See bespeak on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bespeaker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bespeaking"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bespoke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unbespeak"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bespeken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bespeken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*bespecan"
},
"expansion": "Old English *bespecan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bisprekan",
"t": "to discuss, blame"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bisprekan (“to discuss, blame”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be",
"3": "speak"
},
"expansion": "be- + speak",
"name": "pre"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bespeke",
"t": "to beseech, speak or negotiate with"
},
"expansion": "Scots bespeke (“to beseech, speak or negotiate with”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "bispreke",
"t": "to discuss"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian bispreke (“to discuss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "besprekke",
"t": "to discuss"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian besprekke (“to discuss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bespreken",
"t": "to discuss, review, debate"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bespreken (“to discuss, review, debate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "besprechen",
"t": "to discuss, review, talk about"
},
"expansion": "German besprechen (“to discuss, review, talk about”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bespeken, bispeken, from Old English *bespecan, besprecan (“to speak about, speak against, accuse of, claim at law, complain”), from Proto-West Germanic *bisprekan (“to discuss, blame”), equivalent to be- + speak. Cognate with Scots bespeke (“to beseech, speak or negotiate with”), Saterland Frisian bispreke (“to discuss”), West Frisian besprekke (“to discuss”), Dutch bespreken (“to discuss, review, debate”), German besprechen (“to discuss, review, talk about”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bespeaks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bespeaking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bespoke",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bespake",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bespoken",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bespoke",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bespeaks",
"2": "bespeaking",
"3": "bespoke",
"4": "bespoken",
"past2": "bespake",
"past2_qual": "archaic",
"past_ptc2": "bespoke",
"past_ptc2_qual": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "bespeak (third-person singular simple present bespeaks, present participle bespeaking, simple past bespoke or (archaic) bespake, past participle bespoken or (archaic) bespoke)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
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"_dis": "16 10 17 14 8 9 7 18",
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"_dis": "21 17 20 6 5 5 4 22",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 17 22 6 3 3 3 23",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 18 22 5 3 4 2 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1711, Jonathan Swift, The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, Volume 3, The Examiner, Number 44, page 244",
"text": "[They] bespoke dangers […] in order to scare the allies."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To speak about; tell of; relate; discuss."
],
"id": "en-bespeak-en-verb-qlfl~Ycc",
"links": [
[
"speak",
"speak"
],
[
"relate",
"relate"
],
[
"discuss",
"discuss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, formal or archaic) To speak about; tell of; relate; discuss."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "63 10 3 2 4 2 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "bespreken"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 10 3 2 4 2 14",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "priparoli"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 10 3 2 4 2 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"tags": [
"with-elative"
],
"word": "puhua"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 10 3 2 4 2 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "besprechen"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 10 3 2 4 2 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "diskutieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 10 3 2 4 2 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "mitteilen"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 10 3 2 4 2 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obsuždátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "обсужда́ть"
}
]
},
{
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"_dis": "16 10 17 14 8 9 7 18",
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"_dis": "21 17 20 6 5 5 4 22",
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"_dis": "22 17 22 6 3 3 3 23",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 18 22 5 3 4 2 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:",
"text": "concluding, naturally, that to gratify his avarice was to bespeak his favour",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1859, Charles Dickens, The Haunted House:",
"text": "I walked on into the village, with the desertion of this house upon my mind, and I found the landlord of the little inn, sanding his door-step. I bespoke breakfast, and broached the subject of the house.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance."
],
"id": "en-bespeak-en-verb-u6UX3f79",
"links": [
[
"engage",
"engage"
],
[
"order",
"order"
],
[
"reserve",
"reserve"
],
[
"in advance",
"in advance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "varata"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "sopia"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "tilata"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "vorbestellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "arrangieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "im Voraus reservieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "im Voraus buchen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "taupua"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "forhåndsbestille"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bronirovatʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "бронировать"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 74 4 1 3 1 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rezervírovatʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "резерви́ровать"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "16 10 17 14 8 9 7 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with be-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to bespeak a calm hearing",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I bespeak your patience in advance.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour."
],
"id": "en-bespeak-en-verb-lWYfhrdx",
"links": [
[
"stipulate",
"stipulate"
],
[
"solicit",
"solicit"
],
[
"ask for",
"ask for"
],
[
"request",
"request"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 6 74 3 6 2 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "pyytää"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 6 74 3 6 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "bitten um"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 6 74 3 6 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "erbitten"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 6 74 3 6 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "anfragen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 6 74 3 6 2 5",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "anmode om"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 6 74 3 6 2 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prosítʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "проси́ть"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To forbode; foretell."
],
"id": "en-bespeak-en-verb-6Qfi8J0r",
"links": [
[
"forbode",
"forbode"
],
[
"foretell",
"foretell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To forbode; foretell."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 4 5 49 5 29 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic) to forbode; foretell",
"word": "vorhersagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 4 5 49 5 29 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic) to forbode; foretell",
"word": "voraussagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 4 5 49 5 29 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predskázyvatʹ",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic) to forbode; foretell",
"word": "предска́зывать"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1717, John Dryden, “Book XI. [The House of Sleep.]”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 401:",
"text": "Then ſtaring on her with a ghaſtly Look, / And hollow Voice, he thus the Queen beſpoke.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To speak to; address."
],
"id": "en-bespeak-en-verb-dtlhwpYs",
"links": [
[
"address",
"address"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic, poetic) To speak to; address."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"poetic",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 8 10 6 55 3 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic, poetic) to speak to; address",
"word": "puhutella"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 8 10 6 55 3 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic, poetic) to speak to; address",
"word": "ansprechen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 8 10 6 55 3 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic, poetic) to speak to; address",
"word": "sich richten an"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 8 10 6 55 3 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obraščátʹsja",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic, poetic) to speak to; address",
"word": "обраща́ться"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This act bespeaks his kindness.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], chapter 3, in An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "When the abbot of St. Martin was born, he had so little the figure of a man that it bespake him rather a monster.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1838, [Letitia Elizabeth] Landon (indicated as editor), chapter XVI, in Duty and Inclination: […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 228:",
"text": "Turning her looks unconsciously to that part of the assembly where Douglas leaned, engaged in serious contemplation, Ellina chanced to encounter his eye intently fixed upon her; the expression of which bespeaking at once pity and benevolence, her heart, mortified, reproached her for her lightness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "This new-comer was a man who in any company would have seemed striking.[…]He was smooth-faced, and his fresh skin and well-developed figure bespoke the man in good physical condition through active exercise, yet well content with the world's apportionment.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1921, Printers' Ink, volume 114, page 50:",
"text": "Are they telling your story vividly, strikingly, in designs that command attention, in colors that bespeak distinction?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1961 February, Cecil J. Allen, “Locomotive Running Past and Present”, in Trains Illustrated, page 87:",
"text": "[...] the drop in speed only from 66 to 53 m.p.h. up the six miles at 1 in 176-200-167 to Saunderton summit bespoke a hard effort, [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To betoken; show; indicate; depict; foretell; suggest; allude to."
],
"id": "en-bespeak-en-verb-CV-ONT6n",
"links": [
[
"betoken",
"betoken"
],
[
"show",
"show"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate"
],
[
"depict",
"depict"
],
[
"foretell",
"foretell"
],
[
"suggest",
"suggest"
],
[
"allude",
"allude"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To betoken; show; indicate; depict; foretell; suggest; allude to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 19 2 72 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "kieliä"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 19 2 72 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "osoittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 19 2 72 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "ilmaista"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 19 2 72 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "hinweisen auf"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 19 2 72 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "zeigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 19 2 72 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "anzeigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 19 2 72 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pokázyvatʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "пока́зывать"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 19 2 72 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otražátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "отража́ть"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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},
{
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{
"_dis": "21 17 19 8 3 3 2 27",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 22 6 3 3 3 23",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 17 19 8 3 3 2 27",
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"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 16 18 9 3 3 3 27",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 18 22 5 3 4 2 24",
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"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To speak up or out; exclaim; speak."
],
"id": "en-bespeak-en-verb-PRyLuOs4",
"links": [
[
"speak up",
"speak up"
],
[
"out",
"speak out"
],
[
"exclaim",
"exclaim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To speak up or out; exclaim; speak."
],
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"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 12 3 1 5 1 68",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(intransitive) to speak up or out; exclaim; speak",
"word": "puhua"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 12 3 1 5 1 68",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(intransitive) to speak up or out; exclaim; speak",
"word": "mitteilen"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 12 3 1 5 1 68",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(intransitive) to speak up or out; exclaim; speak",
"word": "bekanntgeben"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 12 3 1 5 1 68",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(intransitive) to speak up or out; exclaim; speak",
"word": "aussprechen"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 12 3 1 5 1 68",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vosklicátʹ",
"sense": "(intransitive) to speak up or out; exclaim; speak",
"word": "восклица́ть"
}
]
}
],
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{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav",
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{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
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{
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{
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{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bespeke",
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "besprekke",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bespreken",
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},
"expansion": "Dutch bespreken (“to discuss, review, debate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "besprechen",
"t": "to discuss, review, talk about"
},
"expansion": "German besprechen (“to discuss, review, talk about”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bespeken, bispeken, from Old English *bespecan, besprecan (“to speak about, speak against, accuse of, claim at law, complain”), from Proto-West Germanic *bisprekan (“to discuss, blame”), equivalent to be- + speak. Cognate with Scots bespeke (“to beseech, speak or negotiate with”), Saterland Frisian bispreke (“to discuss”), West Frisian besprekke (“to discuss”), Dutch bespreken (“to discuss, review, debate”), German besprechen (“to discuss, review, talk about”).",
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{
"form": "bespeaks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bespeak (plural bespeaks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 16 23 8 1 1 1 25",
"kind": "other",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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"_dis": "24 15 21 11 2 2 1 24",
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"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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{
"_dis": "24 15 22 10 1 2 1 24",
"kind": "other",
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"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 22 6 3 3 3 23",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 18 22 5 3 4 2 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"ref": "1838 March – 1839 October, Charles Dickens, The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1839, →OCLC:",
"text": "\"By the bye, I've been thinking of bringing out that piece of yours on her bespeak night.\"\n\"When?\" asked Nicholas.\n\"The night of her bespeak. Her benefit night. When her friends and patrons bespeak the play.\"\n\"Oh! I understand,\" replied Nicholas.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"A request for a specific performance; a benefit performance, by a patron."
],
"id": "en-bespeak-en-noun-Ev0cSW1X",
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[
"request",
"request"
],
[
"benefit",
"benefit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A request for a specific performance; a benefit performance, by a patron."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/bɪˈspiːk/"
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{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
}
],
"word": "bespeak"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "bespeaks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bespeakin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bespak",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bespoken",
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"6": "bespeakin",
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"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bespeak (third-person singular simple present bespeaks, present participle bespeakin, simple past bespak, past participle bespoken)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
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{
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"to bespeak"
],
"id": "en-bespeak-sco-verb-9cmwI276",
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[
"bespeak",
"#English"
]
]
}
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},
{
"ipa": "/bəˈspɛk/",
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"North-Northern-Scots"
]
}
],
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"English links with manual fragments",
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"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
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"English terms prefixed with be-",
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"Pages with 2 entries",
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"Rhymes:English/iːk",
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"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Russian translations"
],
"derived": [
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"word": "bespeaker"
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{
"word": "bespeaking"
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{
"word": "bespoke"
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{
"word": "unbespeak"
}
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{
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{
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"t": "to discuss, review, talk about"
},
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"name": "cog"
}
],
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"past"
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},
{
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},
{
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],
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"categories": [
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"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
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{
"ref": "1711, Jonathan Swift, The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, Volume 3, The Examiner, Number 44, page 244",
"text": "[They] bespoke dangers […] in order to scare the allies."
}
],
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"To speak about; tell of; relate; discuss."
],
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[
"speak",
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[
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],
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"(transitive, formal or archaic) To speak about; tell of; relate; discuss."
],
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"formal",
"transitive"
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"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
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{
"ref": "1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:",
"text": "concluding, naturally, that to gratify his avarice was to bespeak his favour",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1859, Charles Dickens, The Haunted House:",
"text": "I walked on into the village, with the desertion of this house upon my mind, and I found the landlord of the little inn, sanding his door-step. I bespoke breakfast, and broached the subject of the house.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance."
],
"links": [
[
"engage",
"engage"
],
[
"order",
"order"
],
[
"reserve",
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[
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"in advance"
]
],
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"(transitive) To speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
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{
"text": "to bespeak a calm hearing",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I bespeak your patience in advance.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour."
],
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[
"stipulate",
"stipulate"
],
[
"solicit",
"solicit"
],
[
"ask for",
"ask for"
],
[
"request",
"request"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To forbode; foretell."
],
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[
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"forbode"
],
[
"foretell",
"foretell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To forbode; foretell."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
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{
"ref": "1717, John Dryden, “Book XI. [The House of Sleep.]”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 401:",
"text": "Then ſtaring on her with a ghaſtly Look, / And hollow Voice, he thus the Queen beſpoke.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To speak to; address."
],
"links": [
[
"address",
"address"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic, poetic) To speak to; address."
],
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"poetic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This act bespeaks his kindness.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], chapter 3, in An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "When the abbot of St. Martin was born, he had so little the figure of a man that it bespake him rather a monster.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1838, [Letitia Elizabeth] Landon (indicated as editor), chapter XVI, in Duty and Inclination: […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 228:",
"text": "Turning her looks unconsciously to that part of the assembly where Douglas leaned, engaged in serious contemplation, Ellina chanced to encounter his eye intently fixed upon her; the expression of which bespeaking at once pity and benevolence, her heart, mortified, reproached her for her lightness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "This new-comer was a man who in any company would have seemed striking.[…]He was smooth-faced, and his fresh skin and well-developed figure bespoke the man in good physical condition through active exercise, yet well content with the world's apportionment.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1921, Printers' Ink, volume 114, page 50:",
"text": "Are they telling your story vividly, strikingly, in designs that command attention, in colors that bespeak distinction?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1961 February, Cecil J. Allen, “Locomotive Running Past and Present”, in Trains Illustrated, page 87:",
"text": "[...] the drop in speed only from 66 to 53 m.p.h. up the six miles at 1 in 176-200-167 to Saunderton summit bespoke a hard effort, [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To betoken; show; indicate; depict; foretell; suggest; allude to."
],
"links": [
[
"betoken",
"betoken"
],
[
"show",
"show"
],
[
"indicate",
"indicate"
],
[
"depict",
"depict"
],
[
"foretell",
"foretell"
],
[
"suggest",
"suggest"
],
[
"allude",
"allude"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To betoken; show; indicate; depict; foretell; suggest; allude to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To speak up or out; exclaim; speak."
],
"links": [
[
"speak up",
"speak up"
],
[
"out",
"speak out"
],
[
"exclaim",
"exclaim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To speak up or out; exclaim; speak."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈspiːk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "bespreken"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "priparoli"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"tags": [
"with-elative"
],
"word": "puhua"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "besprechen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "diskutieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "mitteilen"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obsuždátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak about; tell of; relate; discuss",
"word": "обсужда́ть"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "varata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "sopia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "tilata"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "vorbestellen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "arrangieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "im Voraus reservieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "im Voraus buchen"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "taupua"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "forhåndsbestille"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bronirovatʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "бронировать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rezervírovatʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to speak for beforehand; engage in advance; make arrangements for; order or reserve in advance",
"word": "резерви́ровать"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "pyytää"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "bitten um"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "erbitten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "anfragen"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "anmode om"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prosítʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to stipulate, solicit, ask for, or request, as in a favour",
"word": "проси́ть"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic) to forbode; foretell",
"word": "vorhersagen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic) to forbode; foretell",
"word": "voraussagen"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predskázyvatʹ",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic) to forbode; foretell",
"word": "предска́зывать"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic, poetic) to speak to; address",
"word": "puhutella"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic, poetic) to speak to; address",
"word": "ansprechen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic, poetic) to speak to; address",
"word": "sich richten an"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obraščátʹsja",
"sense": "(transitive, archaic, poetic) to speak to; address",
"word": "обраща́ться"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "kieliä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "osoittaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "ilmaista"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "hinweisen auf"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "zeigen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "anzeigen"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pokázyvatʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "пока́зывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otražátʹ",
"sense": "(transitive) to betoken; show; indicate; foretell; suggest",
"word": "отража́ть"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(intransitive) to speak up or out; exclaim; speak",
"word": "puhua"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(intransitive) to speak up or out; exclaim; speak",
"word": "mitteilen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(intransitive) to speak up or out; exclaim; speak",
"word": "bekanntgeben"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "(intransitive) to speak up or out; exclaim; speak",
"word": "aussprechen"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vosklicátʹ",
"sense": "(intransitive) to speak up or out; exclaim; speak",
"word": "восклица́ть"
}
],
"word": "bespeak"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English links with redundant wikilinks",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms prefixed with be-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/iːk",
"Rhymes:English/iːk/2 syllables",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Russian translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bespeken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bespeken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*bespecan"
},
"expansion": "Old English *bespecan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bisprekan",
"t": "to discuss, blame"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bisprekan (“to discuss, blame”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be",
"3": "speak"
},
"expansion": "be- + speak",
"name": "pre"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bespeke",
"t": "to beseech, speak or negotiate with"
},
"expansion": "Scots bespeke (“to beseech, speak or negotiate with”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "bispreke",
"t": "to discuss"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian bispreke (“to discuss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "besprekke",
"t": "to discuss"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian besprekke (“to discuss”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bespreken",
"t": "to discuss, review, debate"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bespreken (“to discuss, review, debate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "besprechen",
"t": "to discuss, review, talk about"
},
"expansion": "German besprechen (“to discuss, review, talk about”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English bespeken, bispeken, from Old English *bespecan, besprecan (“to speak about, speak against, accuse of, claim at law, complain”), from Proto-West Germanic *bisprekan (“to discuss, blame”), equivalent to be- + speak. Cognate with Scots bespeke (“to beseech, speak or negotiate with”), Saterland Frisian bispreke (“to discuss”), West Frisian besprekke (“to discuss”), Dutch bespreken (“to discuss, review, debate”), German besprechen (“to discuss, review, talk about”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bespeaks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bespeak (plural bespeaks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1838 March – 1839 October, Charles Dickens, The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1839, →OCLC:",
"text": "\"By the bye, I've been thinking of bringing out that piece of yours on her bespeak night.\"\n\"When?\" asked Nicholas.\n\"The night of her bespeak. Her benefit night. When her friends and patrons bespeak the play.\"\n\"Oh! I understand,\" replied Nicholas.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A request for a specific performance; a benefit performance, by a patron."
],
"links": [
[
"request",
"request"
],
[
"benefit",
"benefit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A request for a specific performance; a benefit performance, by a patron."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɪˈspiːk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-bespeak.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
}
],
"word": "bespeak"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "bespeaks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bespeakin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bespak",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bespoken",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "bespoken",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "bespeaks",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "bespeakin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "bespak",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bespeak (third-person singular simple present bespeaks, present participle bespeakin, simple past bespak, past participle bespoken)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bespeaks",
"2": "bespeakin",
"3": "bespak",
"4": "bespoken"
},
"expansion": "bespeak (third-person singular simple present bespeaks, present participle bespeakin, simple past bespak, past participle bespoken)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to bespeak"
],
"links": [
[
"bespeak",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈspɪk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bəˈspɛk/",
"tags": [
"North-Northern-Scots"
]
}
],
"word": "bespeak"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bespeak meaning in All languages combined (21.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.