"fortress",
"fortress"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a shelter, stronghold, defence, refuge"
],
"links": [
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
],
[
"defence",
"defence"
],
[
"refuge",
"refuge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a shelter, stronghold, defence, refuge"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a structure in which the water of an aqueduct is collected, to be distributed by pipes or channels in different directions; a reservoir"
],
"links": [
[
"reservoir",
"reservoir"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kasˈtel.lum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käs̠ˈt̪ɛlːʲʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kasˈtel.lum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[käsˈt̪ɛlːum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "castellum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for castellum meaning in All languages combined (16.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.