See bosser on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "boss",
"3": "er",
"id2": "relational"
},
"expansion": "boss + -er",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From boss + -er?",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bossers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bosser (plural bossers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1985, Gertrude Story, The Need of Wanting Always, page 160:",
"text": "They were all bossers here. Especially the women. They were bossy even when they deared her.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bossy person, one who orders others around."
],
"id": "en-bosser-en-noun-qoPN-JD7",
"links": [
[
"bossy",
"bossy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A bossy person, one who orders others around."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 84 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 65 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er (relational)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 1 30 2 24 2 2 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1953, Arthur Beckett, The Sussex County Magazine, volume 27, page 60:",
"text": "[…] the ultimate winner is the man with the greatest number of marbles when play comes to an end. The games at Battle at the present time are played with glass marbles and locally made “bossers” of concrete.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Iona Archibald Opie, Peter Opie, Children's games with things, page 54:",
"text": "Modern children, having only machine-made glass marbles, are restricted to names describing their size, or the names under which they are sold, or fanciful names of their own inventing. Thus big marbles are big 'uns, bossers, bulls or bullies[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large marble in children's games."
],
"id": "en-bosser-en-noun-83c9eAu1",
"links": [
[
"marble",
"marble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, dialect) A large marble in children's games."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An instrument used to push clay into a mold."
],
"id": "en-bosser-en-noun-vlMUv7gY",
"links": [
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
],
[
"clay",
"clay"
],
[
"mold",
"mold"
]
]
}
],
"word": "bosser"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bosser ?",
"name": "bar-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sauris Bavarian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "41 1 24 3 19 3 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 1 30 2 24 2 2 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"id": "en-bosser-bar-noun-D0FoSQ44",
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Sauris) water"
],
"tags": [
"Sauris"
]
}
],
"word": "bosser"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "bosse",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "bosse + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1878.\nProbably from bosse + -er (see below) with some sort of semantic shift. It has been suggested that in western France, the verb came to mean \"to bend over for work\"; alternately, that sailors raising an anchor was considered typical \"hard work\", or that the word came from the sense of \"to emboss\" and was originally cant used by artisans.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bosser",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "European French",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 1 30 2 24 2 2 3 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 5 4 21 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 13 11 22 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms suffixed with -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There have never been so many working students in Belgium. The consequence of a relaxation of legislation over the last ten years in the face of shortages in certain sectors. But who are these student workers and why do they sacrifice their summer, and increasingly the entire year, to work?",
"ref": "2023 August 6, “Qui sont ces 627.000 étudiants-travailleurs, et pourquoi sacrifient-ils leur été?”, in Le Soir:",
"text": "Il n’y a jamais eu autant de jobistes en Belgique. La conséquence d’un assouplissement de la législation ces dix dernières années face à la pénurie dans certains secteurs. Mais qui sont ces étudiants-travailleurs et pourquoi sacrifient-ils leur été, et de plus en plus l’année entière, à bosser ?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "He works all day long, and all that for nothing.",
"text": "Toute la journée il bosse, et pour que dalle.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to work, labour, do a day's work"
],
"id": "en-bosser-fr-verb-Aha-dMVn",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"labour",
"labour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Europe, informal) to work, labour, do a day's work"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "travailler"
}
],
"tags": [
"Europe",
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "European French",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I still need to work on music theory this weekend.",
"text": "Je dois encore bosser (sur) mon solfège ce weekend.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Get back to your maths and study instead of playing video-games!",
"text": "Va bosser tes maths au lieu de jouer aux jeux vidéos!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to train (for something), work on (something), study, improve (on something)"
],
"id": "en-bosser-fr-verb-AT8G~7Vp",
"links": [
[
"train",
"train"
],
[
"work on",
"work on"
],
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"improve",
"improve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Europe, informal) to train (for something), work on (something), study, improve (on something)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potasser"
},
{
"word": "réviser"
},
{
"word": "entraîner"
},
{
"word": "bûcher"
}
],
"tags": [
"Europe",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/"
}
],
"word": "bosser"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "bosse",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "bosse + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From bosse + -er; cf. bossoir.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bosser",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "bossant",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bossé",
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bosse",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bosses",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bosse",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossons",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bossez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossent",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossais",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossais",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossait",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossions",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bossiez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossaient",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossai",
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossas",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossa",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossâmes",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sam/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bossâtes",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sat/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossèrent",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɛʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserai",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bosseras",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossera",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserons",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosseront",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserais",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserais",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserait",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserions",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bosseriez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sə.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosseraient",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "bosse",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bosses",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bosse",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossions",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossiez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossent",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossasse",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossasses",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossât",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossassions",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sa.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossassiez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sa.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossassent",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bosse",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossons",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bossez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bosser",
"name": "fr-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to emboss"
],
"id": "en-bosser-fr-verb-ktt-T5Mx",
"links": [
[
"emboss",
"emboss"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 21 15 27 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to dent; to cause a dent"
],
"id": "en-bosser-fr-verb-0mingEYm",
"links": [
[
"dent",
"dent"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "fr:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to raise an anchor over the davit(s)"
],
"id": "en-bosser-fr-verb-EJjPENd-",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"anchor",
"anchor"
],
[
"davit",
"davit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) to raise an anchor over the davit(s)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/"
}
],
"word": "bosser"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bosser ?",
"name": "bar-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bavarian lemmas",
"Bavarian nouns",
"Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Bavarian entries",
"Sauris Bavarian"
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Sauris) water"
],
"tags": [
"Sauris"
]
}
],
"word": "bosser"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -er (relational)",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "boss",
"3": "er",
"id2": "relational"
},
"expansion": "boss + -er",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From boss + -er?",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bossers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bosser (plural bossers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1985, Gertrude Story, The Need of Wanting Always, page 160:",
"text": "They were all bossers here. Especially the women. They were bossy even when they deared her.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bossy person, one who orders others around."
],
"links": [
[
"bossy",
"bossy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A bossy person, one who orders others around."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1953, Arthur Beckett, The Sussex County Magazine, volume 27, page 60:",
"text": "[…] the ultimate winner is the man with the greatest number of marbles when play comes to an end. The games at Battle at the present time are played with glass marbles and locally made “bossers” of concrete.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Iona Archibald Opie, Peter Opie, Children's games with things, page 54:",
"text": "Modern children, having only machine-made glass marbles, are restricted to names describing their size, or the names under which they are sold, or fanciful names of their own inventing. Thus big marbles are big 'uns, bossers, bulls or bullies[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A large marble in children's games."
],
"links": [
[
"marble",
"marble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, dialect) A large marble in children's games."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An instrument used to push clay into a mold."
],
"links": [
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
],
[
"clay",
"clay"
],
[
"mold",
"mold"
]
]
}
],
"word": "bosser"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French first group verbs",
"French lemmas",
"French terms suffixed with -er",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French transitive verbs",
"French verbs",
"French verbs with conjugation -er",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "bosse",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "bosse + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in 1878.\nProbably from bosse + -er (see below) with some sort of semantic shift. It has been suggested that in western France, the verb came to mean \"to bend over for work\"; alternately, that sailors raising an anchor was considered typical \"hard work\", or that the word came from the sense of \"to emboss\" and was originally cant used by artisans.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bosser",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"European French",
"French informal terms",
"French terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There have never been so many working students in Belgium. The consequence of a relaxation of legislation over the last ten years in the face of shortages in certain sectors. But who are these student workers and why do they sacrifice their summer, and increasingly the entire year, to work?",
"ref": "2023 August 6, “Qui sont ces 627.000 étudiants-travailleurs, et pourquoi sacrifient-ils leur été?”, in Le Soir:",
"text": "Il n’y a jamais eu autant de jobistes en Belgique. La conséquence d’un assouplissement de la législation ces dix dernières années face à la pénurie dans certains secteurs. Mais qui sont ces étudiants-travailleurs et pourquoi sacrifient-ils leur été, et de plus en plus l’année entière, à bosser ?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "He works all day long, and all that for nothing.",
"text": "Toute la journée il bosse, et pour que dalle.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to work, labour, do a day's work"
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
],
[
"labour",
"labour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Europe, informal) to work, labour, do a day's work"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "travailler"
}
],
"tags": [
"Europe",
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"European French",
"French informal terms",
"French terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I still need to work on music theory this weekend.",
"text": "Je dois encore bosser (sur) mon solfège ce weekend.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Get back to your maths and study instead of playing video-games!",
"text": "Va bosser tes maths au lieu de jouer aux jeux vidéos!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to train (for something), work on (something), study, improve (on something)"
],
"links": [
[
"train",
"train"
],
[
"work on",
"work on"
],
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"improve",
"improve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Europe, informal) to train (for something), work on (something), study, improve (on something)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potasser"
},
{
"word": "réviser"
},
{
"word": "entraîner"
},
{
"word": "bûcher"
}
],
"tags": [
"Europe",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/"
}
],
"word": "bosser"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French first group verbs",
"French lemmas",
"French terms suffixed with -er",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French transitive verbs",
"French verbs",
"French verbs with conjugation -er",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "bosse",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "bosse + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From bosse + -er; cf. bossoir.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bosser",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "bossant",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bossé",
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bosse",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bosses",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bosse",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossons",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bossez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossent",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossais",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossais",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossait",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossions",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bossiez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossaient",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossai",
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossas",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossa",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossâmes",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sam/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bossâtes",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sat/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossèrent",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɛʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserai",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bosseras",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossera",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserons",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosseront",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserais",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserais",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserait",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosserions",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bosseriez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sə.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bosseraient",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "bosse",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bosses",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bosse",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossions",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossiez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossent",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossasse",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossasses",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossât",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bossassions",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sa.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossassiez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sa.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bossassent",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bosse",
"ipa": "/bɔs/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bossons",
"ipa": "/bɔ.sɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bossez",
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bosser",
"name": "fr-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to emboss"
],
"links": [
[
"emboss",
"emboss"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to dent; to cause a dent"
],
"links": [
[
"dent",
"dent"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"fr:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"to raise an anchor over the davit(s)"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"anchor",
"anchor"
],
[
"davit",
"davit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) to raise an anchor over the davit(s)"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɔ.se/"
}
],
"word": "bosser"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bosser meaning in All languages combined (15.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.