"battlement" meaning in All languages combined

See battlement on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: [ˈbætəɫmənt] [UK] Forms: battlements [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English batilment, from Old French bataillement, earlier bastillement (“fortification”), from bastillier (“to fortify, to equip with battlements”), from bastille (“fortress”) (see bastion). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|batilment}} Middle English batilment, {{der|en|fro|bataillement}} Old French bataillement, {{m|fro|bastillement||fortification}} bastillement (“fortification”), {{m|fro|bastillier||to fortify, to equip with battlements}} bastillier (“to fortify, to equip with battlements”), {{m|fro|bastille||fortress}} bastille (“fortress”), {{m|fr|bastion}} bastion Head templates: {{en-noun}} battlement (plural battlements)
  1. In fortification: an indented parapet, formed by a series of rising members called cops or merlons, separated by openings called crenelles or embrasures, the soldier sheltering himself behind the merlon while he fires through the embrasure or through a loophole in the battlement. Categories (topical): Walls and fences Synonyms (sense, indented parapet): crenellation Translations (indented parapet formed by a series of rising members): ἔπαλξις (épalxis) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), зъбер (zǎber) (Bulgarian), cresteria [feminine] (Catalan), 防衛牆 (Chinese Mandarin), 防卫墙 (fángwèiqiáng) (Chinese Mandarin), 城垛 (chéngduǒ) (Chinese Mandarin), cimbuří [neuter] (Czech), krenelering (Danish), brystværn (Danish), kamtak (Danish), bolwerk [neuter] (Dutch), krenelo (Esperanto), sakaramuuri (Finnish), rempart [masculine] (French), Befestigung [feminine] (German), Festungsmauer [feminine] (German), Mauerzinne [feminine] (German), Zinne [feminine] (German), πολεμίστρα (polemístra) [feminine] (Greek), krenelo (Ido), градобран (gradobran) [masculine] (Macedonian), brystvern [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), کنگره (kongere) (Persian), blanki [nonvirile] (Polish), krenelaż [masculine] (Polish), ameia (Portuguese), стена́ с бойницами (stená s bojnicami) [feminine] (Russian), grudobran [masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), krunište [neuter] (Serbo-Croatian), almenaje [masculine] (Spanish), krenelering [common-gender] (Swedish), mazgallı siper (Turkish), siper (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-battlement-en-noun-nI9PNvj8 Disambiguation of Walls and fences: 77 17 6 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 53 42 5 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 53 41 6 Disambiguation of 'sense, indented parapet': 86 11 4 Disambiguation of 'indented parapet formed by a series of rising members': 92 7 2
  2. Any high wall for defense.
    Sense id: en-battlement-en-noun-8LP7hB8x
  3. (poetic) The towering roof of heaven. Tags: poetic
    Sense id: en-battlement-en-noun-y9jHVdgS
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: battlemented

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for battlement meaning in All languages combined (8.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "battlemented"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "batilment"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English batilment",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "bataillement"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French bataillement",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bastillement",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fortification"
      },
      "expansion": "bastillement (“fortification”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bastillier",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to fortify, to equip with battlements"
      },
      "expansion": "bastillier (“to fortify, to equip with battlements”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bastille",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fortress"
      },
      "expansion": "bastille (“fortress”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "bastion"
      },
      "expansion": "bastion",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English batilment, from Old French bataillement, earlier bastillement (“fortification”), from bastillier (“to fortify, to equip with battlements”), from bastille (“fortress”) (see bastion).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "battlements",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "battlement (plural battlements)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "53 42 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 41 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 17 6",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Walls and fences",
          "orig": "en:Walls and fences",
          "parents": [
            "Buildings and structures",
            "Architecture",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "In fortification: an indented parapet, formed by a series of rising members called cops or merlons, separated by openings called crenelles or embrasures, the soldier sheltering himself behind the merlon while he fires through the embrasure or through a loophole in the battlement."
      ],
      "id": "en-battlement-en-noun-nI9PNvj8",
      "links": [
        [
          "fortification",
          "fortification"
        ],
        [
          "indented",
          "indented"
        ],
        [
          "parapet",
          "parapet"
        ],
        [
          "cop",
          "cop"
        ],
        [
          "merlon",
          "merlon"
        ],
        [
          "crenelle",
          "crenelle"
        ],
        [
          "embrasure",
          "embrasure"
        ],
        [
          "shelter",
          "shelter"
        ],
        [
          "fire",
          "fire"
        ],
        [
          "loophole",
          "loophole"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "86 11 4",
          "sense": "sense, indented parapet",
          "word": "crenellation"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "zǎber",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "зъбер"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cresteria"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "防衛牆"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "fángwèiqiáng",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "防卫墙"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "chéngduǒ",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "城垛"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "cimbuří"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "krenelering"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "brystværn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "kamtak"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "bolwerk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "krenelo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "sakaramuuri"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rempart"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Befestigung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Festungsmauer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Mauerzinne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Zinne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "polemístra",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "πολεμίστρα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "épalxis",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ἔπαλξις"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "krenelo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "gradobran",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "градобран"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "brystvern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "kongere",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "کنگره"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "nonvirile"
          ],
          "word": "blanki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "krenelaż"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "ameia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "stená s bojnicami",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "стена́ с бойницами"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "grudobran"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "krunište"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "almenaje"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "krenelering"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "mazgallı siper"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 7 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
          "word": "siper"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any high wall for defense."
      ],
      "id": "en-battlement-en-noun-8LP7hB8x",
      "links": [
        [
          "wall",
          "wall"
        ],
        [
          "defense",
          "defense"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "The towering roof of heaven."
      ],
      "id": "en-battlement-en-noun-y9jHVdgS",
      "links": [
        [
          "poetic",
          "poetic"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) The towering roof of heaven."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbætəɫmənt]",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "battlement"
  ],
  "word": "battlement"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "en:Walls and fences"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "battlemented"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "batilment"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English batilment",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "bataillement"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French bataillement",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bastillement",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fortification"
      },
      "expansion": "bastillement (“fortification”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bastillier",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to fortify, to equip with battlements"
      },
      "expansion": "bastillier (“to fortify, to equip with battlements”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "bastille",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fortress"
      },
      "expansion": "bastille (“fortress”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "bastion"
      },
      "expansion": "bastion",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English batilment, from Old French bataillement, earlier bastillement (“fortification”), from bastillier (“to fortify, to equip with battlements”), from bastille (“fortress”) (see bastion).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "battlements",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "battlement (plural battlements)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In fortification: an indented parapet, formed by a series of rising members called cops or merlons, separated by openings called crenelles or embrasures, the soldier sheltering himself behind the merlon while he fires through the embrasure or through a loophole in the battlement."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fortification",
          "fortification"
        ],
        [
          "indented",
          "indented"
        ],
        [
          "parapet",
          "parapet"
        ],
        [
          "cop",
          "cop"
        ],
        [
          "merlon",
          "merlon"
        ],
        [
          "crenelle",
          "crenelle"
        ],
        [
          "embrasure",
          "embrasure"
        ],
        [
          "shelter",
          "shelter"
        ],
        [
          "fire",
          "fire"
        ],
        [
          "loophole",
          "loophole"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any high wall for defense."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wall",
          "wall"
        ],
        [
          "defense",
          "defense"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English poetic terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The towering roof of heaven."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poetic",
          "poetic"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) The towering roof of heaven."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈbætəɫmənt]",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "sense, indented parapet",
      "word": "crenellation"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "zǎber",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "зъбер"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cresteria"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "防衛牆"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "fángwèiqiáng",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "防卫墙"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "chéngduǒ",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "城垛"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "cimbuří"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "krenelering"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "brystværn"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "kamtak"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "bolwerk"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "krenelo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "sakaramuuri"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rempart"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Befestigung"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Festungsmauer"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Mauerzinne"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Zinne"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "polemístra",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "πολεμίστρα"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "épalxis",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ἔπαλξις"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "krenelo"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "gradobran",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "градобран"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "brystvern"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "kongere",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "کنگره"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile"
      ],
      "word": "blanki"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "krenelaż"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "ameia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "stená s bojnicami",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "стена́ с бойницами"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "grudobran"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "krunište"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "almenaje"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "krenelering"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "mazgallı siper"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "indented parapet formed by a series of rising members",
      "word": "siper"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "battlement"
  ],
  "word": "battlement"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.