See carl on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for carl meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "carl"
},
"expansion": "Middle English carl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "carl"
},
"expansion": "Old English carl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "karl",
"t": "man, husband"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse karl (“man, husband”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*karilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karilaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "churl"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of churl",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English carl, from Old English carl, a borrowing from Old Norse karl (“man, husband”), from Proto-Germanic *karilaz. Doublet of churl.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carl (plural carls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1974, Guy Davenport, Tatlin!",
"text": "In Lent noblemen and carls alike had got into the traces and pulled the carts of stone themselves.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rude, rustic man; a churl."
],
"id": "en-carl-en-noun-ON-fAlGO",
"links": [
[
"rude",
"rude"
],
[
"rustic",
"rustic"
],
[
"churl",
"churl"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hick"
},
{
"word": "hob"
},
{
"word": "country bumpkin"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 50 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stingy person; a niggard."
],
"id": "en-carl-en-noun-kW0xNOFf",
"links": [
[
"stingy",
"stingy"
],
[
"niggard",
"niggard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, obsolete) A stingy person; a niggard."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "skinflint"
},
{
"word": "tightwad"
},
{
"word": "miser"
}
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑːl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɹl̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑɹl̩"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-carl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/82/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carl.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "carl"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "carling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "carled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "carled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carl (third-person singular simple present carls, present participle carling, simple past and past participle carled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": ", New York 2001, p.210",
"text": "[…] full of ache, sorrow, and grief, children again, dizzards, they carle many times as they sit, and talk to themselves, they are angry, waspish, displeased with everything […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To snarl; to talk grumpily or gruffly."
],
"id": "en-carl-en-verb-L6yREUE6",
"links": [
[
"snarl",
"snarl"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, intransitive) To snarl; to talk grumpily or gruffly."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "hot carl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "carle"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "carl"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "non",
"3": "karl"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse karl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "karl",
"3": "",
"4": "man"
},
"expansion": "Danish karl (“man”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "karl",
"3": "",
"4": "man"
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"expansion": "Swedish karl (“man”)",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*karilaz",
"4": "",
"5": "man, male"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karilaz (“man, male”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "karl"
},
"expansion": "Old High German karl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "karal"
},
"expansion": "karal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċeorl"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċeorl",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse karl (Danish karl (“man”), Swedish karl (“man”)), from Proto-Germanic *karilaz (“man, male”). Cognate with Old High German karl, karal and related to Old English ċeorl.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "carl m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "carl m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 32 10 45 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Society",
"orig": "ang:Society",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a freeman, a man of middle rank or social class (in Norse and Anglo-Saxon society)"
],
"id": "en-carl-ang-noun-nw6BGBRI",
"links": [
[
"freeman",
"freeman"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"middle",
"middle"
],
[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"social",
"social"
],
[
"class",
"class"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a man"
],
"id": "en-carl-ang-noun-h-RdzeGn",
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) a man"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he-cat, a male cat",
"text": "carlcatt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a male bird, cock",
"text": "carlfugol",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a male"
],
"id": "en-carl-ang-noun-CHbVjGpb",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, in compounds) a male"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"in-compounds",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑrl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɑrˠl]"
}
],
"word": "carl"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:English/ɑɹl̩",
"Rhymes:English/ɑɹl̩/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːl",
"Rhymes:English/ɑːl/1 syllable",
"ang:Society"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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"2": "enm",
"3": "carl"
},
"expansion": "Middle English carl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "carl"
},
"expansion": "Old English carl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "karl",
"t": "man, husband"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse karl (“man, husband”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*karilaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karilaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "churl"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of churl",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English carl, from Old English carl, a borrowing from Old Norse karl (“man, husband”), from Proto-Germanic *karilaz. Doublet of churl.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carl (plural carls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1974, Guy Davenport, Tatlin!",
"text": "In Lent noblemen and carls alike had got into the traces and pulled the carts of stone themselves.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rude, rustic man; a churl."
],
"links": [
[
"rude",
"rude"
],
[
"rustic",
"rustic"
],
[
"churl",
"churl"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hick"
},
{
"word": "hob"
},
{
"word": "country bumpkin"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"A stingy person; a niggard."
],
"links": [
[
"stingy",
"stingy"
],
[
"niggard",
"niggard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, obsolete) A stingy person; a niggard."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "skinflint"
},
{
"word": "tightwad"
},
{
"word": "miser"
}
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑːl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑɹl̩/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑɹl̩"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-carl.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/82/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carl.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/82/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carl.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-carl.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "carl"
}
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"categories": [
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"English lemmas",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ang:Society"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en"
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"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "carling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "carled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "carled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "carl (third-person singular simple present carls, present participle carling, simple past and past participle carled)",
"name": "en-verb"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "hot carl"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": ", New York 2001, p.210",
"text": "[…] full of ache, sorrow, and grief, children again, dizzards, they carle many times as they sit, and talk to themselves, they are angry, waspish, displeased with everything […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To snarl; to talk grumpily or gruffly."
],
"links": [
[
"snarl",
"snarl"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, intransitive) To snarl; to talk grumpily or gruffly."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "carle"
}
],
"word": "carl"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"ang:Society"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "non",
"3": "karl"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse karl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "karl",
"3": "",
"4": "man"
},
"expansion": "Danish karl (“man”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "karl",
"3": "",
"4": "man"
},
"expansion": "Swedish karl (“man”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*karilaz",
"4": "",
"5": "man, male"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karilaz (“man, male”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "karl"
},
"expansion": "Old High German karl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "karal"
},
"expansion": "karal",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ċeorl"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċeorl",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse karl (Danish karl (“man”), Swedish karl (“man”)), from Proto-Germanic *karilaz (“man, male”). Cognate with Old High German karl, karal and related to Old English ċeorl.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
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},
"expansion": "carl m",
"name": "head"
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"args": {
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"expansion": "carl m",
"name": "ang-noun"
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],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a freeman, a man of middle rank or social class (in Norse and Anglo-Saxon society)"
],
"links": [
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"freeman",
"freeman"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"middle",
"middle"
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[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"social",
"social"
],
[
"class",
"class"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a man"
],
"links": [
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"man",
"man"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) a man"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he-cat, a male cat",
"text": "carlcatt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "a male bird, cock",
"text": "carlfugol",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a male"
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, in compounds) a male"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"in-compounds",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑrl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɑrˠl]"
}
],
"word": "carl"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.