"brzytwa" meaning in All languages combined

See brzytwa on Wiktionary

Noun [Old Polish]

IPA: /br̝itfa/ (note: 10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE), /br̝itfa/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE)
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Slavic *briti Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tweh₂ Proto-Slavic *-tva Proto-Slavic *britva Old Polish brzytwa Inherited from Proto-Slavic *britva. First attested in the 14th century. Etymology templates: {{etymon|zlw-opl|inh|sla-pro>*britva>razor|id=razor|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Slavic *briti Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tweh₂ Proto-Slavic *-tva Proto-Slavic *britva Old Polish brzytwa, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|zlw-opl|sla-pro|*britva|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *britva, {{inh+|zlw-opl|sla-pro|*britva}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *britva, {{etydate/the|14th century}} the 14th century, {{etydate|14th century}} First attested in the 14th century Head templates: {{zlw-opl-noun|f}} brzytwa f
  1. (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) razor (blade used for shaving) Tags: feminine

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /ˈbʐɘ.tfa/, /ˈbr̝ɨ.tfa/ [Middle, Polish], /ˈbʐɨ.tfa/ [Middle, Polish]
Rhymes: -ɘtfa Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Slavic *briti Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tweh₂ Proto-Slavic *-tva Proto-Slavic *britva Old Polish brzytwa Polish brzytwa Inherited from Old Polish brzytwa. Etymology templates: {{etymon|pl|inh|zlw-opl>brzytwa>razor|id=razor|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Slavic *briti Proto-Indo-European *-tus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tweh₂ Proto-Slavic *-tva Proto-Slavic *britva Old Polish brzytwa Polish brzytwa, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|brzytwa|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish brzytwa, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|brzytwa}} Inherited from Old Polish brzytwa Head templates: {{pl-noun|f|adj=brzytewny|dim=brzytewka}} brzytwa f (diminutive brzytewka, related adjective brzytewny) Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-f|genp=brzytw/brzytew}} Forms: brzytewka [diminutive], brzytewny [adjective], no-table-tags [table-tags], brzytwa [nominative, singular], brzytwy [nominative, plural], brzytwy [genitive, singular], brzytw [genitive, plural], brzytew [genitive, plural], brzytwie [dative, singular], brzytwom [dative, plural], brzytwę [accusative, singular], brzytwy [accusative, plural], brzytwą [instrumental, singular], brzytwami [instrumental, plural], brzytwie [locative, singular], brzytwach [locative, plural], brzytwo [singular, vocative], brzytwy [plural, vocative], brzytew [alternative]
  1. razor (blade used for shaving) Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-brzytwa-pl-noun-MO661OGY
  2. (colloquial, figuratively) razor (strict, decisive, demanding person) Tags: colloquial, feminine, figuratively Categories (topical): People Synonyms: piła
    Sense id: en-brzytwa-pl-noun-hpr76SPs Disambiguation of People: 9 28 21 0 5 30 8
  3. (colloquial, figuratively) someone sharp as a tack (person with much knowledge about a subject) Tags: colloquial, feminine, figuratively Categories (topical): People
    Sense id: en-brzytwa-pl-noun-HDxLBZjW Disambiguation of People: 9 28 21 0 5 30 8
  4. (obsolete) shaving (process of shaving) Tags: feminine, obsolete Synonyms: golenie
    Sense id: en-brzytwa-pl-noun-XKBUFX~p
  5. (obsolete) razorfish (any of various not closely related fish, including those of the genera Aeoliscus, Centriscus, and Xyrichtys) Tags: feminine, obsolete Categories (lifeform): Syngnathiform fish
    Sense id: en-brzytwa-pl-noun-HOpYXH9S Disambiguation of Syngnathiform fish: 2 4 1 1 41 41 11
  6. (obsolete, in the plural, thieve's cant) playing cards Tags: feminine, in-plural, obsolete Categories (topical): People, Toiletries Categories (lifeform): Syngnathiform fish
    Sense id: en-brzytwa-pl-noun-snDpFWtO Disambiguation of People: 9 28 21 0 5 30 8 Disambiguation of Toiletries: 24 24 1 1 6 34 10 Disambiguation of Syngnathiform fish: 2 4 1 1 41 41 11 Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 31 2 3 1 2 8 41 12 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 24 1 2 1 1 9 48 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 7 14 4 2 9 48 16 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 4 10 3 1 10 56 17 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 8 16 5 3 14 41 14 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 6 14 4 2 10 48 16 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 6 13 4 2 10 49 16
  7. (Middle Polish) obstacle; difficulty Tags: Middle, Polish, feminine Categories (lifeform): Syngnathiform fish Synonyms: przeszkoda, trudnośc
    Sense id: en-brzytwa-pl-noun-mmVLGArf Disambiguation of Syngnathiform fish: 2 4 1 1 41 41 11 Categories (other): Middle Polish
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: brzytwa Ockhama, małpa z brzytwą, tonący brzytwy się chwyta, spuścić po brzytwie [perfective], spuszczać po brzytwie [imperfective]

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "brzytwa",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: brzytwa, brzytew (obsolete or dialectal, Northern Greater Polish, Far Masovian, Northern Borderlands)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: brzytwa, brzytew (obsolete or dialectal, Northern Greater Polish, Far Masovian, Northern Borderlands)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "szl",
            "2": "brzitwa"
          },
          "expansion": "Silesian: brzitwa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Silesian: brzitwa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "sla-pro>*britva>razor",
        "id": "razor",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰreyH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Slavic *briti\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tweh₂\nProto-Slavic *-tva\nProto-Slavic *britva\nOld Polish brzytwa",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*britva",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *britva",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*britva"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *britva",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "the 14th century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰreyH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Slavic *briti\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tweh₂\nProto-Slavic *-tva\nProto-Slavic *britva\nOld Polish brzytwa\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *britva. First attested in the 14th century.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "brzytwa f",
      "name": "zlw-opl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with etymology trees",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              23,
              31
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1874 [1394], Monumenta Medii Aevi Historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia. Pomniki Dziejowe Wieków Średnich do objaśnienia rzeczy polskich służące, volume XV, page 212:",
          "text": "Pro II rasoriis dictis brzythwi",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
          "ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 51, 2:",
          "text": "Iako brzitwa ostra vczinil ies newarø",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              45,
              53
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 88v:",
          "text": "Nouaculum idem quod rasorium eyn schermesser brzythwą",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "razor (blade used for shaving)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brzytwa-zlw-opl-noun-MO661OGY",
      "links": [
        [
          "razor",
          "razor"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) razor (blade used for shaving)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/br̝itfa/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/br̝itfa/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brzytwa"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "brzytwa Ockhama"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "małpa z brzytwą"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "tonący brzytwy się chwyta"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "spuścić po brzytwie"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "spuszczać po brzytwie"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl>brzytwa>razor",
        "id": "razor",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰreyH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Slavic *briti\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tweh₂\nProto-Slavic *-tva\nProto-Slavic *britva\nOld Polish brzytwa\nPolish brzytwa",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "brzytwa",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish brzytwa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "brzytwa"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish brzytwa",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰreyH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Slavic *briti\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tweh₂\nProto-Slavic *-tva\nProto-Slavic *britva\nOld Polish brzytwa\nPolish brzytwa\nInherited from Old Polish brzytwa.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "brzytewka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytewny",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytew",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytew",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "adj": "brzytewny",
        "dim": "brzytewka"
      },
      "expansion": "brzytwa f (diminutive brzytewka, related adjective brzytewny)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "brzy‧twa"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "genp": "brzytw/brzytew"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "razor (blade used for shaving)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brzytwa-pl-noun-MO661OGY",
      "links": [
        [
          "razor",
          "razor"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 28 21 0 5 30 8",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "pl:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "razor (strict, decisive, demanding person)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brzytwa-pl-noun-hpr76SPs",
      "links": [
        [
          "razor",
          "razor"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, figuratively) razor (strict, decisive, demanding person)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "piła"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "feminine",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 28 21 0 5 30 8",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "pl:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "someone sharp as a tack (person with much knowledge about a subject)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brzytwa-pl-noun-HDxLBZjW",
      "links": [
        [
          "sharp as a tack",
          "sharp as a tack"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, figuratively) someone sharp as a tack (person with much knowledge about a subject)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "feminine",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "shaving (process of shaving)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brzytwa-pl-noun-XKBUFX~p",
      "links": [
        [
          "shaving",
          "shave"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) shaving (process of shaving)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "golenie"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 4 1 1 41 41 11",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Syngnathiform fish",
          "orig": "pl:Syngnathiform fish",
          "parents": [
            "Fish",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "razorfish (any of various not closely related fish, including those of the genera Aeoliscus, Centriscus, and Xyrichtys)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brzytwa-pl-noun-HOpYXH9S",
      "links": [
        [
          "razorfish",
          "razorfish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) razorfish (any of various not closely related fish, including those of the genera Aeoliscus, Centriscus, and Xyrichtys)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 2 3 1 2 8 41 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 1 2 1 1 9 48 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 14 4 2 9 48 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with etymology trees",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 10 3 1 10 56 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 5 3 14 41 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 14 4 2 10 48 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 13 4 2 10 49 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 28 21 0 5 30 8",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "pl:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 1 1 6 34 10",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Toiletries",
          "orig": "pl:Toiletries",
          "parents": [
            "Hygiene",
            "Health",
            "Body",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 4 1 1 41 41 11",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Syngnathiform fish",
          "orig": "pl:Syngnathiform fish",
          "parents": [
            "Fish",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "playing cards"
      ],
      "id": "en-brzytwa-pl-noun-snDpFWtO",
      "links": [
        [
          "playing card",
          "playing card"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "thieve's cant",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, in the plural, thieve's cant) playing cards"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "in-plural",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 4 1 1 41 41 11",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Syngnathiform fish",
          "orig": "pl:Syngnathiform fish",
          "parents": [
            "Fish",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "obstacle; difficulty"
      ],
      "id": "en-brzytwa-pl-noun-mmVLGArf",
      "links": [
        [
          "obstacle",
          "obstacle"
        ],
        [
          "difficulty",
          "difficulty"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) obstacle; difficulty"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "przeszkoda"
        },
        {
          "word": "trudnośc"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʐɘ.tfa/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbr̝ɨ.tfa/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʐɨ.tfa/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɘtfa"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Brzytwa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brzytwa"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "pl:People",
    "pl:Syngnathiform fish",
    "pl:Toiletries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "brzytwa",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: brzytwa, brzytew (obsolete or dialectal, Northern Greater Polish, Far Masovian, Northern Borderlands)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: brzytwa, brzytew (obsolete or dialectal, Northern Greater Polish, Far Masovian, Northern Borderlands)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "szl",
            "2": "brzitwa"
          },
          "expansion": "Silesian: brzitwa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Silesian: brzitwa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "sla-pro>*britva>razor",
        "id": "razor",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰreyH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Slavic *briti\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tweh₂\nProto-Slavic *-tva\nProto-Slavic *britva\nOld Polish brzytwa",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*britva",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *britva",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*britva"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *britva",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "the 14th century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰreyH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Slavic *briti\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tweh₂\nProto-Slavic *-tva\nProto-Slavic *britva\nOld Polish brzytwa\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *britva. First attested in the 14th century.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "brzytwa f",
      "name": "zlw-opl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greater Poland Old Polish",
        "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
        "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
        "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Polish feminine nouns",
        "Old Polish lemmas",
        "Old Polish nouns",
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰreyH-",
        "Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
        "Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "zlw-opl:Toiletries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              23,
              31
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1874 [1394], Monumenta Medii Aevi Historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia. Pomniki Dziejowe Wieków Średnich do objaśnienia rzeczy polskich służące, volume XV, page 212:",
          "text": "Pro II rasoriis dictis brzythwi",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
          "ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 51, 2:",
          "text": "Iako brzitwa ostra vczinil ies newarø",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              45,
              53
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 88v:",
          "text": "Nouaculum idem quod rasorium eyn schermesser brzythwą",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "razor (blade used for shaving)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "razor",
          "razor"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) razor (blade used for shaving)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/br̝itfa/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/br̝itfa/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brzytwa"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with etymology trees",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰreyH-",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɘtfa",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɘtfa/2 syllables",
    "pl:People",
    "pl:Syngnathiform fish",
    "pl:Toiletries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "brzytwa Ockhama"
    },
    {
      "word": "małpa z brzytwą"
    },
    {
      "word": "tonący brzytwy się chwyta"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "spuścić po brzytwie"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "spuszczać po brzytwie"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl>brzytwa>razor",
        "id": "razor",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰreyH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Slavic *briti\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tweh₂\nProto-Slavic *-tva\nProto-Slavic *britva\nOld Polish brzytwa\nPolish brzytwa",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "brzytwa",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish brzytwa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "brzytwa"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish brzytwa",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰreyH-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Slavic *briti\nProto-Indo-European *-tus\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tweh₂\nProto-Slavic *-tva\nProto-Slavic *britva\nOld Polish brzytwa\nPolish brzytwa\nInherited from Old Polish brzytwa.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "brzytewka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytewny",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytew",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytwy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brzytew",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "adj": "brzytewny",
        "dim": "brzytewka"
      },
      "expansion": "brzytwa f (diminutive brzytewka, related adjective brzytewny)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "brzy‧twa"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "genp": "brzytw/brzytew"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "razor (blade used for shaving)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "razor",
          "razor"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish colloquialisms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "razor (strict, decisive, demanding person)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "razor",
          "razor"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, figuratively) razor (strict, decisive, demanding person)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "piła"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "feminine",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish colloquialisms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "someone sharp as a tack (person with much knowledge about a subject)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sharp as a tack",
          "sharp as a tack"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, figuratively) someone sharp as a tack (person with much knowledge about a subject)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "feminine",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "shaving (process of shaving)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shaving",
          "shave"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) shaving (process of shaving)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "golenie"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "razorfish (any of various not closely related fish, including those of the genera Aeoliscus, Centriscus, and Xyrichtys)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "razorfish",
          "razorfish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) razorfish (any of various not closely related fish, including those of the genera Aeoliscus, Centriscus, and Xyrichtys)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "playing cards"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "playing card",
          "playing card"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "thieve's cant",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, in the plural, thieve's cant) playing cards"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "in-plural",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "obstacle; difficulty"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "obstacle",
          "obstacle"
        ],
        [
          "difficulty",
          "difficulty"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) obstacle; difficulty"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "przeszkoda"
        },
        {
          "word": "trudnośc"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʐɘ.tfa/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbr̝ɨ.tfa/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʐɨ.tfa/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɘtfa"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Brzytwa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brzytwa"
}

Download raw JSONL data for brzytwa meaning in All languages combined (10.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.