See cartel on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "anticartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cartelism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cartelist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cartelization"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cartelize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "citation cartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drug cartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "intercartel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cártel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: cártel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: cártel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kartell",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from German Kartell",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "cartel"
},
"expansion": "French cartel",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "cartello"
},
"expansion": "Italian cartello",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "charta"
},
"expansion": "Latin charta",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In the business sense, borrowed from German Kartell, first used by Eugen Richter in 1871 in the Reichstag. In the political sense, which was the vehicle for this metaphor, the English sense, like the German sense, was borrowed from French cartel in the sixteenth century, from Italian cartello, diminutive of carta (“card, page”), from Latin charta.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cartels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cartel (plural cartels)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Economics",
"orig": "en:Economics",
"parents": [
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"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "36 6 2 27 29",
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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{
"_dis": "44 7 6 20 23",
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"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 11 7 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 7 8 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 10 7 18 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 5 5 19 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 9 8 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 7 8 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 9 7 17 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 7 8 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 7 8 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 8 8 21 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 8 8 21 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 7 7 22 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 8 8 21 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 8 8 21 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 8 8 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 8 9 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 3 3 27 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 7 8 20 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 9 9 20 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 6 7 18 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 8 8 21 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 7 6 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 7 6 22 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 7 7 20 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 7 8 21 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 15 3 19 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "drug cartel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "car cartel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2023 January 10, Whitney Eulich, America Armenta, “Mexico arrests son of ‘El Chapo’: Why don’t citizens feel safer?”, in The Christian Science Monitor:",
"text": "Over the past decade, the very nature of organized crime has changed, with many groups diversifying their income beyond drug trafficking, and large cartels splintering into smaller, oftentimes more nimble groups.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market."
],
"id": "en-cartel-en-noun-en:Q179216",
"links": [
[
"economics",
"economics"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"collude",
"collude"
],
[
"limit",
"limit"
],
[
"competition",
"competition"
],
[
"within",
"within"
],
[
"industry",
"industry"
],
[
"market",
"market"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(economics) A group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q179216"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kartel",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "картел"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "càrtel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "壟斷聯盟 /垄断联盟"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "行業聯合會 /行业联合会"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "壟斷利益集團 /垄断利益集团"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kǎtè'ěr",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "卡特爾 /卡特尔"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "kartelli"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kartell"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "kart'el",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קרטל"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "einokunarhringur"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karuteru",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "カルテル"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "kartel",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "картель"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kareutel",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "카르텔"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kartell"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kartell"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "کارتل"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kartɛ́lʹ",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карте́ль"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "cártel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kartell"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 4 1 5 5",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "māfiyā",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "مافیا"
}
],
"wikidata": [
"Q179216"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Politics",
"orig": "en:Politics",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "34 11 7 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A combination of political groups (notably parties) for common action."
],
"id": "en-cartel-en-noun-KDA~ewS4",
"links": [
[
"politics",
"politics"
],
[
"parties",
"party"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, politics) A combination of political groups (notably parties) for common action."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"politics"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 84 2 2 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "combination of political groups",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 84 2 2 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "combination of political groups",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 84 2 2 6",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "combination of political groups",
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 84 2 2 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kartɛ́lʹ",
"sense": "combination of political groups",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карте́ль"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:",
"text": "He is cowed at the very idea of a cartel.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, translated by John Florio, The Essayes […], London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Xerxes whipped the Sea, and writ a cartell of defiance to the hill Athos.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A written letter of defiance or challenge."
],
"id": "en-cartel-en-noun-KhfsN2J6",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"defiance",
"defiance"
],
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A written letter of defiance or challenge."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 5 74 5 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kartɛ́lʹ",
"sense": "written challenge or defiance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карте́ль"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "34 11 7 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 9 7 17 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1832, Tales of the Alhambra, Washington Irving:",
"text": "He then sent down a flag of truce in military style, proposing a cartel or exchange of prisoners – the corporal for the notary.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An official agreement concerning the exchange of prisoners."
],
"id": "en-cartel-en-noun-qJ9WVkbh",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"agreement",
"agreement"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, law) An official agreement concerning the exchange of prisoners."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 1 1 82 11",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "official agreement concerning exchange of prisoners",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 1 82 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kartɛ́lʹ",
"sense": "official agreement concerning exchange of prisoners",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карте́ль"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "34 11 7 18 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 9 7 17 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A ship used to negotiate with an enemy in time of war, and to exchange prisoners."
],
"id": "en-cartel-en-noun-2kaVcrIB",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"negotiate",
"negotiate"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, nautical) A ship used to negotiate with an enemy in time of war, and to exchange prisoners."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑːˈtɛl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cartel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cartel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cartel.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɹˈtɛl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Eugen Richter",
"Reichstag"
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kartel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: kartel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: kartel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kartell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Kartell\n→ Dutch: kartel, (obsolete) cartel\nIndonesian: kartel\n\n→ English: cartel\n→ Spanish: cártel\n→ Italian: cartello",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Kartell\n→ Dutch: kartel, (obsolete) cartel\nIndonesian: kartel\n\n→ English: cartel\n→ Spanish: cártel\n→ Italian: cartello"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cartel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: cartel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: cartel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kartell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: kartell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: kartell"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kartel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: kartel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: kartel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "it",
"3": "cartello"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian cartello",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "carta"
},
"expansion": "Latin carta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "card"
},
"expansion": "English card",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian cartello, diminutive of carta, from Latin carta. Related to English card.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cartels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cartel m (plural cartels)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 1 5 5 23 19 27 2 2 1 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 1 7 6 22 18 26 1 1 1 8 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a cartel"
],
"id": "en-cartel-fr-noun-JD4Vplf~",
"links": [
[
"cartel",
"cartel#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaʁ.tɛl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-cartel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-cartel.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-cartel.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-cartel.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-cartel.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "fr",
"3": "cartel"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French cartel",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French cartel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cartéis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cartel m (plural cartéis)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car‧tel"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Economics",
"orig": "pt:Economics",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 1 5 5 23 19 27 2 2 1 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 1 7 6 22 18 26 1 1 1 8 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cartel (a group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market)"
],
"id": "en-cartel-pt-noun-0U1wewVj",
"links": [
[
"economics",
"economics"
],
[
"cartel",
"cartel#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(economics) cartel (a group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaʁˈtɛw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kahˈtɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaʁˈtɛw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kahˈtɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaɾˈtɛw/",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaɾˈtɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaʁˈtɛw/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaχˈtɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaɻˈtɛw/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaɻˈtɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐɾˈtɛl/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐɾˈtɛɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐɾˈtɛl/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐɾˈtɛɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐɾˈtɛ.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
}
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "cartel"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French cartel",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French cartel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carteluri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cartel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carteluri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cartel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carteluri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "carteluri"
},
"expansion": "cartel n (plural carteluri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car‧tel"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "cartelurilor",
"gpi": "carteluri",
"gsd": "cartelului",
"gsi": "cartel",
"n": "",
"npd": "cartelurile",
"npi": "carteluri",
"nsd": "cartelul",
"nsi": "cartel",
"vp": "cartelurilor",
"vs": "cartelule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 1 5 5 23 19 27 2 2 1 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 1 7 6 22 18 26 1 1 1 8 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cartel"
],
"id": "en-cartel-ro-noun-QJDit7kG",
"links": [
[
"cartel",
"cartel#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
"roman": "cartel",
"word": "картел"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/karˈtel/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-el"
}
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cartelera"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cartelería"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cartelismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cartelista"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pegacarteles"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "oc",
"3": "cartel"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Occitan cartel",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ca",
"3": "cartell"
},
"expansion": "Catalan cartell",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Occitan cartel or Catalan cartell.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carteles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cartel m (plural carteles)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car‧tel"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "carta"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"poster, placard, bill, banner"
],
"id": "en-cartel-es-noun-RrOjq8Tr",
"links": [
[
"poster",
"poster"
],
[
"placard",
"placard"
],
[
"bill",
"bill"
],
[
"banner",
"banner"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020 January 16, “El Festival Sónar anuncia a The Chemical Brothers, Arca, The Blaze, Richie Hawtin y Laurent Garnier”, in La Vanguardia:",
"text": "El 27 Festival Sónar de Barcelona, que volverá a celebrarse en sus fechas habituales este junio en los recintos de Montjuïc y Gran Via de Fira de Barcelona, ha anunciado este jueves su cartel con la presencia de artistas como The Chemical Brothers, Arca, The Blaze, Richie Hawtin y Laurent Garnier, entre un centenar de espectáculos.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lineup, billing"
],
"id": "en-cartel-es-noun-EQtCY119",
"links": [
[
"lineup",
"lineup"
],
[
"billing",
"billing"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the \"now-showing\" board in a cinema or playhouse"
],
"id": "en-cartel-es-noun-sJv~uQR7",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaɾˈtel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaɾˈt̪el]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-el"
}
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "en",
"3": "cartel"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English cartel",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kartell"
},
"expansion": "German Kartell",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English cartel, itself borrowed from German Kartell.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carteles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cartel m (plural carteles)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car‧tel"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 20 3 46 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cartel (group of businesses that collude to limit competition)"
],
"id": "en-cartel-es-noun-SbgzbPdn",
"links": [
[
"cartel",
"cartel#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"criminal organization, mafia, mob"
],
"id": "en-cartel-es-noun-Ksluazy8",
"links": [
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
],
[
"mafia",
"mafia"
],
[
"mob",
"mob"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaɾˈtel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaɾˈt̪el]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-el"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cártel"
}
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛl",
"Rhymes:English/ɛl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"en:Collectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "anticartel"
},
{
"word": "cartelism"
},
{
"word": "cartelist"
},
{
"word": "cartelization"
},
{
"word": "cartelize"
},
{
"word": "citation cartel"
},
{
"word": "drug cartel"
},
{
"word": "intercartel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "cártel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: cártel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: cártel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kartell",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from German Kartell",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "cartel"
},
"expansion": "French cartel",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "cartello"
},
"expansion": "Italian cartello",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "charta"
},
"expansion": "Latin charta",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In the business sense, borrowed from German Kartell, first used by Eugen Richter in 1871 in the Reichstag. In the political sense, which was the vehicle for this metaphor, the English sense, like the German sense, was borrowed from French cartel in the sixteenth century, from Italian cartello, diminutive of carta (“card, page”), from Latin charta.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cartels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cartel (plural cartels)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Economics"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "drug cartel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "car cartel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2023 January 10, Whitney Eulich, America Armenta, “Mexico arrests son of ‘El Chapo’: Why don’t citizens feel safer?”, in The Christian Science Monitor:",
"text": "Over the past decade, the very nature of organized crime has changed, with many groups diversifying their income beyond drug trafficking, and large cartels splintering into smaller, oftentimes more nimble groups.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market."
],
"links": [
[
"economics",
"economics"
],
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"nation",
"nation"
],
[
"collude",
"collude"
],
[
"limit",
"limit"
],
[
"competition",
"competition"
],
[
"within",
"within"
],
[
"industry",
"industry"
],
[
"market",
"market"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(economics) A group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q179216"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"sciences"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q179216"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"en:Politics"
],
"glosses": [
"A combination of political groups (notably parties) for common action."
],
"links": [
[
"politics",
"politics"
],
[
"parties",
"party"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, politics) A combination of political groups (notably parties) for common action."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"politics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:",
"text": "He is cowed at the very idea of a cartel.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, translated by John Florio, The Essayes […], London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Xerxes whipped the Sea, and writ a cartell of defiance to the hill Athos.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A written letter of defiance or challenge."
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"defiance",
"defiance"
],
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) A written letter of defiance or challenge."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1832, Tales of the Alhambra, Washington Irving:",
"text": "He then sent down a flag of truce in military style, proposing a cartel or exchange of prisoners – the corporal for the notary.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An official agreement concerning the exchange of prisoners."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"official",
"official"
],
[
"agreement",
"agreement"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, law) An official agreement concerning the exchange of prisoners."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses",
"en:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"A ship used to negotiate with an enemy in time of war, and to exchange prisoners."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"ship",
"ship"
],
[
"negotiate",
"negotiate"
],
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, nautical) A ship used to negotiate with an enemy in time of war, and to exchange prisoners."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑːˈtɛl/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cartel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cartel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cartel.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/72/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cartel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cartel.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɹˈtɛl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kartel",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "картел"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "càrtel"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "壟斷聯盟 /垄断联盟"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "行業聯合會 /行业联合会"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "壟斷利益集團 /垄断利益集团"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kǎtè'ěr",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "卡特爾 /卡特尔"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "kartelli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cartel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kartell"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "kart'el",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קרטל"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "einokunarhringur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karuteru",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "カルテル"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "kartel",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "картель"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kareutel",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "카르텔"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kartell"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kartell"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "کارتل"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cartel"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "cartel"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kartɛ́lʹ",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карте́ль"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "cártel"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cartel"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kartell"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "māfiyā",
"sense": "group of businesses or nations that collude to fix prices",
"word": "مافیا"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "combination of political groups",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "combination of political groups",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cartel"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "combination of political groups",
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kartɛ́lʹ",
"sense": "combination of political groups",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карте́ль"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kartɛ́lʹ",
"sense": "written challenge or defiance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карте́ль"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "official agreement concerning exchange of prisoners",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kartel"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kartɛ́lʹ",
"sense": "official agreement concerning exchange of prisoners",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "карте́ль"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Eugen Richter",
"Reichstag"
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kartel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: kartel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: kartel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kartell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Kartell\n→ Dutch: kartel, (obsolete) cartel\nIndonesian: kartel\n\n→ English: cartel\n→ Spanish: cártel\n→ Italian: cartello",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Kartell\n→ Dutch: kartel, (obsolete) cartel\nIndonesian: kartel\n\n→ English: cartel\n→ Spanish: cártel\n→ Italian: cartello"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cartel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: cartel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: cartel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kartell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: kartell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: kartell"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kartel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: kartel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: kartel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "it",
"3": "cartello"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian cartello",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "carta"
},
"expansion": "Latin carta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "card"
},
"expansion": "English card",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian cartello, diminutive of carta, from Latin carta. Related to English card.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cartels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cartel m (plural cartels)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from Italian",
"French terms derived from Italian",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a cartel"
],
"links": [
[
"cartel",
"cartel#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaʁ.tɛl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-cartel.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-cartel.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-cartel.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-cartel.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-cartel.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "fr",
"3": "cartel"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French cartel",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French cartel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cartéis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cartel m (plural cartéis)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car‧tel"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from French",
"Portuguese terms derived from French",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛl",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/ɛl/2 syllables",
"pt:Economics"
],
"glosses": [
"cartel (a group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market)"
],
"links": [
[
"economics",
"economics"
],
[
"cartel",
"cartel#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(economics) cartel (a group of businesses or nations that collude to limit competition within an industry or market)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaʁˈtɛw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kahˈtɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaʁˈtɛw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kahˈtɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaɾˈtɛw/",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaɾˈtɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaʁˈtɛw/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaχˈtɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kaɻˈtɛw/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kaɻˈtɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐɾˈtɛl/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐɾˈtɛɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐɾˈtɛl/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kɐɾˈtɛɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐɾˈtɛ.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
}
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "cartel"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French cartel",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French cartel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carteluri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cartel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carteluri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cartel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carteluri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cartelurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "carteluri"
},
"expansion": "cartel n (plural carteluri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car‧tel"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "cartelurilor",
"gpi": "carteluri",
"gsd": "cartelului",
"gsi": "cartel",
"n": "",
"npd": "cartelurile",
"npi": "carteluri",
"nsd": "cartelul",
"nsi": "cartel",
"vp": "cartelurilor",
"vs": "cartelule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Romanian/el",
"Rhymes:Romanian/el/2 syllables",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French"
],
"glosses": [
"cartel"
],
"links": [
[
"cartel",
"cartel#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/karˈtel/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-el"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
"roman": "cartel",
"word": "картел"
}
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/el",
"Rhymes:Spanish/el/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Catalan",
"Spanish terms borrowed from English",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Occitan",
"Spanish terms derived from Catalan",
"Spanish terms derived from English",
"Spanish terms derived from German",
"Spanish terms derived from Occitan",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish terms with audio pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cartelera"
},
{
"word": "cartelería"
},
{
"word": "cartelismo"
},
{
"word": "cartelista"
},
{
"word": "pegacarteles"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "oc",
"3": "cartel"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Occitan cartel",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ca",
"3": "cartell"
},
"expansion": "Catalan cartell",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Occitan cartel or Catalan cartell.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carteles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cartel m (plural carteles)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car‧tel"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "carta"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"poster, placard, bill, banner"
],
"links": [
[
"poster",
"poster"
],
[
"placard",
"placard"
],
[
"bill",
"bill"
],
[
"banner",
"banner"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Requests for translations of Spanish quotations",
"Spanish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020 January 16, “El Festival Sónar anuncia a The Chemical Brothers, Arca, The Blaze, Richie Hawtin y Laurent Garnier”, in La Vanguardia:",
"text": "El 27 Festival Sónar de Barcelona, que volverá a celebrarse en sus fechas habituales este junio en los recintos de Montjuïc y Gran Via de Fira de Barcelona, ha anunciado este jueves su cartel con la presencia de artistas como The Chemical Brothers, Arca, The Blaze, Richie Hawtin y Laurent Garnier, entre un centenar de espectáculos.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lineup, billing"
],
"links": [
[
"lineup",
"lineup"
],
[
"billing",
"billing"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the \"now-showing\" board in a cinema or playhouse"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaɾˈtel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaɾˈt̪el]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-el"
}
],
"word": "cartel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/el",
"Rhymes:Spanish/el/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from English",
"Spanish terms derived from English",
"Spanish terms derived from German",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish terms with audio pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "en",
"3": "cartel"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English cartel",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kartell"
},
"expansion": "German Kartell",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English cartel, itself borrowed from German Kartell.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carteles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cartel m (plural carteles)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"car‧tel"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cartel (group of businesses that collude to limit competition)"
],
"links": [
[
"cartel",
"cartel#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"criminal organization, mafia, mob"
],
"links": [
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
],
[
"mafia",
"mafia"
],
[
"mob",
"mob"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaɾˈtel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kaɾˈt̪el]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-el"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cártel"
}
],
"word": "cartel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cartel meaning in All languages combined (23.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
"path": [
"cartel"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cartel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/20250113b",
"msg": "Rowspan 999 over 30, set to 1",
"path": [
"cartel"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cartel",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.