"aza" meaning in All languages combined

See aza on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Head templates: {{en-noun|-}} aza (uncountable)
  1. (organic chemistry, attributive) A nitrogen atom substituted for a carbon atom within a ring. Tags: attributive, uncountable Categories (topical): Carbon, Nitrogen, Organic chemistry Derived forms: aziridine
    Sense id: en-aza-en-noun-uo27XvP2 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Topics: chemistry, natural-sciences, organic-chemistry, physical-sciences

Noun [Galician]

IPA: /ˈa.θa/ Forms: azas [plural]
Etymology: Borrowed from Portuguese asa (“wing, handle”), from Vulgar Latin asa, from Latin ansa (“handle”). Compare the doublet asa. Etymology templates: {{bor|gl|pt|asa||wing, handle}} Portuguese asa (“wing, handle”), {{der|gl|VL.|asa}} Vulgar Latin asa, {{der|gl|la|ansa||handle}} Latin ansa (“handle”), {{doublet|gl|asa|notext=1}} asa Head templates: {{gl-noun|f}} aza f (plural azas)
  1. (proscribed) Synonym of á (“wing”) Tags: feminine, proscribed Synonyms: á [synonym, synonym-of] Related terms: asa
    Sense id: en-aza-gl-noun--SwdY9wt Categories (other): Galician entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Guinea-Bissau Creole]

Etymology: From Portuguese asa. Cognate with Kabuverdianu aza. Etymology templates: {{der|pov|pt|asa}} Portuguese asa, {{cog|kea|aza}} Kabuverdianu aza Head templates: {{head|pov|noun}} aza
  1. wing
    Sense id: en-aza-pov-noun-wEfK75W0 Categories (other): Guinea-Bissau Creole entries with incorrect language header

Romanization [Japanese]

Head templates: {{head|ja|romanization|head=|sc=Latn}} aza
  1. Rōmaji transcription of あざ Tags: Rōmaji, alt-of, romanization Alternative form of: あざ

Noun [Kabuverdianu]

Etymology: From Portuguese asa. Etymology templates: {{der|kea|pt|asa}} Portuguese asa Head templates: {{head|kea|noun}} aza
  1. wing
    Sense id: en-aza-kea-noun-wEfK75W0 Categories (other): Kabuverdianu entries with incorrect language header

Adjective [Northern Kurdish]

IPA: /ɑːˈzɑː/ Forms: azatir [comparative], herî aza [superlative], azatirîn [superlative], ئازا [Arabic]
Etymology: From Proto-Iranian *āzāta-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀 (āzāta, “noble”), Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾʾzʾd /⁠āzād⁠/), and Parthian 𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕 (ʾzʾt /⁠āzāt⁠/, “noble”). Akin to Old Armenian ազատ (azat), Georgian აზატი (azaṭi), Iranian borrowings. Ultimately from the past participle of Proto-Iranian *zan- (“to be born”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, originally meaning “born (into the clan)” and, by extension, “noble” and “free”. Etymology templates: {{root|kmr|ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-}}, {{der|kmr|ira-pro|*āzāta-}} Proto-Iranian *āzāta-, {{cog|ae|𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀||noble}} Avestan 𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀 (āzāta, “noble”), {{cog|xmn|tr=ʾʾzʾd|ts=āzād}} Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾʾzʾd /⁠āzād⁠/), {{cog|xpr|𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕||noble|ts=āzāt}} Parthian 𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕 (ʾzʾt /⁠āzāt⁠/, “noble”), {{cog|xcl|ազատ}} Old Armenian ազատ (azat), {{cog|ka|აზატი}} Georgian აზატი (azaṭi), {{noncog|ira-pro|*zan-|gloss=to be born}} Proto-Iranian *zan- (“to be born”), {{der|kmr|ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- Head templates: {{kmr-adj|ar=ئازا|c=+}} aza (comparative azatir, superlative herî aza or azatirîn, Arabic spelling ئازا)
  1. free, unrestrained, at large Synonyms: rizgar, serbest, xelas
    Sense id: en-aza-kmr-adj-qCHwFqrP
  2. empty, vacant, free
    Sense id: en-aza-kmr-adj-IgIXlFFQ
  3. brave, bold, courageous Synonyms: bizirav, camêr, delîr, zîx
    Sense id: en-aza-kmr-adj-C-cb4GCF Categories (other): Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header: 38 10 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: azad, azat Derived forms: azahî

Conjunction [Old Polish]

IPA: /azaː/ (note: 10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE), /azɒ/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE)
Etymology: Univerbation of a + za. First attested in the 14th century. Etymology templates: {{univ|zlw-opl|a|za}} Univerbation of a + za, {{etydate/the|14th century}} the 14th century, {{etydate|14th century}} First attested in the 14th century. Head templates: {{head|zlw-opl|conjunction}} aza
  1. in order to Derived forms: azaby, azać, azaćby
    Sense id: en-aza-zlw-opl-conj-TFem5-ve Categories (other): Old Polish entries with incorrect language header, Old Polish particles, Old Polish univerbations Disambiguation of Old Polish entries with incorrect language header: 63 37 Disambiguation of Old Polish particles: 64 36 Disambiguation of Old Polish univerbations: 67 33
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: haza

Particle [Old Polish]

IPA: /azaː/ (note: 10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE), /azɒ/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE)
Etymology: Univerbation of a + za. First attested in the 14th century. Etymology templates: {{univ|zlw-opl|a|za}} Univerbation of a + za, {{etydate/the|14th century}} the 14th century, {{etydate|14th century}} First attested in the 14th century. Head templates: {{head|zlw-opl|particle}} aza
  1. interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question
    Sense id: en-aza-zlw-opl-particle-NwKEH1UE
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: haza

Noun [Olukumi]

IPA: /á.zá/ Forms: ázá [canonical]
Etymology: Proposed to have derived from Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá. Cognates include Igala ábíá, Yoruba ajá, Ao dialect Yoruba azá Etymology templates: {{inh|ulb|alv-yrd-pro|*á-byá}} Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá, {{cog|igl|ábíá}} Igala ábíá, {{cog|yo|ajá}} Yoruba ajá, {{cog|yo|azá}} Yoruba azá Head templates: {{head|ulb|noun|head=ázá}} ázá
  1. dog Categories (lifeform): Mammals
    Sense id: en-aza-ulb-noun-zWNX792W Categories (other): Olukumi entries with incorrect language header

Particle [Polish]

IPA: /ˈa.za/ [Middle, Polish]
Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish aza. By surface analysis, univerbation of a + za. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|aza|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish aza, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|aza}} Inherited from Old Polish aza, {{surf|+univ|pl|a|za}} By surface analysis, univerbation of a + za Head templates: {{head|pl|particle}} aza
  1. (MIddle Polish) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question Synonyms: czy
    Sense id: en-aza-pl-particle-NwKEH1UE Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish particles, Polish univerbations Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 69 31 Disambiguation of Polish particles: 72 28 Disambiguation of Polish univerbations: 65 35
  2. (Middle Polish) expresses uncertainty; maybe, perhaps Tags: Middle, Polish
    Sense id: en-aza-pl-particle-VcvkZgoo Categories (other): Middle Polish
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: azać

Noun [Portuguese]

Forms: azas [plural]
Head templates: {{pt-noun|f}} aza f (plural azas)
  1. Obsolete spelling of asa Tags: alt-of, feminine, obsolete Alternative form of: asa
    Sense id: en-aza-pt-noun-U-ntVN5- Categories (other): Portuguese entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Turkish]

Audio: LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-aza.wav Forms: azayı [accusative, definite], azalar [plural]
Etymology: From Ottoman Turkish اعضا (aza), from Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ), plural of عُضْو (ʕuḍw). An originally plural form reinterpreted as singular. Etymology templates: {{inh|tr|ota|اعضا|tr=aza}} Ottoman Turkish اعضا (aza), {{der|tr|ar|أَعْضَاء}} Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ), {{m|ar|عُضْو}} عُضْو (ʕuḍw), {{root|tr|ar|ع ض و}} Head templates: {{head|tr|noun|definite accusative|azayı|||plural|azalar|f1accel-form=def|acc|s|f1request=1|f3accel-form=nom|p|f3request=1|head=|sort=}} aza (definite accusative azayı, plural azalar), {{tr-noun|yı|lar}} aza (definite accusative azayı, plural azalar)
  1. (anatomy) member; members Categories (topical): Anatomy
    Sense id: en-aza-tr-noun-bKqRWBlh Categories (other): Turkish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Turkish entries with incorrect language header: 56 44 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
  2. member; members, membership (of a council, society, etc.) Synonyms: üye
    Sense id: en-aza-tr-noun-Hy11EURa
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: uzuv [singular]

Noun [Yoruba]

IPA: /ā.zá/ Forms: azá [canonical]
Etymology: Proposed to have derived from Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá. Cognates include Igala ábíá and Olukumi ázá. Etymology templates: {{inh|yo|alv-yrd-pro|*á-byá}} Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá, {{cog|igl|ábíá}} Igala ábíá, {{cog|ulb|ázá}} Olukumi ázá Head templates: {{head|yo|noun|head=azá|head2=}} azá, {{yo-pos|noun|azá|}} azá, {{yo-noun|azá}} azá
  1. (Ào) Alternative form of ajá (“dog”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: ajá (extra: dog) Synonyms: olókílì, lókílì, kítà

Noun [Zazaki]

Etymology: From Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ). Etymology templates: {{der|zza|ar|أَعْضَاء}} Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ) Head templates: {{head|zza|noun|g=c}} aza c
  1. member Tags: common-gender
    Sense id: en-aza-zza-noun-4xq2Q8RP Categories (other): Zazaki entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for aza meaning in All languages combined (19.8kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "aza (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Carbon",
          "orig": "en:Carbon",
          "parents": [
            "Carbon group elements",
            "Chemical elements",
            "Matter",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Nitrogen",
          "orig": "en:Nitrogen",
          "parents": [
            "Pnictogens",
            "Chemical elements",
            "Matter",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Organic chemistry",
          "orig": "en:Organic chemistry",
          "parents": [
            "Chemistry",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "aziridine"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2003, Heinrich Zollinger, Color Chemistry, page 73",
          "text": "However, aza N-atoms (~N=) have to be counted, if they replace methine groups in the chain.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A nitrogen atom substituted for a carbon atom within a ring."
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-en-noun-uo27XvP2",
      "links": [
        [
          "organic chemistry",
          "organic chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "nitrogen",
          "nitrogen"
        ],
        [
          "carbon",
          "carbon"
        ],
        [
          "ring",
          "ring"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(organic chemistry, attributive) A nitrogen atom substituted for a carbon atom within a ring."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "organic-chemistry",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "pt",
        "3": "asa",
        "4": "",
        "5": "wing, handle"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese asa (“wing, handle”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "asa"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin asa",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "ansa",
        "4": "",
        "5": "handle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ansa (“handle”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "asa",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "asa",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Portuguese asa (“wing, handle”), from Vulgar Latin asa, from Latin ansa (“handle”). Compare the doublet asa.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "azas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "aza f (plural azas)",
      "name": "gl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Galician",
  "lang_code": "gl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "and we men never had wings.",
          "ref": "1955, Celso Emilio Ferreiro, O soño sulagado, Akal editor, page 40",
          "text": "e nós, os homes, nunca tivemos azas.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of á (“wing”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-gl-noun--SwdY9wt",
      "links": [
        [
          "á",
          "á#Galician"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(proscribed) Synonym of á (“wing”)"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "asa"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "wing",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "á"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "proscribed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.θa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pov",
        "2": "pt",
        "3": "asa"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese asa",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kea",
        "2": "aza"
      },
      "expansion": "Kabuverdianu aza",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Portuguese asa. Cognate with Kabuverdianu aza.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pov",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Guinea-Bissau Creole",
  "lang_code": "pov",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Guinea-Bissau Creole entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wing"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-pov-noun-wEfK75W0",
      "links": [
        [
          "wing",
          "wing"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "romanization",
        "head": "",
        "sc": "Latn"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "romanization",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "あざ"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese romanizations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Rōmaji transcription of あざ"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-ja-romanization-Tf~BJp04",
      "links": [
        [
          "Rōmaji",
          "romaji"
        ],
        [
          "あざ",
          "あざ#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Rōmaji",
        "alt-of",
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kea",
        "2": "pt",
        "3": "asa"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese asa",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Portuguese asa.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kea",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Kabuverdianu",
  "lang_code": "kea",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kabuverdianu entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wing"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-kea-noun-wEfK75W0",
      "links": [
        [
          "wing",
          "wing"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "azahî"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*āzāta-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *āzāta-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀",
        "3": "",
        "4": "noble"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀 (āzāta, “noble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xmn",
        "tr": "ʾʾzʾd",
        "ts": "āzād"
      },
      "expansion": "Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾʾzʾd /⁠āzād⁠/)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xpr",
        "2": "𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕",
        "3": "",
        "4": "noble",
        "ts": "āzāt"
      },
      "expansion": "Parthian 𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕 (ʾzʾt /⁠āzāt⁠/, “noble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ազատ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ազատ (azat)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "აზატი"
      },
      "expansion": "Georgian აზატი (azaṭi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ira-pro",
        "2": "*zan-",
        "gloss": "to be born"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *zan- (“to be born”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Iranian *āzāta-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀 (āzāta, “noble”), Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾʾzʾd /⁠āzād⁠/), and Parthian 𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕 (ʾzʾt /⁠āzāt⁠/, “noble”). Akin to Old Armenian ազատ (azat), Georgian აზატი (azaṭi), Iranian borrowings.\nUltimately from the past participle of Proto-Iranian *zan- (“to be born”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, originally meaning “born (into the clan)” and, by extension, “noble” and “free”.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "azatir",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "herî aza",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "azatirîn",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ئازا",
      "tags": [
        "Arabic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "ar": "ئازا",
        "c": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "aza (comparative azatir, superlative herî aza or azatirîn, Arabic spelling ئازا)",
      "name": "kmr-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
  "lang_code": "kmr",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bindest"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "free, unrestrained, at large"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-kmr-adj-qCHwFqrP",
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "unrestrained",
          "unrestrained"
        ],
        [
          "at large",
          "at large"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "rizgar"
        },
        {
          "word": "serbest"
        },
        {
          "word": "xelas"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "empty, vacant, free"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-kmr-adj-IgIXlFFQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "empty",
          "empty"
        ],
        [
          "vacant",
          "vacant"
        ],
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bêxîret"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 10 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "brave, bold, courageous"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-kmr-adj-C-cb4GCF",
      "links": [
        [
          "brave",
          "brave"
        ],
        [
          "bold",
          "bold"
        ],
        [
          "courageous",
          "courageous"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bizirav"
        },
        {
          "word": "camêr"
        },
        {
          "word": "delîr"
        },
        {
          "word": "zîx"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑːˈzɑː/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "azad"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "azat"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "a",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Univerbation of a + za",
      "name": "univ"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "the 14th century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the 14th century.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Univerbation of a + za. First attested in the 14th century.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-zlw-opl-particle-NwKEH1UE",
      "links": [
        [
          "yes-no question",
          "yes-no question#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/azaː/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/azɒ/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "haza"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-mpl",
            "2": "aza"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Polish: aza",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Polish: aza"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "a",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Univerbation of a + za",
      "name": "univ"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "the 14th century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the 14th century.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Univerbation of a + za. First attested in the 14th century.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "conjunction"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "67 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish univerbations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "azaby"
        },
        {
          "word": "azać"
        },
        {
          "word": "azaćby"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "in order to"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-zlw-opl-conj-TFem5-ve",
      "links": [
        [
          "in order to",
          "in order to"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/azaː/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/azɒ/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "haza"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ulb",
        "2": "alv-yrd-pro",
        "3": "*á-byá"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "igl",
        "2": "ábíá"
      },
      "expansion": "Igala ábíá",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yo",
        "2": "ajá"
      },
      "expansion": "Yoruba ajá",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yo",
        "2": "azá"
      },
      "expansion": "Yoruba azá",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Proposed to have derived from Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá. Cognates include Igala ábíá, Yoruba ajá, Ao dialect Yoruba azá",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ázá",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ulb",
        "2": "noun",
        "head": "ázá"
      },
      "expansion": "ázá",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Olukumi",
  "lang_code": "ulb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Olukumi entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "ulb",
          "name": "Mammals",
          "orig": "ulb:Mammals",
          "parents": [
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dog"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-ulb-noun-zWNX792W",
      "links": [
        [
          "dog",
          "dog"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/á.zá/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "aza",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish aza",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "aza"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish aza",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "+univ",
        "2": "pl",
        "3": "a",
        "4": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, univerbation of a + za",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish aza. By surface analysis, univerbation of a + za.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "particle",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "azać"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "69 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "72 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "65 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish univerbations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-pl-particle-NwKEH1UE",
      "links": [
        [
          "yes-no question",
          "yes-no question#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MIddle Polish",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(MIddle Polish) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "czy"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "expresses uncertainty; maybe, perhaps"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-pl-particle-VcvkZgoo",
      "links": [
        [
          "maybe",
          "maybe"
        ],
        [
          "perhaps",
          "perhaps"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) expresses uncertainty; maybe, perhaps"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.za/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "azas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "aza f (plural azas)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "asa"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Obsolete spelling of asa"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-pt-noun-U-ntVN5-",
      "links": [
        [
          "asa",
          "asa#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ota",
        "3": "اعضا",
        "tr": "aza"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اعضا (aza)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "أَعْضَاء"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "عُضْو"
      },
      "expansion": "عُضْو (ʕuḍw)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "ع ض و"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish اعضا (aza), from Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ), plural of عُضْو (ʕuḍw). An originally plural form reinterpreted as singular.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "azayı",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "azalar",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "definite accusative",
        "4": "azayı",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "plural",
        "8": "azalar",
        "f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f3accel-form": "nom|p",
        "f3request": "1",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "aza (definite accusative azayı, plural azalar)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yı",
        "2": "lar"
      },
      "expansion": "aza (definite accusative azayı, plural azalar)",
      "name": "tr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Turkish",
  "lang_code": "tr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ],
      "word": "uzuv"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "tr",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "tr:Anatomy",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "member; members"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-tr-noun-bKqRWBlh",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ],
        [
          "members",
          "members"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) member; members"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "member; members, membership (of a council, society, etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-tr-noun-Hy11EURa",
      "links": [
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ],
        [
          "members",
          "members"
        ],
        [
          "membership",
          "membership"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "üye"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-aza.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-aza.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-aza.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-aza.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-aza.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yo",
        "2": "alv-yrd-pro",
        "3": "*á-byá"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "igl",
        "2": "ábíá"
      },
      "expansion": "Igala ábíá",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ulb",
        "2": "ázá"
      },
      "expansion": "Olukumi ázá",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Proposed to have derived from Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá. Cognates include Igala ábíá and Olukumi ázá.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "azá",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yo",
        "2": "noun",
        "head": "azá",
        "head2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "azá",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun",
        "2": "azá",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "azá",
      "name": "yo-pos"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "azá"
      },
      "expansion": "azá",
      "name": "yo-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Yoruba",
  "lang_code": "yo",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "dog",
          "word": "ajá"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ao Yoruba",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Yoruba entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Yoruba entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of ajá (“dog”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-yo-noun-n6B8vQDd",
      "links": [
        [
          "ajá",
          "aja#Yoruba"
        ],
        [
          "dog",
          "dog"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Ào) Alternative form of ajá (“dog”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "olókílì"
        },
        {
          "word": "lókílì"
        },
        {
          "word": "kítà"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ā.zá/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zza",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "أَعْضَاء"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zza",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "c"
      },
      "expansion": "aza c",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zazaki",
  "lang_code": "zza",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "member"
      ],
      "id": "en-aza-zza-noun-4xq2Q8RP",
      "links": [
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "aziridine"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "aza (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English palindromes",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "en:Carbon",
        "en:Nitrogen",
        "en:Organic chemistry"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2003, Heinrich Zollinger, Color Chemistry, page 73",
          "text": "However, aza N-atoms (~N=) have to be counted, if they replace methine groups in the chain.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A nitrogen atom substituted for a carbon atom within a ring."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "organic chemistry",
          "organic chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "nitrogen",
          "nitrogen"
        ],
        [
          "carbon",
          "carbon"
        ],
        [
          "ring",
          "ring"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(organic chemistry, attributive) A nitrogen atom substituted for a carbon atom within a ring."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "organic-chemistry",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "pt",
        "3": "asa",
        "4": "",
        "5": "wing, handle"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese asa (“wing, handle”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "asa"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin asa",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "ansa",
        "4": "",
        "5": "handle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ansa (“handle”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "asa",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "asa",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Portuguese asa (“wing, handle”), from Vulgar Latin asa, from Latin ansa (“handle”). Compare the doublet asa.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "azas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "aza f (plural azas)",
      "name": "gl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Galician",
  "lang_code": "gl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "asa"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Galician countable nouns",
        "Galician doublets",
        "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
        "Galician feminine nouns",
        "Galician lemmas",
        "Galician nouns",
        "Galician palindromes",
        "Galician proscribed terms",
        "Galician terms borrowed from Portuguese",
        "Galician terms derived from Latin",
        "Galician terms derived from Portuguese",
        "Galician terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
        "Galician terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Galician terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "and we men never had wings.",
          "ref": "1955, Celso Emilio Ferreiro, O soño sulagado, Akal editor, page 40",
          "text": "e nós, os homes, nunca tivemos azas.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of á (“wing”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "á",
          "á#Galician"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(proscribed) Synonym of á (“wing”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "wing",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "á"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "proscribed"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.θa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pov",
        "2": "pt",
        "3": "asa"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese asa",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kea",
        "2": "aza"
      },
      "expansion": "Kabuverdianu aza",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Portuguese asa. Cognate with Kabuverdianu aza.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pov",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Guinea-Bissau Creole",
  "lang_code": "pov",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Guinea-Bissau Creole entries with incorrect language header",
        "Guinea-Bissau Creole lemmas",
        "Guinea-Bissau Creole nouns",
        "Guinea-Bissau Creole palindromes",
        "Guinea-Bissau Creole terms derived from Portuguese"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wing"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wing",
          "wing"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "romanization",
        "head": "",
        "sc": "Latn"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "romanization",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "あざ"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Japanese non-lemma forms",
        "Japanese romanizations",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Rōmaji transcription of あざ"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Rōmaji",
          "romaji"
        ],
        [
          "あざ",
          "あざ#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Rōmaji",
        "alt-of",
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kea",
        "2": "pt",
        "3": "asa"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese asa",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Portuguese asa.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kea",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Kabuverdianu",
  "lang_code": "kea",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Kabuverdianu entries with incorrect language header",
        "Kabuverdianu lemmas",
        "Kabuverdianu nouns",
        "Kabuverdianu palindromes",
        "Kabuverdianu terms derived from Portuguese"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wing"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wing",
          "wing"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Northern Kurdish 2-syllable words",
    "Northern Kurdish adjectives",
    "Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Northern Kurdish lemmas",
    "Northern Kurdish palindromes",
    "Northern Kurdish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Northern Kurdish terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
    "Northern Kurdish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
    "Northern Kurdish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Requests for native script for Manichaean Middle Persian terms"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "azahî"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*āzāta-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *āzāta-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀",
        "3": "",
        "4": "noble"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀 (āzāta, “noble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xmn",
        "tr": "ʾʾzʾd",
        "ts": "āzād"
      },
      "expansion": "Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾʾzʾd /⁠āzād⁠/)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xpr",
        "2": "𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕",
        "3": "",
        "4": "noble",
        "ts": "āzāt"
      },
      "expansion": "Parthian 𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕 (ʾzʾt /⁠āzāt⁠/, “noble”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ազատ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ազատ (azat)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ka",
        "2": "აზატი"
      },
      "expansion": "Georgian აზატი (azaṭi)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ira-pro",
        "2": "*zan-",
        "gloss": "to be born"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *zan- (“to be born”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵenh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Iranian *āzāta-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬁𐬰𐬁𐬙𐬀 (āzāta, “noble”), Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾʾzʾd /⁠āzād⁠/), and Parthian 𐭀𐭆𐭀𐭕 (ʾzʾt /⁠āzāt⁠/, “noble”). Akin to Old Armenian ազատ (azat), Georgian აზატი (azaṭi), Iranian borrowings.\nUltimately from the past participle of Proto-Iranian *zan- (“to be born”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, originally meaning “born (into the clan)” and, by extension, “noble” and “free”.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "azatir",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "herî aza",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "azatirîn",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ئازا",
      "tags": [
        "Arabic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "ar": "ئازا",
        "c": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "aza (comparative azatir, superlative herî aza or azatirîn, Arabic spelling ئازا)",
      "name": "kmr-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
  "lang_code": "kmr",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bindest"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "free, unrestrained, at large"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "unrestrained",
          "unrestrained"
        ],
        [
          "at large",
          "at large"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "rizgar"
        },
        {
          "word": "serbest"
        },
        {
          "word": "xelas"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "empty, vacant, free"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "empty",
          "empty"
        ],
        [
          "vacant",
          "vacant"
        ],
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bêxîret"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "brave, bold, courageous"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "brave",
          "brave"
        ],
        [
          "bold",
          "bold"
        ],
        [
          "courageous",
          "courageous"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bizirav"
        },
        {
          "word": "camêr"
        },
        {
          "word": "delîr"
        },
        {
          "word": "zîx"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑːˈzɑː/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "azad"
    },
    {
      "word": "azat"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Polish conjunctions",
    "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Polish lemmas",
    "Old Polish palindromes",
    "Old Polish particles",
    "Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old Polish univerbations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "a",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Univerbation of a + za",
      "name": "univ"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "the 14th century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the 14th century.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Univerbation of a + za. First attested in the 14th century.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "yes-no question",
          "yes-no question#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/azaː/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/azɒ/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "haza"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Polish conjunctions",
    "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Polish lemmas",
    "Old Polish palindromes",
    "Old Polish particles",
    "Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old Polish univerbations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "azaby"
    },
    {
      "word": "azać"
    },
    {
      "word": "azaćby"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-mpl",
            "2": "aza"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Polish: aza",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Polish: aza"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "a",
        "3": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "Univerbation of a + za",
      "name": "univ"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "the 14th century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "14th century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the 14th century.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Univerbation of a + za. First attested in the 14th century.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "conjunction"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "in order to"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "in order to",
          "in order to"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/azaː/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/azɒ/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "haza"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ulb",
        "2": "alv-yrd-pro",
        "3": "*á-byá"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "igl",
        "2": "ábíá"
      },
      "expansion": "Igala ábíá",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yo",
        "2": "ajá"
      },
      "expansion": "Yoruba ajá",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yo",
        "2": "azá"
      },
      "expansion": "Yoruba azá",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Proposed to have derived from Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá. Cognates include Igala ábíá, Yoruba ajá, Ao dialect Yoruba azá",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ázá",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ulb",
        "2": "noun",
        "head": "ázá"
      },
      "expansion": "ázá",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Olukumi",
  "lang_code": "ulb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Olukumi entries with incorrect language header",
        "Olukumi lemmas",
        "Olukumi nouns",
        "Olukumi palindromes",
        "Olukumi terms derived from Proto-Yoruboid",
        "Olukumi terms inherited from Proto-Yoruboid",
        "Olukumi terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "ulb:Mammals"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dog"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dog",
          "dog"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/á.zá/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish palindromes",
    "Polish particles",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish univerbations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "aza",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish aza",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "aza"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish aza",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "+univ",
        "2": "pl",
        "3": "a",
        "4": "za"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, univerbation of a + za",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish aza. By surface analysis, univerbation of a + za.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "aza",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "particle",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "azać"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "yes-no question",
          "yes-no question#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "MIddle Polish",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(MIddle Polish) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "czy"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "expresses uncertainty; maybe, perhaps"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "maybe",
          "maybe"
        ],
        [
          "perhaps",
          "perhaps"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) expresses uncertainty; maybe, perhaps"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈa.za/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "azas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "aza f (plural azas)",
      "name": "pt-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "asa"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese countable nouns",
        "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Portuguese feminine nouns",
        "Portuguese lemmas",
        "Portuguese nouns",
        "Portuguese obsolete forms",
        "Portuguese palindromes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Obsolete spelling of asa"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "asa",
          "asa#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "feminine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Turkish lemmas",
    "Turkish nouns",
    "Turkish palindromes",
    "Turkish terms derived from Arabic",
    "Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
    "Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ع ض و",
    "Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
    "Turkish terms with audio links"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ota",
        "3": "اعضا",
        "tr": "aza"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish اعضا (aza)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "أَعْضَاء"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "عُضْو"
      },
      "expansion": "عُضْو (ʕuḍw)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "ع ض و"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish اعضا (aza), from Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ), plural of عُضْو (ʕuḍw). An originally plural form reinterpreted as singular.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "azayı",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "azalar",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "definite accusative",
        "4": "azayı",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "plural",
        "8": "azalar",
        "f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f3accel-form": "nom|p",
        "f3request": "1",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "aza (definite accusative azayı, plural azalar)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yı",
        "2": "lar"
      },
      "expansion": "aza (definite accusative azayı, plural azalar)",
      "name": "tr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Turkish",
  "lang_code": "tr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ],
      "word": "uzuv"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "tr:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "member; members"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ],
        [
          "members",
          "members"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) member; members"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "member; members, membership (of a council, society, etc.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ],
        [
          "members",
          "members"
        ],
        [
          "membership",
          "membership"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "üye"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-aza.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-aza.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-aza.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3b/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-aza.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-aza.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yo",
        "2": "alv-yrd-pro",
        "3": "*á-byá"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "igl",
        "2": "ábíá"
      },
      "expansion": "Igala ábíá",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ulb",
        "2": "ázá"
      },
      "expansion": "Olukumi ázá",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Proposed to have derived from Proto-Yoruboid *á-byá. Cognates include Igala ábíá and Olukumi ázá.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "azá",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yo",
        "2": "noun",
        "head": "azá",
        "head2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "azá",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun",
        "2": "azá",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "azá",
      "name": "yo-pos"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "azá"
      },
      "expansion": "azá",
      "name": "yo-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Yoruba",
  "lang_code": "yo",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "dog",
          "word": "ajá"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Ao Yoruba",
        "Yoruba entries with incorrect language header",
        "Yoruba entries with language name categories using raw markup",
        "Yoruba lemmas",
        "Yoruba nouns",
        "Yoruba palindromes",
        "Yoruba terms derived from Proto-Yoruboid",
        "Yoruba terms inherited from Proto-Yoruboid",
        "Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of ajá (“dog”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ajá",
          "aja#Yoruba"
        ],
        [
          "dog",
          "dog"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Ào) Alternative form of ajá (“dog”)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "olókílì"
        },
        {
          "word": "lókílì"
        },
        {
          "word": "kítà"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ā.zá/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zza",
        "2": "ar",
        "3": "أَعْضَاء"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Arabic أَعْضَاء (ʔaʕḍāʔ).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zza",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "c"
      },
      "expansion": "aza c",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Zazaki",
  "lang_code": "zza",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Zazaki common-gender nouns",
        "Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
        "Zazaki lemmas",
        "Zazaki nouns",
        "Zazaki palindromes",
        "Zazaki terms derived from Arabic"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "member"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "aza"
}
{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ào",
  "path": [
    "aza"
  ],
  "section": "Yoruba",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "aza",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Ào",
  "path": [
    "aza"
  ],
  "section": "Yoruba",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "aza",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.