See bergamot on Wiktionary
{
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bergamottin"
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"3": "بك آرمودی",
"lit": "a lord's pear",
"tr": "beg armudu"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish بك آرمودی (beg armudu, literally “a lord's pear”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French bergamote, from Italian bergamotta, from Ottoman Turkish بك آرمودی (beg armudu, literally “a lord's pear”), denoting a fattish kind of pear. The European word developed the sense of a fruit of a certain citrus cultivar in the late 17th century.",
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"word": "Earl Grey"
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"_dis": "28 11 10 3 19 19 4 5",
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"A tree of the orange family (Citrus × limon, syn. Citrus bergamia), having a roundish or pear-shaped fruit, from the rind of which an essential oil of delicious odor is extracted, much prized as a perfume."
],
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{
"glosses": [
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{
"_dis1": "38 62 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
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"sense": "tree",
"word": "bergamotti"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62 0 0 0 0 0",
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"roman": "pergamontiá",
"sense": "tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "περγαμοντιά"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 62 0 0 0 0 0",
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"roman": "berugamotto",
"sense": "tree",
"word": "ベルガモット"
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"_dis1": "38 62 0 0 0 0 0",
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"word": "bergamotka"
},
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"_dis1": "38 62 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
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"sense": "tree",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bergamoteira"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The essence or perfume made from the fruit."
],
"id": "en-bergamot-en-noun-GOEqzPNa",
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"countable",
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],
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{
"_dis1": "17 0 57 10 8 8 0",
"code": "fi",
"english": "essence",
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"word": "bergamottiesanssi"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 0 57 10 8 8 0",
"code": "fi",
"english": "oil",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "essence or perfume",
"word": "bergamottiöljy"
},
{
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"word": "bergamotti"
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"text": "The better hand […] gives the nose its bergamot.",
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"A variety of snuff perfumed with bergamot."
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"Monarda didyma, also known as American bergamot or bee balm."
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"ref": "a. 1724, Philosophical Transactions:",
"text": "One of my Neighbours has a Bergamot Pear Tree, that was brought from England in a Box , about the Year 1643",
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],
"glosses": [
"A variety of pear."
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"tags": [
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"word": "bergamotka"
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"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɝɡəˌmɑt/",
"tags": [
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɜːɡəˌmɒt/",
"tags": [
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},
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"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香檸檬"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "hoeng¹ ning⁴ mung⁴⁻¹",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香柠檬"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "hoeng¹ gam¹",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香柑"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香檸檬"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiāng níngméng",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香柠檬"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiānggān",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香柑"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香檸檬橙"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiāngníngméng-chéng",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香柠檬橙"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "bergamotti"
},
{
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"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fruit",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "bergamote"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pergamónto",
"sense": "fruit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "περγαμόντο"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "fruit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "beirgeamat"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fruit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bergamotto"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 36 34 0 0 0 0",
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"sense": "fruit",
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"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fruit",
"tags": [
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"word": "bergamotă"
}
],
"word": "bergamot"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From Bergamo.",
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"feminine"
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"feminine"
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},
{
"alt": "hoeng¹ ning⁴ mung⁴⁻¹",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "fruit",
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},
{
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"roman": "hoeng¹ gam¹",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香柑"
},
{
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"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香檸檬"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiāng níngméng",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香柠檬"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiānggān",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香柑"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香檸檬橙"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiāngníngméng-chéng",
"sense": "fruit",
"word": "香柠檬橙"
},
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"sense": "fruit",
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},
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"tags": [
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],
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},
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"neuter"
],
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},
{
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"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "fruit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "beirgeamat"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fruit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bergamotto"
},
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],
"word": "bergamota"
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],
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},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "essence",
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"sense": "essence or perfume",
"word": "bergamottiesanssi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "oil",
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"sense": "essence or perfume",
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},
{
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"word": "bergamotti"
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{
"code": "gl",
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"sense": "variety of pear",
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],
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]
},
{
"form": "bergamota",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamoții",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamotele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamote",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamotului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamotei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamoților",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamotelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bergamot m or n (feminine singular bergamotă, masculine plural bergamoți, feminine and neuter plural bergamote)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pergamut"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian adjectives",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of pergamut"
],
"links": [
[
"pergamut",
"pergamut#Romanian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "bergamot"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bergamot meaning in All languages combined (12.3kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: French: bergamote (1)(3)(4)",
"path": [
"bergamot"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bergamot",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Italian: bergamotto (it) m (1,3), bergamotta f (4)",
"path": [
"bergamot"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bergamot",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"bergamot"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "bergamot",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"bergamot"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "bergamot",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"bergamot"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "bergamot",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"bergamot"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "bergamot",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bergamot/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms borrowed from French\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Italian\", \"English terms derived from Ottoman Turkish\", \"English terms derived from toponyms\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"en:Citrus subfamily plants\", \"en:Menthinae subtribe plants\", \"en:Mints\", \"en:Pear cultivars\", \"en:Spices and herbs\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"bergamottin\"}, {\"word\": \"wild bergamot\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"bergamote\"}, \"expansion\": \"French bergamote\", \"name\": \"bor\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"it\", \"3\": \"bergamotta\"}, \"expansion\": \"Italian bergamotta\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ota\", \"3\": \"بك آرمودی\", \"lit\": \"a lord's pear\", \"tr\": \"beg armudu\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ottoman Turkish بك آرمودی (beg armudu, literally “a lord's pear”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From French bergamote, from Italian bergamotta, from Ottoman Turkish بك آرمودی (beg armudu, literally “a lord's pear”), denoting a fattish kind of pear. The European word developed the sense of a fruit of a certain citrus cultivar in the late 17th century.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bergamots\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"bergamot (countable and uncountable, plural bergamots)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"english\": \"tea flavored with bergamot\", \"word\": \"Earl Grey\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Entries using missing taxonomic name (nothospecies)\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)\"], \"glosses\": [\"A tree of the orange family (Citrus × limon, syn. Citrus bergamia), having a roundish or pear-shaped fruit, from the rind of which an essential oil of delicious odor is extracted, much prized as a perfume.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"The fruit from the bergamot tree\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"The essence or perfume made from the fruit.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1782–1785, William Cowper, “(please specify the page)”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"The better hand […] gives the nose its bergamot.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A variety of snuff perfumed with bergamot.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (nothospecies)\"], \"glosses\": [\"Either of two plants of the mint family noted for their bergamot-like scent:\", \"Mentha × piperita, nothosubspecies citrata, more commonly known as bergamot mint\"], \"links\": [[\"nothosubspecies\", \"nothosubspecies\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\"], \"glosses\": [\"Either of two plants of the mint family noted for their bergamot-like scent:\", \"Monarda didyma, also known as American bergamot or bee balm.\"], \"links\": [[\"Monarda didyma\", \"Monarda didyma#Translingual\"], [\"bee balm\", \"bee balm\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"a. 1724, Philosophical Transactions:\", \"text\": \"One of my Neighbours has a Bergamot Pear Tree, that was brought from England in a Box , about the Year 1643\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A variety of pear.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈbɝɡəˌmɑt/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈbɜːɡəˌmɒt/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-bergamot.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/En-us-bergamot.ogg/En-us-bergamot.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/En-us-bergamot.ogg\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"tree\", \"word\": \"bergamotti\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"pergamontiá\", \"sense\": \"tree\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"περγαμοντιά\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"berugamotto\", \"sense\": \"tree\", \"word\": \"ベルガモット\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"tree\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamota\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"tree\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamotka\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"tree\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamoteira\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"word\": \"香檸檬\"}, {\"alt\": \"hoeng¹ ning⁴ mung⁴⁻¹\", \"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"word\": \"香柠檬\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"hoeng¹ gam¹\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"word\": \"香柑\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"word\": \"香檸檬\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xiāng níngméng\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"word\": \"香柠檬\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xiānggān\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"word\": \"香柑\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"word\": \"香檸檬橙\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xiāngníngméng-chéng\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"word\": \"香柠檬橙\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"word\": \"bergamotti\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamote\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"pergamónto\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"περγαμόντο\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"beirgeamat\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bergamotto\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamota\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamotka\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamota\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"fruit\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamotă\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"essence\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"essence or perfume\", \"word\": \"bergamottiesanssi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"oil\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"essence or perfume\", \"word\": \"bergamottiöljy\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"essence or perfume\", \"word\": \"bergamotti\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"variety of pear\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamota\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"variety of pear\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamota\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"variety of pear\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bergamotka\"}], \"word\": \"bergamot\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bergamot",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bergamot/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from toponyms\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"en:Citrus subfamily plants\", \"en:Menthinae subtribe plants\", \"en:Mints\", \"en:Pear cultivars\", \"en:Spices and herbs\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_text\": \"From Bergamo.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bergamots\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\", \"2\": \"s\"}, \"expansion\": \"bergamot (usually uncountable, plural bergamots)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"A coarse tapestry, manufactured from flock of cotton or hemp, mixed with ox's or goat's hair.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\", \"usually\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈbɝɡəˌmɑt/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈbɜːɡəˌmɒt/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-bergamot.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/En-us-bergamot.ogg/En-us-bergamot.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/En-us-bergamot.ogg\"}], \"word\": \"bergamot\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bergamot",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.