"buckthorn" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "alt": "<= Rhamnus frangula",
      "word": "alder buckthorn - Frangula alnus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "alt": "<= Rhamnus caroliniana",
      "word": "Frangula caroliniana"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "alderleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus alnifolia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "buckthorn bully - Sideroxylon lycioides"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "California buckthorn - Frangula californica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Carolina buckthorn - Frangula caroliniana"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Cascara buckthorn - Frangula purshiana"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Chinese buckthorn - Rhamnus utilis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Dahurian buckthorn - Rhamnus davurica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "alt": "<= Rhamnus infectoria",
      "word": "dyer's buckthorn - Rhamnus saxatalis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "glossy buckthorn - Frangula alnus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hollyleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus crocea subsp. pilosa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Italian buckthorn - Rhamnus alaternus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Jamaica buckthorn - Rosa laevigata"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Japanese buckthorn - Rhamnus japonica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lanceleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus lanceolata"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "Sageretia",
      "word": "mock buckthorn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Modoc buckthorn - Frangula rubra subsp. modocensis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Nevada buckthorn - Frangula rubra subsp. nevadensis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "obovate buckthorn - Frangula betulifolia subsp. obovata"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "obtuse buckthorn - Frangula rubra subsp. obtusissima"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "red buckthorn - Frangula rubra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "redberry buckthorn - Rhamnus crocea"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "rock buckthorn - Rhamnus saxatilis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sawleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus serrata"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sea buckthorn - Hippophae spp"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "esp. Hippophae rhamnoides"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sharp-tooth buckthorn - Rhamnus arguta"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Siberian buckthorn - Rhamnus erythroxylon"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Smith's buckthorn - Rhamnus smithii"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "alt": "<= Bumelia lycioides",
      "word": "Southern buckthorn - Sideroxylon lycioides"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Texas buckthorn - Ziziphus obtusifolia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "West Indian buckthorn - Frangula sphaerosperma"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Yosemite buckthorn Frangula rubra subsp. yosemitana"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "buck",
        "3": "thorn"
      },
      "expansion": "buck + thorn",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "buck + thorn",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "buckthorns",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "buckthorn (plural buckthorns)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 28 23 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 29 24 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 24 23",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Buckthorn family plants",
          "orig": "en:Buckthorn family plants",
          "parents": [
            "Rosales order plants",
            "Shrubs",
            "Trees",
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 29 24 17",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Rosales order plants",
          "orig": "en:Rosales order plants",
          "parents": [
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of several, often thorny shrubs or small trees, especially",
        "the family Rhamnaceae, the buckthorn family,",
        "especially genus Rhamnus,"
      ],
      "id": "en-buckthorn-en-noun-q6EN6zdv",
      "links": [
        [
          "shrubs",
          "shrub"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnaceae",
          "Rhamnaceae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnus",
          "Rhamnus"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 28 23 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 29 24 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 24 23",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Buckthorn family plants",
          "orig": "en:Buckthorn family plants",
          "parents": [
            "Rosales order plants",
            "Shrubs",
            "Trees",
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 29 24 17",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Rosales order plants",
          "orig": "en:Rosales order plants",
          "parents": [
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of several, often thorny shrubs or small trees, especially",
        "the family Rhamnaceae, the buckthorn family,",
        "especially genus Rhamnus,",
        "especially the common buckthorn or purging buckthorn; Rhamnus cathartica."
      ],
      "id": "en-buckthorn-en-noun-fNqwUIB~",
      "links": [
        [
          "shrubs",
          "shrub"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnaceae",
          "Rhamnaceae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnus",
          "Rhamnus"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnus cathartica",
          "Rhamnus cathartica#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 28 23 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 29 24 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 24 23",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Buckthorn family plants",
          "orig": "en:Buckthorn family plants",
          "parents": [
            "Rosales order plants",
            "Shrubs",
            "Trees",
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 29 24 17",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Rosales order plants",
          "orig": "en:Rosales order plants",
          "parents": [
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of several, often thorny shrubs or small trees, especially",
        "the family Rhamnaceae, the buckthorn family,",
        "also genus Frangula, especially Frangula alnus, the alder buckthorn."
      ],
      "id": "en-buckthorn-en-noun-XPL48lc2",
      "links": [
        [
          "shrubs",
          "shrub"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnaceae",
          "Rhamnaceae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "Frangula",
          "Frangula#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "Frangula alnus",
          "Frangula alnus#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "alder buckthorn",
          "alder buckthorn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 28 23 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 29 24 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 24 23",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Buckthorn family plants",
          "orig": "en:Buckthorn family plants",
          "parents": [
            "Rosales order plants",
            "Shrubs",
            "Trees",
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 29 24 17",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Rosales order plants",
          "orig": "en:Rosales order plants",
          "parents": [
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of several, often thorny shrubs or small trees, especially",
        "Hippophae (family Elaeagnaceae), the sea buckthorn."
      ],
      "id": "en-buckthorn-en-noun-AQVw2kN6",
      "links": [
        [
          "shrubs",
          "shrub"
        ],
        [
          "Hippophae",
          "Hippophae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "Elaeagnaceae",
          "Elaeagnaceae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "sea buckthorn",
          "sea buckthorn"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "sidr",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "سِدْر"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "džnik",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "դժնիկ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "alažahri",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "ալաժահրի"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "ramno"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "türnpuu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "paatsama"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "nerprun"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "aderno"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kreuzdorn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "lefkagkathiá",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "λευκαγκαθιά"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "calabrix"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "szakłak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "aderno"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "alaterno"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "verigar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "krušína",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "круши́на"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "getapel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "37 37 21 5",
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "ramnud"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "hesilahar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "espina vera"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "harilik türnpuu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "orapaatsama"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "nerprun purgatif"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "escambrón"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Purgier-Kreuzdorn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "paide bréan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "ašangur",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "اشنگور"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "kalikak",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "کلیکک"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "verigar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "espino cerval"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "getapel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "vägtorn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "36 36 17 12",
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "rhafnwydd"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "buckthorn"
  ],
  "word": "buckthorn"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English compound terms",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "en:Buckthorn family plants",
    "en:Rosales order plants"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "alt": "<= Rhamnus frangula",
      "word": "alder buckthorn - Frangula alnus"
    },
    {
      "alt": "<= Rhamnus caroliniana",
      "word": "Frangula caroliniana"
    },
    {
      "word": "alderleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus alnifolia"
    },
    {
      "word": "buckthorn bully - Sideroxylon lycioides"
    },
    {
      "word": "California buckthorn - Frangula californica"
    },
    {
      "word": "Carolina buckthorn - Frangula caroliniana"
    },
    {
      "word": "Cascara buckthorn - Frangula purshiana"
    },
    {
      "word": "Chinese buckthorn - Rhamnus utilis"
    },
    {
      "word": "Dahurian buckthorn - Rhamnus davurica"
    },
    {
      "alt": "<= Rhamnus infectoria",
      "word": "dyer's buckthorn - Rhamnus saxatalis"
    },
    {
      "word": "glossy buckthorn - Frangula alnus"
    },
    {
      "word": "hollyleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus crocea subsp. pilosa"
    },
    {
      "word": "Italian buckthorn - Rhamnus alaternus"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jamaica buckthorn - Rosa laevigata"
    },
    {
      "word": "Japanese buckthorn - Rhamnus japonica"
    },
    {
      "word": "lanceleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus lanceolata"
    },
    {
      "english": "Sageretia",
      "word": "mock buckthorn"
    },
    {
      "word": "Modoc buckthorn - Frangula rubra subsp. modocensis"
    },
    {
      "word": "Nevada buckthorn - Frangula rubra subsp. nevadensis"
    },
    {
      "word": "obovate buckthorn - Frangula betulifolia subsp. obovata"
    },
    {
      "word": "obtuse buckthorn - Frangula rubra subsp. obtusissima"
    },
    {
      "word": "red buckthorn - Frangula rubra"
    },
    {
      "word": "redberry buckthorn - Rhamnus crocea"
    },
    {
      "word": "rock buckthorn - Rhamnus saxatilis"
    },
    {
      "word": "sawleaf buckthorn - Rhamnus serrata"
    },
    {
      "word": "sea buckthorn - Hippophae spp"
    },
    {
      "word": "esp. Hippophae rhamnoides"
    },
    {
      "word": "sharp-tooth buckthorn - Rhamnus arguta"
    },
    {
      "word": "Siberian buckthorn - Rhamnus erythroxylon"
    },
    {
      "word": "Smith's buckthorn - Rhamnus smithii"
    },
    {
      "alt": "<= Bumelia lycioides",
      "word": "Southern buckthorn - Sideroxylon lycioides"
    },
    {
      "word": "Texas buckthorn - Ziziphus obtusifolia"
    },
    {
      "word": "West Indian buckthorn - Frangula sphaerosperma"
    },
    {
      "word": "Yosemite buckthorn Frangula rubra subsp. yosemitana"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "buck",
        "3": "thorn"
      },
      "expansion": "buck + thorn",
      "name": "compound"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "buck + thorn",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "buckthorns",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "buckthorn (plural buckthorns)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any of several, often thorny shrubs or small trees, especially",
        "the family Rhamnaceae, the buckthorn family,",
        "especially genus Rhamnus,"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shrubs",
          "shrub"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnaceae",
          "Rhamnaceae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnus",
          "Rhamnus"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of several, often thorny shrubs or small trees, especially",
        "the family Rhamnaceae, the buckthorn family,",
        "especially genus Rhamnus,",
        "especially the common buckthorn or purging buckthorn; Rhamnus cathartica."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shrubs",
          "shrub"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnaceae",
          "Rhamnaceae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnus",
          "Rhamnus"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnus cathartica",
          "Rhamnus cathartica#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any of several, often thorny shrubs or small trees, especially",
        "the family Rhamnaceae, the buckthorn family,",
        "also genus Frangula, especially Frangula alnus, the alder buckthorn."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shrubs",
          "shrub"
        ],
        [
          "Rhamnaceae",
          "Rhamnaceae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "Frangula",
          "Frangula#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "Frangula alnus",
          "Frangula alnus#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "alder buckthorn",
          "alder buckthorn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any of several, often thorny shrubs or small trees, especially",
        "Hippophae (family Elaeagnaceae), the sea buckthorn."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shrubs",
          "shrub"
        ],
        [
          "Hippophae",
          "Hippophae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "Elaeagnaceae",
          "Elaeagnaceae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "sea buckthorn",
          "sea buckthorn"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "sidr",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "سِدْر"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "džnik",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "դժնիկ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "alažahri",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "ալաժահրի"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "ramno"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "türnpuu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "paatsama"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "nerprun"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "aderno"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kreuzdorn"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "lefkagkathiá",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "λευκαγκαθιά"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "calabrix"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "szakłak"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "aderno"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "alaterno"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "verigar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "krušína",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "круши́на"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "getapel"
    },
    {
      "code": "vo",
      "lang": "Volapük",
      "sense": "plant of the genus Rhamnus",
      "word": "ramnud"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "hesilahar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "espina vera"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "harilik türnpuu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "orapaatsama"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "nerprun purgatif"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "escambrón"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Purgier-Kreuzdorn"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "paide bréan"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "ašangur",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "اشنگور"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "kalikak",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "کلیکک"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "verigar"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "word": "espino cerval"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "getapel"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "vägtorn"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "Rhamnus cathartica",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "rhafnwydd"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "buckthorn"
  ],
  "word": "buckthorn"
}