"affronter" meaning in All languages combined

See affronter on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Forms: affronters [plural]
Etymology: affront + -er Etymology templates: {{suf|en|affront|er|id2=agent noun}} affront + -er Head templates: {{en-noun}} affronter (plural affronters)
  1. Someone who affronts. Translations (someone who affronts): afrontador [masculine] (Portuguese)
    Sense id: en-affronter-en-noun-V~hK70j3 Disambiguation of 'someone who affronts': 86 14
  2. One who receives an affront.
    Sense id: en-affronter-en-noun-b8s2G2dC Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun) Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 18 82 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun): 25 75

Verb [French]

IPA: /a.fʁɔ̃.te/ Audio: Fr-affronter.ogg
Etymology: Inherited from Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), either a French derivation a- + front + -er, or an inheritance from an unattested Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”), from Latin ad + frontem. Compare Italian affrontare. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|fro|afronter||to face; to confront; to slap in the face|g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), {{inh+|fr|fro|afronter||to face; to confront; to slap in the face}} Inherited from Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), {{af|fr|a-|front|-er}} a- + front + -er, {{inh|fr|VL.|*affrontāre||to strike against}} Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”), {{inh|fr|la|ad}} Latin ad, {{m|la|frontem}} frontem, {{cog|it|affrontare}} Italian affrontare Head templates: {{fr-verb}} affronter Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], affronter [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], affrontant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], affronté [participle, past], affronte [first-person, indicative, present, singular], affrontes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], affronte [indicative, present, singular, third-person], affrontons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], affrontez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], affrontent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], affrontais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], affrontais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], affrontait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], affrontions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], affrontiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], affrontaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], affrontai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], affrontas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], affronta [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], affrontâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], affrontâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], affrontèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], affronterai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], affronteras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], affrontera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], affronterons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], affronterez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], affronteront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], affronterais [conditional, first-person, singular], affronterais [conditional, second-person, singular], affronterait [conditional, singular, third-person], affronterions [conditional, first-person, plural], affronteriez [conditional, plural, second-person], affronteraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], affronte [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], affrontes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], affronte [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], affrontions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], affrontiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], affrontent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], affrontasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], affrontasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], affrontât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], affrontassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], affrontassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], affrontassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], affronte [imperative, second-person, singular], affrontons [first-person, imperative, plural], affrontez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to confront, face
    Sense id: en-affronter-fr-verb-8TvH-7wM
  2. (reflexive) to face off, to clash Tags: reflexive
    Sense id: en-affronter-fr-verb-x4ytf~rP Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French terms prefixed with a-, French terms suffixed with -er, French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 11 89 Disambiguation of French terms prefixed with a-: 20 80 Disambiguation of French terms suffixed with -er: 18 82 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 25 75
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: faire face

Verb [Norman]

Etymology: From Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), either a derivation a- + front + -er, or an inheritance from an unattested Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”), from Latin ad + frontem. Etymology templates: {{inh|nrf|fro|afronter||to face; to confront; to slap in the face}} Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), {{confix|nrf|a|front|er}} a- + front + -er, {{inh|nrf|VL.|*affrontāre||to strike against}} Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”), {{inh|nrf|la|ad}} Latin ad, {{m|la|frontem}} frontem Head templates: {{head|nrf|verb||||||head=}} affronter, {{nrf-verb}} affronter
  1. (Jersey) to face; to confront Tags: Jersey

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for affronter meaning in All languages combined (14.5kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "affront",
        "3": "er",
        "id2": "agent noun"
      },
      "expansion": "affront + -er",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "affront + -er",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "affronters",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "affronter (plural affronters)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Someone who affronts."
      ],
      "id": "en-affronter-en-noun-V~hK70j3",
      "links": [
        [
          "affront",
          "affront"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "86 14",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "someone who affronts",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "afrontador"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 75",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1833, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, England and the English",
          "text": "the affront given, out at once go affronter and affrontee",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who receives an affront."
      ],
      "id": "en-affronter-en-noun-b8s2G2dC",
      "links": [
        [
          "affront",
          "affront"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "affronter"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "afronter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to face; to confront; to slap in the face",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "afronter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to face; to confront; to slap in the face"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "a-",
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        "4": "-er"
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      "expansion": "a- + front + -er",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*affrontāre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to strike against"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "ad"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ad",
      "name": "inh"
    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frontem"
      },
      "expansion": "frontem",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "affrontare"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian affrontare",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), either a French derivation a- + front + -er, or an inheritance from an unattested Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”), from Latin ad + frontem. Compare Italian affrontare.",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
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      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
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    },
    {
      "form": "affronter",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "infinitive"
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    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontant",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
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        "present"
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    {
      "form": "affronté",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.te/",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronte",
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      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontes",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronte",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontons",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.te/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontent",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontais",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontais",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontait",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontions",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontiez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontaient",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontai",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.te/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontas",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.ta/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronta",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.ta/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontâmes",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontâtes",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontèrent",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterai",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronteras",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontera",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterons",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronteront",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterais",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterais",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterait",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterions",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronteriez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronteraient",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronte",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontes",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronte",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontions",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontiez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontent",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontasse",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontasses",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontât",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.ta/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontassions",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.ta.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontassiez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.ta.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontassent",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronte",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontons",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.te/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "affronter",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "2018, Zaz, Résigne-moi",
          "text": "Je rêve de plus me juger, car la vie me montre ce que je dois affronter.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to confront, face"
      ],
      "id": "en-affronter-fr-verb-8TvH-7wM",
      "links": [
        [
          "confront",
          "confront"
        ],
        [
          "face",
          "face"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms prefixed with a-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms suffixed with -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 75",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to face off, to clash"
      ],
      "id": "en-affronter-fr-verb-x4ytf~rP",
      "links": [
        [
          "face off",
          "face off"
        ],
        [
          "clash",
          "clash"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to face off, to clash"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.te/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-affronter.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/Fr-affronter.ogg/Fr-affronter.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Fr-affronter.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "faire face"
    }
  ],
  "word": "affronter"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "afronter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to face; to confront; to slap in the face"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "a",
        "3": "front",
        "4": "er"
      },
      "expansion": "a- + front + -er",
      "name": "confix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*affrontāre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to strike against"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "ad"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ad",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frontem"
      },
      "expansion": "frontem",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), either a derivation a- + front + -er, or an inheritance from an unattested Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”), from Latin ad + frontem.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "affronter",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "affronter",
      "name": "nrf-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norman",
  "lang_code": "nrm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Jersey Norman",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norman terms prefixed with a-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norman terms suffixed with -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to face; to confront"
      ],
      "id": "en-affronter-nrm-verb-yJOgUjwk",
      "links": [
        [
          "face",
          "face"
        ],
        [
          "confront",
          "confront"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Jersey) to face; to confront"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jersey"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "affronter"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "affront",
        "3": "er",
        "id2": "agent noun"
      },
      "expansion": "affront + -er",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "affront + -er",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "affronters",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "affronter (plural affronters)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Someone who affronts."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "affront",
          "affront"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1833, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, England and the English",
          "text": "the affront given, out at once go affronter and affrontee",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One who receives an affront."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "affront",
          "affront"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "someone who affronts",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "afrontador"
    }
  ],
  "word": "affronter"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 3-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms inherited from Latin",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms prefixed with a-",
    "French terms suffixed with -er",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "afronter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to face; to confront; to slap in the face",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "afronter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to face; to confront; to slap in the face"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”)",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "a-",
        "3": "front",
        "4": "-er"
      },
      "expansion": "a- + front + -er",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*affrontāre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to strike against"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "ad"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ad",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frontem"
      },
      "expansion": "frontem",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "affrontare"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian affrontare",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), either a French derivation a- + front + -er, or an inheritance from an unattested Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”), from Latin ad + frontem. Compare Italian affrontare.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronter",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontant",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronté",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.te/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronte",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontes",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronte",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontons",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.te/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontent",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontais",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontais",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontait",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontions",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontiez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontaient",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontai",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.te/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontas",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.ta/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronta",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.ta/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontâmes",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontâtes",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontèrent",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterai",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronteras",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontera",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterons",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronteront",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterais",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterais",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterait",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronterions",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronteriez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronteraient",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronte",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontes",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronte",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontions",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontiez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontent",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontasse",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontasses",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontât",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.ta/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontassions",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.ta.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontassiez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.ta.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontassent",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affronte",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃t/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontons",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.tɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "affrontez",
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.te/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "affronter",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "Requests for translations of French quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "2018, Zaz, Résigne-moi",
          "text": "Je rêve de plus me juger, car la vie me montre ce que je dois affronter.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to confront, face"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "confront",
          "confront"
        ],
        [
          "face",
          "face"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to face off, to clash"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "face off",
          "face off"
        ],
        [
          "clash",
          "clash"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to face off, to clash"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/a.fʁɔ̃.te/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-affronter.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/Fr-affronter.ogg/Fr-affronter.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Fr-affronter.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "faire face"
    }
  ],
  "word": "affronter"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "afronter",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to face; to confront; to slap in the face"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "a",
        "3": "front",
        "4": "er"
      },
      "expansion": "a- + front + -er",
      "name": "confix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*affrontāre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to strike against"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "ad"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin ad",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frontem"
      },
      "expansion": "frontem",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), either a derivation a- + front + -er, or an inheritance from an unattested Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”), from Latin ad + frontem.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "affronter",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "affronter",
      "name": "nrf-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norman",
  "lang_code": "nrm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Jersey Norman",
        "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
        "Norman lemmas",
        "Norman terms derived from Latin",
        "Norman terms derived from Old French",
        "Norman terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
        "Norman terms inherited from Latin",
        "Norman terms inherited from Old French",
        "Norman terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
        "Norman terms prefixed with a-",
        "Norman terms suffixed with -er",
        "Norman verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to face; to confront"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "face",
          "face"
        ],
        [
          "confront",
          "confront"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Jersey) to face; to confront"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jersey"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "affronter"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.