See Samhain on Wiktionary
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"ref": "1994, Edain McCoy, “Appendix Three: Outline for Ritual Construction”, in A Witch’s Guide to Faery Folk: How to Work with the Elemental World: […], St. Paul, Minn.: Llewellyn Publishers, published 2004 (13th printing), →ISBN, page 354:",
"text": "Invite, but never command, friendly spirits, faeries, or elementals to join you as you wish. In some traditions it is common to invite ancestors to join you, especially during the dark days from Samhain to Imbolg when it is believed that the portal between our dimensions is at its thinnest.",
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"A holiday, falling on the night of 31 October to 1 November, celebrated by the ancient Celts and by modern neo-pagans as the beginning of winter and the new year, and a time during which the spirits of the dead could return to the earth."
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{
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{
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"word": "Halloween"
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"word": "November Eve"
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"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "holiday",
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"word": "Samaín"
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"ipa": "/ˈsaʊ.wɪn/"
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"ipa": "/ˈsæm.heɪn/",
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"name": "der"
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"7": "",
"8": "",
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"f4request": "1",
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"text": "18 September 2012, Foinse, Deir Mitt Romney go bhfuil vótálaithe Obama 'ag brath ar an rialtas' i bhfíseán a sceitheadh\nIs cosúil go bhfuil Romney ag labhairt le grúpa deontóirí saibhre níos luaithe i mbliana san fhíseán agus é ag labhairt go hoscailte faoina straitéis le díriú ar an bpíosa beag den daonra nach bhfuil cinneadh déanta acu go fóill i dtaobh toghchán na Samhna ...",
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"_dis1": "0 100",
"english": "Month of November",
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 100",
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"english": "A week before Samhain, Johnstone went back with seven geldings and a pair of panniers on each gelding for his butter.",
"ref": "1906, E. C. Quiggin, “Áindrías an Ime”, in A Dialect of Donegal: Being the Speech of Meenawannia in the Parish of Glenties, page 196:",
"text": "Seachtmhain roimhe Shamhain chuaidh an Seónstanach siar ⁊ seacht ngearráin ⁊ péire cliabh air ghach gearrán fá choinne a chuid ime.",
"type": "quote"
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],
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"tags": [
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{
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{
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{
"ipa": "/ˈsˠãuwənʲ/",
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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],
"tags": [
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},
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"glosses": [
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},
{
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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],
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"All Souls' Day"
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"tags": [
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"word": "Yule"
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{
"word": "Imbolc"
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{
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{
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}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Irish",
"English terms derived from Irish",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Holidays",
"en:Wicca"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1994, Edain McCoy, “Appendix Three: Outline for Ritual Construction”, in A Witch’s Guide to Faery Folk: How to Work with the Elemental World: […], St. Paul, Minn.: Llewellyn Publishers, published 2004 (13th printing), →ISBN, page 354:",
"text": "Invite, but never command, friendly spirits, faeries, or elementals to join you as you wish. In some traditions it is common to invite ancestors to join you, especially during the dark days from Samhain to Imbolg when it is believed that the portal between our dimensions is at its thinnest.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A holiday, falling on the night of 31 October to 1 November, celebrated by the ancient Celts and by modern neo-pagans as the beginning of winter and the new year, and a time during which the spirits of the dead could return to the earth."
],
"links": [
[
"holiday",
"holiday"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"Celt",
"Celt"
],
[
"neo-pagan",
"neo-pagan"
],
[
"winter",
"winter"
],
[
"new year",
"new year"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaʊ.wən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaʊ.wɪn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæm.heɪn/",
"note": "deprecated spelling pronunciation"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-Samhain.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/En-us-Samhain.ogg/En-us-Samhain.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/En-us-Samhain.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Halloween"
},
{
"word": "November Eve"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "holiday",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Samaín"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "holiday",
"word": "Saŭeno"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "holiday",
"word": "Saveno"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "holiday",
"word": "Samain"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "holiday",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Samaín"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Sóouin",
"sense": "holiday",
"word": "Σόουιν"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Sógouin",
"sense": "holiday",
"word": "Σόγουιν"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "holiday",
"word": "サウィン"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "Seou'in",
"sense": "holiday",
"word": "서우인"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "holiday",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Samonis"
}
],
"word": "Samhain"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish feminine nouns",
"Irish fifth-declension nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish nouns",
"Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ga:Calendar",
"gd:Calendar",
"gd:Months",
"gd:Time"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "Month of November",
"word": "Mí na Samhna"
},
{
"english": "Halloween",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Oíche Shamhna"
},
{
"word": "Sean-Samhain"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "Samain",
"t": "Halloween"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Samain (“Halloween”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*Samonyos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *Samonyos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "samoni-"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish samoni-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*smHon-",
"4": "*smH-on-",
"t": "together; reunion, assembly"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *smH-on- (“together; reunion, assembly”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "saman",
"t": "together"
},
"expansion": "Old High German saman (“together”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰",
"t": "together, in common"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰 (samana, “together, in common”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "समन",
"t": "together",
"tr": "samaná"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit समन (samaná, “together”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬀"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬀 (ha)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*samos",
"t": "summer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *samos (“summer”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "sam",
"t": "summer"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish sam (“summer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "haf",
"t": "summer"
},
"expansion": "Welsh haf (“summer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sm̥h₂ós",
"t": "summer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sm̥h₂ós (“summer”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish Samain (“Halloween”), from Proto-Celtic *Samonyos (compare Gaulish samoni-) or a genitive *samonis, either from Proto-Indo-European *smH-on- (“together; reunion, assembly”) (compare Old High German saman (“together”), Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰 (samana, “together, in common”), Sanskrit समन (samaná, “together”), सम् (sám, “with”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀 (ha), 𐬵𐬀𐬨 (ham, “together”)), from the root *sem- (“together, whole”), or alternatively from the same element found in the compound *kentusamonyos (“beginning of summer”), a derivation from Proto-Celtic *samos (“summer”) (compare Old Irish sam (“summer”), Welsh haf (“summer”)) from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥h₂ós (“summer”) < *semh₂-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Samhna",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Samhnacha",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "Samhain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Samhnacha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "a Shamhain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "a Shamhnacha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Samhna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Samhnacha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Samhain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Samhnacha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "an tSamhain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na Samhnacha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "na Samhna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "na Samhnacha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an tSamhain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don tSamhain",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis na Samhnacha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Samhain",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Shamhain",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "tSamhain",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "Samhnacha",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "Samhna",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "Samhain f (genitive singular Samhna, nominative plural Samhnacha)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "Samhna",
"3": "Samhnacha"
},
"expansion": "Samhain f (genitive singular Samhna, nominative plural Samhnacha)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "21 January 1919, Constitution of Dáil Éireann, Fourth Article\nBeidh an tAireach freagarthach don Dáil san airgead a gheobhfar mar sin agus leagfaidh sé cúntaisí mionscrúduighthe ar chaitheamh an airgid fé bhrághaid na Dála dhá uair sa bhliadhain – um Shamhain is um Bealtaine.\nThe Ministry shall be answerable to the Dáil for such moneys, and the accounts shall be audited with regard to the spending of money for the Dáil twice yearly – in November and May.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Romney appears to be talking to a group of rich donors earlier this year in the video, and he's talking openly about the strategy of targeting the small portion of the population who still haven't made a decision about November's election ...",
"text": "18 September 2012, Foinse, Deir Mitt Romney go bhfuil vótálaithe Obama 'ag brath ar an rialtas' i bhfíseán a sceitheadh\nIs cosúil go bhfuil Romney ag labhairt le grúpa deontóirí saibhre níos luaithe i mbliana san fhíseán agus é ag labhairt go hoscailte faoina straitéis le díriú ar an bpíosa beag den daonra nach bhfuil cinneadh déanta acu go fóill i dtaobh toghchán na Samhna ...",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"November"
],
"links": [
[
"November",
"November"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A week before Samhain, Johnstone went back with seven geldings and a pair of panniers on each gelding for his butter.",
"ref": "1906, E. C. Quiggin, “Áindrías an Ime”, in A Dialect of Donegal: Being the Speech of Meenawannia in the Parish of Glenties, page 196:",
"text": "Seachtmhain roimhe Shamhain chuaidh an Seónstanach siar ⁊ seacht ngearráin ⁊ péire cliabh air ghach gearrán fá choinne a chuid ime.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Samhain (Celtic festival); (more generally) the first of November."
],
"links": [
[
"Samhain",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sˠɑ̃u(ə)nʲ/",
"tags": [
"Munster"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sˠəunʲ/",
"tags": [
"Connacht"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsˠɑvˠən/",
"tags": [
"Connacht"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsˠãuwənʲ/",
"tags": [
"Ulster"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "Samhain"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"Scottish Gaelic feminine nouns",
"Scottish Gaelic lemmas",
"Scottish Gaelic proper nouns",
"gd:Calendar",
"gd:Months",
"gd:Time"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Oidhche Shamhna"
},
{
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "Samh"
},
{
"english": "bonfire or torch used at Halloween",
"word": "samhnag"
},
{
"english": "trick-or-treater",
"word": "samhnair"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Samhna",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Samhain",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Shamhain",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "after \"an\"",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "t-Samhain",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "Samhainn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "proper noun",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "Samhna",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Samhain f (genitive Samhna)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"November"
],
"links": [
[
"November",
"November"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with article: an t-Samhain) November"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with article"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"All Saints' Day"
],
"links": [
[
"All Saints' Day",
"All Saints' Day"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"All Souls' Day"
],
"links": [
[
"All Souls' Day",
"All Souls' Day"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaũ.iɲ/"
}
],
"word": "Samhain"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Samhain meaning in All languages combined (13.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: Samhain/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"Samhain"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "Samhain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"Samhain"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "Samhain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'eclipsis'",
"path": [
"Samhain"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "Samhain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: Samhain/Scottish Gaelic 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"Samhain"
],
"section": "Scottish Gaelic",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Samhain",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"Samhain"
],
"section": "Scottish Gaelic",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "Samhain",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.