"brona" meaning in Polish

See brona in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈbrɔ.na/, /ˈbrɔ.na/ [Middle, Polish], [ˈbrɔ.na] (note: Central Greater Poland), [ˈbrɔ.na] (note: Far Masovian), [ˈbrɔ.na] (note: Podlachia), [ˈbrɔ.na] (note: Masovian Borderland), [ˈbrɔ.na] (note: Western Kraków), [ˈbrɔ.na] (note: Northern Borderlands)
Rhymes: -ɔna Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH-der. Proto-Slavic *borna Old Polish brona Polish brona Inherited from Old Polish brona. Doublet of brama (“gate”), derived from Old Czech. Etymology templates: {{etymon|pl|:inh|zlw-opl:brona<id:harrow>|id=harrow|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH-der. Proto-Slavic *borna Old Polish brona Polish brona [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "pierce", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*bʰerH-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*borna", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "brona", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "brona", "lang" : "pl" }" data-id="harrow" data-lang="pl" data-title="brona" id="Polish:_harrow"> Inherited from Old Polish brona., {{doublet|pl|brama|t1=gate}} Doublet of brama (“gate”) Head templates: {{pl-noun|f}} brona f Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-f}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], brona [nominative, singular], brony [nominative, plural], brony [genitive, singular], bron [genitive, plural], bronie [dative, singular], bronom [dative, plural], bronę [accusative, singular], brony [accusative, plural], broną [instrumental, singular], bronami [instrumental, plural], bronie [locative, singular], bronach [locative, plural], brono [singular, vocative], brony [plural, vocative], bruna [alternative], bróna [alternative]
  1. (agriculture) harrow (device consisting of a heavy framework having several disks or teeth in a row, which is dragged across ploughed land to smooth or break up the soil, to remove weeds or cover seeds) Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-brona-pl-noun-Y7YGn6PM Categories (other): Agriculture, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon, Far Masovian Polish, Middle Polish, Northern Borderlands Polish, Podlachia Polish, Polish entries with etymology texts, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with etymon, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks, Western Kraków Polish, Organs, Walls and fences Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 12 5 11 15 37 12 2 6 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 15 5 10 15 37 11 2 5 Disambiguation of Far Masovian Polish: 43 37 6 14 Disambiguation of Middle Polish: 79 14 2 5 Disambiguation of Northern Borderlands Polish: 50 15 29 6 Disambiguation of Podlachia Polish: 53 16 3 28 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology texts: 70 19 3 8 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 71 18 3 8 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymon: 73 18 3 6 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 74 16 2 8 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 53 24 4 18 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 63 18 2 16 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 66 17 3 14 Disambiguation of Western Kraków Polish: 63 24 4 9 Disambiguation of Organs: 59 25 6 11 Disambiguation of Walls and fences: 42 39 6 13 Topics: agriculture, business, lifestyle
  2. (historical) portcullis (lifting grate used to secure a gate in a defensive wall) Tags: feminine, historical
    Sense id: en-brona-pl-noun-5XKMUNJh Categories (other): Far Masovian Polish, Tools, Walls and fences Disambiguation of Far Masovian Polish: 43 37 6 14 Disambiguation of Tools: 25 57 6 12 Disambiguation of Walls and fences: 42 39 6 13
  3. (Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz) synonym of brama Tags: feminine Synonyms: brama [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-brona-pl-noun-fFMNd5pu Categories (other): Central Greater Poland Polish, Kielce Polish, Masovian Borderland Polish, Northern Borderlands Polish, Western Kraków Polish, Masovian Borderland Polish Disambiguation of Masovian Borderland Polish: 28 24 40 8
  4. (Podlachia) cow placenta (sac in which the cow's fetus developed and which is released after calving) Tags: feminine Hypernyms: łożysko
    Sense id: en-brona-pl-noun-E7Tp6hYX Categories (other): Podlachia Polish, Far Masovian Polish, Walls and fences Disambiguation of Far Masovian Polish: 43 37 6 14 Disambiguation of Walls and fences: 42 39 6 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Categories (other): Obstetrics Disambiguation of Obstetrics: 0 0 0 0

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "pl",
      "name": "Obstetrics",
      "orig": "pl:Obstetrics",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:brona<id:harrow>",
        "id": "harrow",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰerH-der.\nProto-Slavic *borna\nOld Polish brona\nPolish brona\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pierce\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰerH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*borna\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"brona\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"brona\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"harrow\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"brona\" id=\"Polish:_harrow\">\nInherited from Old Polish brona.",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "brama",
        "t1": "gate"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of brama (“gate”)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰerH-der.\nProto-Slavic *borna\nOld Polish brona\nPolish brona\nInherited from Old Polish brona. Doublet of brama (“gate”), derived from Old Czech.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brona",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brony",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brony",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bron",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brony",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broną",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brono",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brony",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruna",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bróna",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "brona f",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "bro‧na"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "bro‧na"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Agriculture",
          "orig": "pl:Agriculture",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 5 11 15 37 12 2 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 5 10 15 37 11 2 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 37 6 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Far Masovian Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "79 14 2 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 15 29 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern Borderlands Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 16 3 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Podlachia Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 19 3 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "71 18 3 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "73 18 3 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 16 2 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 24 4 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 18 2 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 17 3 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 24 4 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Western Kraków Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 25 6 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Organs",
          "orig": "pl:Organs",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 39 6 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Walls and fences",
          "orig": "pl:Walls and fences",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harrow (device consisting of a heavy framework having several disks or teeth in a row, which is dragged across ploughed land to smooth or break up the soil, to remove weeds or cover seeds)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brona-pl-noun-Y7YGn6PM",
      "links": [
        [
          "agriculture",
          "agriculture"
        ],
        [
          "harrow",
          "harrow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(agriculture) harrow (device consisting of a heavy framework having several disks or teeth in a row, which is dragged across ploughed land to smooth or break up the soil, to remove weeds or cover seeds)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "agriculture",
        "business",
        "lifestyle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 37 6 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Far Masovian Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 57 6 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Tools",
          "orig": "pl:Tools",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 39 6 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Walls and fences",
          "orig": "pl:Walls and fences",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "portcullis (lifting grate used to secure a gate in a defensive wall)"
      ],
      "id": "en-brona-pl-noun-5XKMUNJh",
      "links": [
        [
          "portcullis",
          "portcullis"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) portcullis (lifting grate used to secure a gate in a defensive wall)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Central Greater Poland Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kielce Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Masovian Borderland Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern Borderlands Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Western Kraków Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 24 40 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Masovian Borderland Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "synonym of brama"
      ],
      "id": "en-brona-pl-noun-fFMNd5pu",
      "links": [
        [
          "brama",
          "brama#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Northern Borderlands; Central Greater Poland; Northern Borderlands; Central Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz) synonym of brama"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "brama"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Podlachia Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 37 6 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Far Masovian Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 39 6 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Walls and fences",
          "orig": "pl:Walls and fences",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cow placenta (sac in which the cow's fetus developed and which is released after calving)"
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "łożysko"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-brona-pl-noun-E7Tp6hYX",
      "links": [
        [
          "cow",
          "cow"
        ],
        [
          "placenta",
          "placenta"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Podlachia) cow placenta (sac in which the cow's fetus developed and which is released after calving)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Central Greater Poland"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Far Masovian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Podlachia"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Masovian Borderland"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Western Kraków"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Northern Borderlands"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔna"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brona"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Far Masovian Polish",
    "Masovian Borderland Polish",
    "Middle Polish",
    "Northern Borderlands Polish",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Podlachia Polish",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish doublets",
    "Polish entries with etymology texts",
    "Polish entries with etymology trees",
    "Polish entries with etymon",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerH- (pierce)",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Requests for accents in Serbo-Croatian noun entries",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔna",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔna/2 syllables",
    "Western Kraków Polish",
    "pl:Obstetrics",
    "pl:Organs",
    "pl:Tools",
    "pl:Walls and fences",
    "sh:Alloys",
    "sh:Musical instruments"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:brona<id:harrow>",
        "id": "harrow",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰerH-der.\nProto-Slavic *borna\nOld Polish brona\nPolish brona\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"pierce\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰerH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*borna\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"brona\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"brona\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"harrow\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"brona\" id=\"Polish:_harrow\">\nInherited from Old Polish brona.",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "brama",
        "t1": "gate"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of brama (“gate”)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰerH-der.\nProto-Slavic *borna\nOld Polish brona\nPolish brona\nInherited from Old Polish brona. Doublet of brama (“gate”), derived from Old Czech.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brona",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brony",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brony",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bron",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brony",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "broną",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bronach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brono",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "brony",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bruna",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bróna",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "brona f",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "bro‧na"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "bro‧na"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "pl:Agriculture"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harrow (device consisting of a heavy framework having several disks or teeth in a row, which is dragged across ploughed land to smooth or break up the soil, to remove weeds or cover seeds)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "agriculture",
          "agriculture"
        ],
        [
          "harrow",
          "harrow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(agriculture) harrow (device consisting of a heavy framework having several disks or teeth in a row, which is dragged across ploughed land to smooth or break up the soil, to remove weeds or cover seeds)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "agriculture",
        "business",
        "lifestyle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "portcullis (lifting grate used to secure a gate in a defensive wall)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "portcullis",
          "portcullis"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) portcullis (lifting grate used to secure a gate in a defensive wall)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Central Greater Poland Polish",
        "Kielce Polish",
        "Masovian Borderland Polish",
        "Northern Borderlands Polish",
        "Western Kraków Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "synonym of brama"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "brama",
          "brama#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Northern Borderlands; Central Greater Poland; Northern Borderlands; Central Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz) synonym of brama"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "brama"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Podlachia Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cow placenta (sac in which the cow's fetus developed and which is released after calving)"
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "łożysko"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cow",
          "cow"
        ],
        [
          "placenta",
          "placenta"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Podlachia) cow placenta (sac in which the cow's fetus developed and which is released after calving)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbrɔ.na/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Central Greater Poland"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Far Masovian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Podlachia"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Masovian Borderland"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Western Kraków"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbrɔ.na]",
      "note": "Northern Borderlands"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔna"
    }
  ],
  "word": "brona"
}

Download raw JSONL data for brona meaning in Polish (6.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Western Kraków, Northern Borderlands, Masovian Borderland, Kozienice, Kielce, Stopnica, Central Greater Poland, Kalisz",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Podlachia",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Podlachia",
  "path": [
    "brona"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "brona",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.