See brona on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*borna"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *borna",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *borna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bronow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bronam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bronami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bronach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "brona f",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bron"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-1"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "dsb",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "dsb:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "dsb",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "dsb:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "47 6 2 3 5 13 2 1 4 10 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 8 2 2 6 17 2 1 5 12 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"harrow (device for smoothing and breaking up soil)"
],
"id": "en-brona-dsb-noun-GvatlITz",
"links": [
[
"harrow",
"harrow"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔna/"
}
],
"word": "brona"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "brona",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: brona, bruna (Far Masovian)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: brona, bruna (Far Masovian)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*borna",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *borna",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*borna"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *borna",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1255"
},
"expansion": "1255",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1255"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1255",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *borna. First attested in 1255.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "brona f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "34 14 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [1412], Archiwum Komisji Prawniczej. Collectanea ex Archivo Collegii Iuridici, volume VIIIa, page 114:",
"text": "Quequidem pars nuncupatur Samborowska brona",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1905, 1907, 1908 [1445], Theodorus Wierzbowski, editor, Matricularum Regni Poloniae summaria, excussis codicibus, qui in Chartophylacio Maximo Varsoviensi asservantur. P. 4, Sigismundi I regis tempora complectens (1507-1548). Vol. 3, Acta vicecancellariorum, 1533-1548, volume IV, numbers 3, 811:",
"text": "Aream circa fluvium Rudawa inter valvam civitatis dictam Kazimirska brona... donat",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 20, 11:",
"text": "Odewrze tobye broni, wszistek lvd... sbawyon bødze a bødze tobye slvzicz w poddanyv",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Jos”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 2, 5:",
"text": "Brona zawarta bila",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “III Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 16, 34:",
"text": "W Segub... postawil broni gego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “IV Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 23, 8:",
"text": "Skazil oltarze przed bronamy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “IV Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 25, 4:",
"text": "Møszowye bronny w noci vcyekly drogø tey broni, gesz gest myedzi dwoym murem",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “I Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 11, 17:",
"text": "O, abi kto dal my wodi s cysterni bethleemskey, iasz gest w bronye",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “I Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 19, 9:",
"text": "Szedszi sinowye Amonowy, spyczø sposobyly podlug broni myesczskey",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “II Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 23, 19:",
"text": "Vstauil wrotne w bronach domv bozego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 1, 3:",
"text": "Mur ierusalemski skazon gest, a broni gego spalyoni sø ognyem",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 2, 8:",
"text": "Day my... lyst ku Azafowy, polesznemv krolyowv, abi my dal drzewa, abich mog pokricz bronø koscyola",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 2, 13:",
"text": "Viszedlem bronø walnø w noci a przed studnyczø drakovø asz ku bronye gnoyney, opatrzaiø muri ierusalemske skazone a broni gego ognyem visszone",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 2, 14:",
"text": "Szedlem ku bronye studnyczney",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 3, 20:",
"text": "Dzalal na gorze Baruch... od wøgla asz do broni domv wyelykego kaplana",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 3, 26:",
"text": "Natumeysci, gisz bidlyly w Ofel, przecyw bronye wodney na wschod sluncza vdzalaly wyeszø przewisoko",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 8, 1:",
"text": "Sydze syø... lyvd... do vlyce, gesz gest v broni vodney",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Nah”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 2, 6:",
"text": "Broni po[to]kowe otwarti sø, a koscyol asz [do] zemye skaszon gest",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1936 [1470], Ludwik Musioł, editor, Staropolskie teksty z protokolarza miasta Wozniki w wojewodztwie slaskim, 1521-1570, volume II, Woźniki, page 16:",
"text": "Od liepienya brony",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 40:",
"text": "Na broną in fastigio por te",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 140:",
"text": "Jesus jako jest opuścił lwy, poszedł w bronę mieską i wszedł sam",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1875 [1253-1258], Wojciech Kętrzyński, Stanisław Smolka, editors, Codex diplomaticus Monasterii Tynecensis = Kodeks dyplomatyczny klasztoru tynieckiego. Cz. 1, Obejmująca rzeczy od roku 1105 do roku 1399, Tyniec, page 43:",
"text": "Villam hominum castri Cracouiensis ad custodiam brone de Mislimich pertinentium",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Diplomatic code of Poland",
"ref": "1853 [1292], Antoni Muczkowski, Leon Ryszczewski, editors, Codex diplomaticus Poloniae [Diplomatic code of Poland], volume III, page 158:",
"roman": "Incole undecunąue venientes ad inhabitandam ipsam civitatem per ducatus nostros Cracovie et Sandomirie liberum habeant transitum, a theloneis absolvuntur et iidem incole in civitate comorantes per utramąue wartham id est bronam in wulgari, versus Ungariam, ad nullum eciam theloneum teneantur",
"text": "Incole undecunąue venientes ad inhabitandam ipsam civitatem per ducatus nostros Cracovie et Sandomirie liberum habeant transitum, a theloneis absolvuntur et iidem incole in civitate comorantes per utramąue wartham id est bronam in wulgari, versus Ungariam, ad nullum eciam theloneum teneantur",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gate (doorlike structure)"
],
"id": "en-brona-zlw-opl-noun-b-lSdX9U",
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Silesia; Lesser Poland; attested in Silesia; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Silesia, Lesser Poland) gate (doorlike structure)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish hapax legomena",
"parents": [
"Hapax legomena",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874 [1255], Monumenta Medii Aevi Historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia. Pomniki Dziejowe Wieków Średnich do objaśnienia rzeczy polskich służące, volume IX, page 100:",
"text": "Marcam auri de theloneo, populariter dicto brona",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gate fee (fee for passing or carrying something through a gate)"
],
"id": "en-brona-zlw-opl-noun-PjS5ppli",
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
],
[
"fee",
"fee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hapax legomenon) gate fee (fee for passing or carrying something through a gate)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pomerania Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1920 [1411], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 1664, Płońsk:",
"text": "Yacom ya ne wzøl Adamowi broni na polu",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1877-1881 [1437], Władysław Wisłocki, editor, Katalog rękopisów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, number 228, page 86:",
"text": "Brona erpica",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1876-1929 [c. 1455], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume XIV, Miechów, Kruchowo, page 493:",
"text": "Brona rolna dentena",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “I Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 20, 3:",
"text": "Ten lyvd, gen bil w nyem, wiwyodl gy precz y kazal gy cepi mlocycz a zelyazne broni po nych wloczicz, a okowanimy wozi przes nye geszdzicz tak, abi bily rostargany",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1921 [1456], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 236:",
"text": "Brona et redlo aratrum",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [1463], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, Malonowo, page 13:",
"text": "Brona trageta",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 48:",
"text": "Zielazne brony trahas",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [1471], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIII, page 283:",
"text": "Brona arpica",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV p. post.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, page 11:",
"text": "Brona traha",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1908 [c. 1500], Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490, Lubiń, page 5:",
"text": "Broną erpica; grabye vel broną rastrum",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [c. 1500], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XLVII, page 355:",
"text": "Brona, szanye traha",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1442, Wokabularz Raczyńskich, Biblioteki Raczyńskich w Poznaniu, sygn. 1360/I, page 87r:",
"text": "Dentelia dentenia uel dentalia sunt rostra uel dentes aratri id est womeris vlg. brona",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1463, Wokabularz petersburski VII, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.Q.ch.I.100, page 13:",
"text": "*Trageta brona",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski III, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.Q.ch.XVI.32., page 11:",
"text": "Traha brona",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 46r:",
"text": "Erpica est rastrum eyn ege oder schlidte broną",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 113r:",
"text": "Rastrum eyn ege oder eyn reche instrumentum rusticale grabye vel broną",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"harrow (toothed agricultural tool used to loosen and clean the soil and cover the seed)"
],
"id": "en-brona-zlw-opl-noun-Zh~CTYo1",
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"harrow",
"harrow"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; Pomerania; attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; Pomerania",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland, Greater Poland, Pomerania, agriculture) harrow (toothed agricultural tool used to loosen and clean the soil and cover the seed)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish hapax legomena",
"parents": [
"Hapax legomena",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 [1393], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 4586, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Suas Drziconis spicas broni non secuit ne posecl",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"id": "en-brona-zlw-opl-noun-xvbE2kAR",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/brɔna/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/brɔna/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "brona"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "brona",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish brona",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "brona"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish brona",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "brama",
"t1": "gate"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of brama (“gate”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish brona. Doublet of brama (“gate”), derived from Old Czech.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bron",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "broną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brono",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bruna",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "brona f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bro‧na"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "pl:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "60 10 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 12 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 10 10 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 10 9 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 9 7 43",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Organs",
"orig": "pl:Organs",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 13 6 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Walls and fences",
"orig": "pl:Walls and fences",
"parents": [
"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"harrow (device consisting of a heavy framework having several disks or teeth in a row, which is dragged across ploughed land to smooth or break up the soil, to remove weeds or cover seeds)"
],
"id": "en-brona-pl-noun-Y7YGn6PM",
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"harrow",
"harrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(agriculture) harrow (device consisting of a heavy framework having several disks or teeth in a row, which is dragged across ploughed land to smooth or break up the soil, to remove weeds or cover seeds)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 50 4 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "pl:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"portcullis (lifting grate used to secure a gate in a defensive wall)"
],
"id": "en-brona-pl-noun-5XKMUNJh",
"links": [
[
"portcullis",
"portcullis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) portcullis (lifting grate used to secure a gate in a defensive wall)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Central Greater Poland Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kielce Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovian Borderland Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Borderlands Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Kraków Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of brama"
],
"id": "en-brona-pl-noun-RAjGmRst",
"links": [
[
"brama",
"brama#Polish"
]
],
"qualifier": "Northern Borderlands; Central Greater Poland; Northern Borderlands; Central Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz) Synonym of brama"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "brama"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Podlachia Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "27 6 9 58",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Obstetrics",
"orig": "pl:Obstetrics",
"parents": [
"Developmental biology",
"Medicine",
"Pregnancy",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Body",
"Gynaecology",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Female",
"Fundamental",
"Gender",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Social sciences",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 9 7 43",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Organs",
"orig": "pl:Organs",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cow placenta (sac in which the cow's fetus developed and which is released after calving)"
],
"id": "en-brona-pl-noun-E7Tp6hYX",
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
],
[
"placenta",
"placenta"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Podlachia) cow placenta (sac in which the cow's fetus developed and which is released after calving)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
"note": "Far Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
"note": "Podlachia"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
"note": "Masovian Borderland"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
"note": "Kraków"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
"note": "Northern Borderlands"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔna"
}
],
"word": "brona"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "брона",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "brona"
},
"expansion": "brona f (Cyrillic spelling брона)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 44 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bronze (alloy)."
],
"id": "en-brona-sh-noun-sOc8OUZn",
"links": [
[
"Bronze",
"bronze"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "sh:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 44 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 86 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Alloys",
"orig": "sh:Alloys",
"parents": [
"Metals",
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bronze medal."
],
"id": "en-brona-sh-noun-6hDuYL9D",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"bronze medal",
"bronze medal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports) A bronze medal."
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 25 45",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Musical instruments",
"orig": "sh:Musical instruments",
"parents": [
"Music",
"Tools",
"Art",
"Sound",
"Technology",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A cowbell."
],
"id": "en-brona-sh-noun-zfXD5JpI",
"links": [
[
"cowbell",
"cowbell"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "brona"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sh:Alloys",
"sh:Musical instruments"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*borna"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *borna",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *borna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bronow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bronam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bronami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronje",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bronach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "brona f",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bron"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-1"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lower Sorbian feminine nouns",
"Lower Sorbian lemmas",
"Lower Sorbian nouns",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"dsb:Agriculture",
"dsb:Tools"
],
"glosses": [
"harrow (device for smoothing and breaking up soil)"
],
"links": [
[
"harrow",
"harrow"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔna/"
}
],
"word": "brona"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sh:Alloys",
"sh:Musical instruments",
"zlw-opl:Money",
"zlw-opl:Walls and fences"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "brona",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: brona, bruna (Far Masovian)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: brona, bruna (Far Masovian)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*borna",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *borna",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*borna"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *borna",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1255"
},
"expansion": "1255",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1255"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1255",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *borna. First attested in 1255.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "brona f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Silesia Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [1412], Archiwum Komisji Prawniczej. Collectanea ex Archivo Collegii Iuridici, volume VIIIa, page 114:",
"text": "Quequidem pars nuncupatur Samborowska brona",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1905, 1907, 1908 [1445], Theodorus Wierzbowski, editor, Matricularum Regni Poloniae summaria, excussis codicibus, qui in Chartophylacio Maximo Varsoviensi asservantur. P. 4, Sigismundi I regis tempora complectens (1507-1548). Vol. 3, Acta vicecancellariorum, 1533-1548, volume IV, numbers 3, 811:",
"text": "Aream circa fluvium Rudawa inter valvam civitatis dictam Kazimirska brona... donat",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 20, 11:",
"text": "Odewrze tobye broni, wszistek lvd... sbawyon bødze a bødze tobye slvzicz w poddanyv",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Jos”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 2, 5:",
"text": "Brona zawarta bila",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “III Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 16, 34:",
"text": "W Segub... postawil broni gego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “IV Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 23, 8:",
"text": "Skazil oltarze przed bronamy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “IV Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 25, 4:",
"text": "Møszowye bronny w noci vcyekly drogø tey broni, gesz gest myedzi dwoym murem",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “I Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 11, 17:",
"text": "O, abi kto dal my wodi s cysterni bethleemskey, iasz gest w bronye",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “I Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 19, 9:",
"text": "Szedszi sinowye Amonowy, spyczø sposobyly podlug broni myesczskey",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “II Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 23, 19:",
"text": "Vstauil wrotne w bronach domv bozego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 1, 3:",
"text": "Mur ierusalemski skazon gest, a broni gego spalyoni sø ognyem",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 2, 8:",
"text": "Day my... lyst ku Azafowy, polesznemv krolyowv, abi my dal drzewa, abich mog pokricz bronø koscyola",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 2, 13:",
"text": "Viszedlem bronø walnø w noci a przed studnyczø drakovø asz ku bronye gnoyney, opatrzaiø muri ierusalemske skazone a broni gego ognyem visszone",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 2, 14:",
"text": "Szedlem ku bronye studnyczney",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 3, 20:",
"text": "Dzalal na gorze Baruch... od wøgla asz do broni domv wyelykego kaplana",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 3, 26:",
"text": "Natumeysci, gisz bidlyly w Ofel, przecyw bronye wodney na wschod sluncza vdzalaly wyeszø przewisoko",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Neh”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 8, 1:",
"text": "Sydze syø... lyvd... do vlyce, gesz gest v broni vodney",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Nah”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 2, 6:",
"text": "Broni po[to]kowe otwarti sø, a koscyol asz [do] zemye skaszon gest",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1936 [1470], Ludwik Musioł, editor, Staropolskie teksty z protokolarza miasta Wozniki w wojewodztwie slaskim, 1521-1570, volume II, Woźniki, page 16:",
"text": "Od liepienya brony",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 40:",
"text": "Na broną in fastigio por te",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 140:",
"text": "Jesus jako jest opuścił lwy, poszedł w bronę mieską i wszedł sam",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1875 [1253-1258], Wojciech Kętrzyński, Stanisław Smolka, editors, Codex diplomaticus Monasterii Tynecensis = Kodeks dyplomatyczny klasztoru tynieckiego. Cz. 1, Obejmująca rzeczy od roku 1105 do roku 1399, Tyniec, page 43:",
"text": "Villam hominum castri Cracouiensis ad custodiam brone de Mislimich pertinentium",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Diplomatic code of Poland",
"ref": "1853 [1292], Antoni Muczkowski, Leon Ryszczewski, editors, Codex diplomaticus Poloniae [Diplomatic code of Poland], volume III, page 158:",
"roman": "Incole undecunąue venientes ad inhabitandam ipsam civitatem per ducatus nostros Cracovie et Sandomirie liberum habeant transitum, a theloneis absolvuntur et iidem incole in civitate comorantes per utramąue wartham id est bronam in wulgari, versus Ungariam, ad nullum eciam theloneum teneantur",
"text": "Incole undecunąue venientes ad inhabitandam ipsam civitatem per ducatus nostros Cracovie et Sandomirie liberum habeant transitum, a theloneis absolvuntur et iidem incole in civitate comorantes per utramąue wartham id est bronam in wulgari, versus Ungariam, ad nullum eciam theloneum teneantur",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gate (doorlike structure)"
],
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Silesia; Lesser Poland; attested in Silesia; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Silesia, Lesser Poland) gate (doorlike structure)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish hapax legomena",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874 [1255], Monumenta Medii Aevi Historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia. Pomniki Dziejowe Wieków Średnich do objaśnienia rzeczy polskich służące, volume IX, page 100:",
"text": "Marcam auri de theloneo, populariter dicto brona",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gate fee (fee for passing or carrying something through a gate)"
],
"links": [
[
"gate",
"gate"
],
[
"fee",
"fee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hapax legomenon) gate fee (fee for passing or carrying something through a gate)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Pomerania Old Polish",
"zlw-opl:Agriculture"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1920 [1411], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 1664, Płońsk:",
"text": "Yacom ya ne wzøl Adamowi broni na polu",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1877-1881 [1437], Władysław Wisłocki, editor, Katalog rękopisów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, number 228, page 86:",
"text": "Brona erpica",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1876-1929 [c. 1455], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume XIV, Miechów, Kruchowo, page 493:",
"text": "Brona rolna dentena",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “I Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 20, 3:",
"text": "Ten lyvd, gen bil w nyem, wiwyodl gy precz y kazal gy cepi mlocycz a zelyazne broni po nych wloczicz, a okowanimy wozi przes nye geszdzicz tak, abi bily rostargany",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1921 [1456], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 236:",
"text": "Brona et redlo aratrum",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [1463], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, Malonowo, page 13:",
"text": "Brona trageta",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 48:",
"text": "Zielazne brony trahas",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [1471], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIII, page 283:",
"text": "Brona arpica",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [XV p. post.], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume V, page 11:",
"text": "Brona traha",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1908 [c. 1500], Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490, Lubiń, page 5:",
"text": "Broną erpica; grabye vel broną rastrum",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [c. 1500], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XLVII, page 355:",
"text": "Brona, szanye traha",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1442, Wokabularz Raczyńskich, Biblioteki Raczyńskich w Poznaniu, sygn. 1360/I, page 87r:",
"text": "Dentelia dentenia uel dentalia sunt rostra uel dentes aratri id est womeris vlg. brona",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1463, Wokabularz petersburski VII, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.Q.ch.I.100, page 13:",
"text": "*Trageta brona",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "XV p. post., Wokabularz petersburski III, Cesarskiej Biblioteki Publicznej w Petersburgu, sygn. Lat.Q.ch.XVI.32., page 11:",
"text": "Traha brona",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 46r:",
"text": "Erpica est rastrum eyn ege oder schlidte broną",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 113r:",
"text": "Rastrum eyn ege oder eyn reche instrumentum rusticale grabye vel broną",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"harrow (toothed agricultural tool used to loosen and clean the soil and cover the seed)"
],
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"harrow",
"harrow"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; Pomerania; attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; Pomerania",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland, Greater Poland, Pomerania, agriculture) harrow (toothed agricultural tool used to loosen and clean the soil and cover the seed)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish hapax legomena",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 [1393], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 4586, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Suas Drziconis spicas broni non secuit ne posecl",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/brɔna/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/brɔna/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "brona"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔna",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔna/2 syllables",
"pl:Obstetrics",
"pl:Organs",
"pl:Tools",
"pl:Walls and fences",
"sh:Alloys",
"sh:Musical instruments"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "brona",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish brona",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "brona"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish brona",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "brama",
"t1": "gate"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of brama (“gate”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish brona. Doublet of brama (“gate”), derived from Old Czech.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brona",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bron",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "broną",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bronie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bronach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brono",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "brony",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bruna",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "brona f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bro‧na"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Agriculture"
],
"glosses": [
"harrow (device consisting of a heavy framework having several disks or teeth in a row, which is dragged across ploughed land to smooth or break up the soil, to remove weeds or cover seeds)"
],
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"harrow",
"harrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(agriculture) harrow (device consisting of a heavy framework having several disks or teeth in a row, which is dragged across ploughed land to smooth or break up the soil, to remove weeds or cover seeds)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"portcullis (lifting grate used to secure a gate in a defensive wall)"
],
"links": [
[
"portcullis",
"portcullis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) portcullis (lifting grate used to secure a gate in a defensive wall)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Central Greater Poland Polish",
"Kielce Polish",
"Masovian Borderland Polish",
"Northern Borderlands Polish",
"Western Kraków Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of brama"
],
"links": [
[
"brama",
"brama#Polish"
]
],
"qualifier": "Northern Borderlands; Central Greater Poland; Northern Borderlands; Central Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz) Synonym of brama"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "brama"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Podlachia Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"cow placenta (sac in which the cow's fetus developed and which is released after calving)"
],
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
],
[
"placenta",
"placenta"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Podlachia) cow placenta (sac in which the cow's fetus developed and which is released after calving)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
"note": "Far Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
"note": "Podlachia"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
"note": "Masovian Borderland"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
"note": "Kraków"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
"note": "Northern Borderlands"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔna"
}
],
"word": "brona"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with redundant head parameter",
"sh:Alloys",
"sh:Musical instruments"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "брона",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "brona"
},
"expansion": "brona f (Cyrillic spelling брона)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Bronze (alloy)."
],
"links": [
[
"Bronze",
"bronze"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"sh:Sports"
],
"glosses": [
"A bronze medal."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"bronze medal",
"bronze medal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports) A bronze medal."
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A cowbell."
],
"links": [
[
"cowbell",
"cowbell"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "brona"
}
Download raw JSONL data for brona meaning in All languages combined (21.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Podlachia",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Podlachia",
"path": [
"brona"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "brona",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (51d164f and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.