See boun on Wiktionary
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"ref": "c. 1375, “Book XI”, in Iohne Barbour, De geſtis bellis et uirtutibus domini Roberti de Brwyß […] (The Brus, Advocates MS. 19.2.2), Ouchtirmunſye: Iohannes Ramſay, published 1489, folio 37, verso, lines 69-73; republished at Edinburgh: National Library of Scotland, c. 2010:",
"text": "To ϸis ϸai all aſſentyt ar / And bad ϸ[air] men all mak ϸai[m] ȝar / For to be boune agayne ϸ[at] day / On ϸe beſt wiß ϸ[at] eu[ir] ϸai may",
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"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aʊn",
"Rhymes:English/aʊn/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bound"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰuH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "boun",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English boun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "boun"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English boun",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "búinn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse búinn",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English boun, from Old Norse búinn, past participle of búa (“to prepare”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bouns",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bouning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bouned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bouned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boun (third-person singular simple present bouns, present participle bouning, simple past and past participle bouned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
85
]
],
"ref": "1815, Walter Scott, “(please specify the page)”, in The Lord of the Isles, a Poem, Edinburgh: […] [F]or Archibald Constable and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; by James Ballantyne and Co., […], →OCLC:",
"text": "From Cheviot to the shores of Ross,\nFrom Solway-Sands to Marshal's - Moss,\nAll bouned them for the fight",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or get ready; prepare."
],
"links": [
[
"prepare",
"prepare"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ambitransitive) To make or get ready; prepare."
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/baʊn/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-boun.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-boun.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-boun.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-boun.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-boun.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊn"
}
],
"word": "boun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Human behaviour"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bounen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "boun",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: boun (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: boun (obsolete); bound"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "boun"
},
"expansion": "Scots: boun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: boun"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "búinn"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Norse búinn",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non-oen",
"2": "*bóinn"
},
"expansion": "Old East Norse *bóinn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Norse búinn, past participle of búa (“to prepare”). Forms with /oː/ are from Old East Norse *bóinn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bone",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boune",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bownde",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bowne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bownn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "boun",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boun",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised:",
"Motivated, raring, eager."
],
"links": [
[
"Ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepared",
"prepared"
],
[
"organised",
"organised"
],
[
"Motivated",
"motivated"
],
[
"raring",
"raring"
],
[
"eager",
"eager"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised:",
"Loyal, subservient, compliant."
],
"links": [
[
"Ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepared",
"prepared"
],
[
"organised",
"organised"
],
[
"Loyal",
"loyal"
],
[
"subservient",
"subservient"
],
[
"compliant",
"compliant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
80,
88
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
84
]
],
"english": "To this they'd all assented, / and made their men make themselves ready / to be prepared again that day / in the best way that they're able to.",
"ref": "c. 1375, “Book XI”, in Iohne Barbour, De geſtis bellis et uirtutibus domini Roberti de Brwyß […] (The Brus, Advocates MS. 19.2.2), Ouchtirmunſye: Iohannes Ramſay, published 1489, folio 37, verso, lines 69-73; republished at Edinburgh: National Library of Scotland, c. 2010:",
"text": "To ϸis ϸai all aſſentyt ar / And bad ϸ[air] men all mak ϸai[m] ȝar / For to be boune agayne ϸ[at] day / On ϸe beſt wiß ϸ[at] eu[ir] ϸai may",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised"
],
"links": [
[
"Ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepared",
"prepared"
],
[
"organised",
"organised"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Ready, prepared, organised:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Bound, going or ready to go."
],
"links": [
[
"Bound",
"bound"
],
[
"going",
"going"
],
[
"ready",
"ready"
],
[
"go",
"go"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"On the brink of; about to."
],
"links": [
[
"On",
"on"
],
[
"brink",
"brink"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) On the brink of; about to."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Close by, adjacent."
],
"links": [
[
"Close",
"close"
],
[
"by",
"by"
],
[
"adjacent",
"adjacent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Close by, adjacent."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/buːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/boːn/"
}
],
"word": "boun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Human behaviour"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "boun",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "bounen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of bounen"
],
"links": [
[
"bounen",
"bounen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "boun"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰuH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "boun",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English boun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "enm",
"3": "boun"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English boun",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "non",
"3": "búinn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse búinn",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English boun, from Old Norse búinn, past participle of búa (“prepare”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mair boun",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "maist boun",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "maist boun",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "mair boun",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "superlative"
},
"expansion": "boun (comparative mair boun, superlative maist boun)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "boun (comparative mair boun, superlative maist boun)",
"name": "sco-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots adjectives",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots terms derived from Middle English",
"Scots terms derived from Old Norse",
"Scots terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Scots terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
"Scots terms inherited from Middle English"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Robert Henryson, ‘The Abbey Walk’",
"text": "Therefore ever thou mak thee boun / To obey, and thank thy God of all."
}
],
"glosses": [
"ready, prepared"
],
"links": [
[
"ready",
"ready"
],
[
"prepared",
"prepared"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bʌun/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bun/"
}
],
"word": "boun"
}
Download raw JSONL data for boun meaning in All languages combined (11.3kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''Ready, prepared, organised:'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"boun"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "boun",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.