See běda on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
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"expansion": "Inherited",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*běda",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *běda",
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{
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"args": {
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"3": "*bʰeydʰ-",
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"5": "trust, be convinced"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“trust, be convinced”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *běda, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“trust, be convinced”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "běda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bědy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "běd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bědám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bědy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bědy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bědě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bědách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bědami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "běda f",
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],
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"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
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],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bída"
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],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 32 20 5 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 35 20 2 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "cs:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bědovat"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sorrow"
],
"id": "en-běda-cs-noun-LNvdgpEH",
"links": [
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "bídák"
},
{
"word": "bídník"
},
{
"word": "bídný"
},
{
"word": "zbídačit"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈbjɛda]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛda"
}
],
"word": "běda"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"expansion": "Inherited",
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"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *běda",
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{
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{
"args": {
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"5": "trust, be convinced"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“trust, be convinced”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *běda, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“trust, be convinced”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "běda",
"name": "head"
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],
"hyphenation": [
"bě‧da"
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "intj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bída"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 32 20 5 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
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],
"glosses": [
"alas (exclamation of sorrow, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-běda-cs-intj-9-kCserL",
"links": [
[
"alas",
"alas"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "bědovat"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈbjɛda]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛda"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cs:Český etymologický slovník"
],
"word": "běda"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bědica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "bědъka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "poor",
"word": "bědьnъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "calamity",
"word": "bědьstvьje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "wretch",
"word": "bědunъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "бѣда"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: бѣда (běda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: бѣда (běda)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "бѣда́",
"3": "бида́"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: бѣда́ (bědá), бида́ (bidá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: бѣда́ (bědá), бида́ (bidá)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "бяда́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: бяда́ (bjadá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: бяда́ (bjadá)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "біда́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: біда́ (bidá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: біда́ (bidá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "беда́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: беда́ (bedá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: беда́ (bedá)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "бѣда",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: бѣда (běda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: бѣда (běda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰱⱑⰴⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⱑⰴⰰ (běda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⱑⰴⰰ (běda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "беда́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: беда́ (bedá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: беда́ (bedá)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "бе́да"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: бе́да (béda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: бе́да (béda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "бе́да",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: бе́да",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: бе́да, бије́да"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "béda",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: béda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: béda, bijéda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "bẹ́da",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: bẹ́da",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bẹ́da"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: bẹ́da (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: bẹ́da (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "bída",
"3": "běda",
"t": "poverty, misery",
"t2": "woe!"
},
"expansion": "Czech: bída (“poverty, misery”), běda (“woe!”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: bída (“poverty, misery”), běda (“woe!”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "biéda"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: biéda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: biéda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "biada"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: biada",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: biada"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bieda",
"3": "biada",
"t": "poverty",
"t2": "woe"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bieda (“poverty”), biada (“woe”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bieda (“poverty”), biada (“woe”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "bieda",
"3": "beda"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: bieda, beda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: bieda, beda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "běda"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: běda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: běda"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "běda"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: běda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: běda"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeydʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "Albanian be",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeydʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cajole, force, compel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“to cajole, force, compel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "be",
"3": "",
"4": "oath",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Albanian be f (“oath”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "foedus",
"3": "",
"4": "treaty"
},
"expansion": "Latin foedus (“treaty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "baĩdas",
"3": "",
"4": "scare"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian baĩdas (“scare”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bojati",
"3": "*-da",
"pos2": "locative suffix",
"t1": "to fear"
},
"expansion": "*bojati (“to fear”) + *-da (locative suffix)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bėdà",
"3": "",
"4": "misfortune, guilt"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bėdà (“misfortune, guilt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bēda",
"3": "",
"4": "misfortune, guilt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bēda (“misfortune, guilt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰedʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to oppress"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰ- (“to oppress”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bãdas",
"3": "",
"4": "hunger"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bãdas (“hunger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bads",
"3": "",
"4": "hunger"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bads (“hunger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बाधा",
"t": "hardship, suffering"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit बाधा (bādhā, “hardship, suffering”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Opinions alternate between:\n* Meyer (in context to Albanian be): Via earlier *báidāˀ from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“to cajole, force, compel”), cognate with Albanian be f (“oath”), Latin foedus (“treaty”). Probably also akin to Lithuanian baĩdas (“scare”) (per Martynov). Lyapunov (ИОРЯС XXXI) further interprets the etymon as *bojati (“to fear”) + *-da (locative suffix). In contrast, Milleit views it as a deverbial from *běditi (“to compel, to coerce”) (doubted by Trubačev).\n* Derksen, Smoczyński: Cognate with Lithuanian bėdà (“misfortune, guilt”), Latvian bēda (“misfortune, guilt”), presumably from *bḗdāˀ, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰ- (“to oppress”). Further akin to Lithuanian bãdas (“hunger”), Latvian bads (“hunger”), possibly Sanskrit बाधा (bādhā, “hardship, suffering”).\nConvergence of the two sources cannot be excluded either.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bě̄dà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̃dě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̃dъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dǫ̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̃dě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dòjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̃dǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̃dě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bě̄dà",
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/běda",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to compel, to coerce, to defeat; to persuade, to slander, to cuss",
"word": "běditi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "unfairness; not certain",
"word": "obida"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 32 20 5 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trouble, misery, misfortune"
],
"id": "en-běda-sla-pro-noun-y2Sg9C-D",
"links": [
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"misery",
"misery"
],
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"adversity, calamity"
],
"id": "en-běda-sla-pro-noun-bNISbWJf",
"links": [
[
"adversity",
"adversity"
],
[
"calamity",
"calamity"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 32 20 5 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 3 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 3 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poverty, need"
],
"id": "en-běda-sla-pro-noun-u5rBZPbn",
"links": [
[
"poverty",
"poverty"
],
[
"need",
"need"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) poverty, need"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "běda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech feminine nouns",
"Czech hard feminine nouns",
"Czech interjections",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Czech/ɛda",
"Rhymes:Czech/ɛda/2 syllables",
"cs:Emotions"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bědovat"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*běda",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *běda",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*běda"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *běda",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeydʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "trust, be convinced"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“trust, be convinced”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *běda, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“trust, be convinced”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "běda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bědy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "běd",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bědám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bědy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bědy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bědě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bědách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bědami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "běda f",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bě‧da"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bída"
},
{
"word": "bídák"
},
{
"word": "bídník"
},
{
"word": "bídný"
},
{
"word": "zbídačit"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sorrow"
],
"links": [
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈbjɛda]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛda"
}
],
"word": "běda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech feminine nouns",
"Czech hard feminine nouns",
"Czech interjections",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Czech/ɛda",
"Rhymes:Czech/ɛda/2 syllables",
"cs:Emotions"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*běda",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *běda",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*běda"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *běda",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeydʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "trust, be convinced"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“trust, be convinced”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *běda, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“trust, be convinced”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "běda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bě‧da"
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "intj",
"related": [
{
"word": "bědovat"
},
{
"word": "bída"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"alas (exclamation of sorrow, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"alas",
"alas"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈbjɛda]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛda"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cs:Český etymologický slovník"
],
"word": "běda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeydʰ-"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bědica"
},
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "bědъka"
},
{
"english": "poor",
"word": "bědьnъ"
},
{
"english": "calamity",
"word": "bědьstvьje"
},
{
"english": "wretch",
"word": "bědunъ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "бѣда"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: бѣда (běda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: бѣда (běda)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-ort",
"2": "бѣда́",
"3": "бида́"
},
"expansion": "Old Ruthenian: бѣда́ (bědá), бида́ (bidá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Ruthenian: бѣда́ (bědá), бида́ (bidá)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "бяда́"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: бяда́ (bjadá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: бяда́ (bjadá)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "біда́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: біда́ (bidá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: біда́ (bidá)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "беда́"
},
"expansion": "Russian: беда́ (bedá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: беда́ (bedá)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "бѣда",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: бѣда (běda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: бѣда (běda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⰱⱑⰴⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⱑⰴⰰ (běda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⰱⱑⰴⰰ (běda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "беда́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: беда́ (bedá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: беда́ (bedá)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "бе́да"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: бе́да (béda)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: бе́да (béda)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "бе́да",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: бе́да",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: бе́да, бије́да"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "béda",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: béda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: béda, bijéda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "bẹ́da",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: bẹ́da",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bẹ́da"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: bẹ́da (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: bẹ́da (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "bída",
"3": "běda",
"t": "poverty, misery",
"t2": "woe!"
},
"expansion": "Czech: bída (“poverty, misery”), běda (“woe!”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: bída (“poverty, misery”), běda (“woe!”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "biéda"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: biéda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: biéda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "biada"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: biada",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: biada"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bieda",
"3": "biada",
"t": "poverty",
"t2": "woe"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bieda (“poverty”), biada (“woe”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bieda (“poverty”), biada (“woe”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "bieda",
"3": "beda"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: bieda, beda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: bieda, beda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "běda"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: běda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: běda"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "běda"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: běda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: běda"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeydʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "Albanian be",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeydʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to cajole, force, compel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“to cajole, force, compel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "be",
"3": "",
"4": "oath",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Albanian be f (“oath”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "foedus",
"3": "",
"4": "treaty"
},
"expansion": "Latin foedus (“treaty”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "baĩdas",
"3": "",
"4": "scare"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian baĩdas (“scare”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bojati",
"3": "*-da",
"pos2": "locative suffix",
"t1": "to fear"
},
"expansion": "*bojati (“to fear”) + *-da (locative suffix)",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bėdà",
"3": "",
"4": "misfortune, guilt"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bėdà (“misfortune, guilt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bēda",
"3": "",
"4": "misfortune, guilt"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bēda (“misfortune, guilt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰedʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to oppress"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰ- (“to oppress”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bãdas",
"3": "",
"4": "hunger"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian bãdas (“hunger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bads",
"3": "",
"4": "hunger"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bads (“hunger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बाधा",
"t": "hardship, suffering"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit बाधा (bādhā, “hardship, suffering”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Opinions alternate between:\n* Meyer (in context to Albanian be): Via earlier *báidāˀ from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“to cajole, force, compel”), cognate with Albanian be f (“oath”), Latin foedus (“treaty”). Probably also akin to Lithuanian baĩdas (“scare”) (per Martynov). Lyapunov (ИОРЯС XXXI) further interprets the etymon as *bojati (“to fear”) + *-da (locative suffix). In contrast, Milleit views it as a deverbial from *běditi (“to compel, to coerce”) (doubted by Trubačev).\n* Derksen, Smoczyński: Cognate with Lithuanian bėdà (“misfortune, guilt”), Latvian bēda (“misfortune, guilt”), presumably from *bḗdāˀ, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰedʰ- (“to oppress”). Further akin to Lithuanian bãdas (“hunger”), Latvian bads (“hunger”), possibly Sanskrit बाधा (bādhā, “hardship, suffering”).\nConvergence of the two sources cannot be excluded either.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bě̄dà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̃dě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̃dъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dǫ̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̃dě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dòjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̃dǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bědo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̃dě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bě̄dỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bě̄dà",
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/běda",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to compel, to coerce, to defeat; to persuade, to slander, to cuss",
"word": "běditi"
},
{
"english": "unfairness; not certain",
"word": "obida"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"trouble, misery, misfortune"
],
"links": [
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"misery",
"misery"
],
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"adversity, calamity"
],
"links": [
[
"adversity",
"adversity"
],
[
"calamity",
"calamity"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"poverty, need"
],
"links": [
[
"poverty",
"poverty"
],
[
"need",
"need"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) poverty, need"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj",
"Rick Derksen"
],
"word": "běda"
}
Download raw JSONL data for běda meaning in All languages combined (15.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.