See -lich on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -lich meaning in All languages combined (6.8kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "14 14 26 26 19",
"word": "gastlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 26 26 19",
"word": "lächerlich"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "-lich, -līch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German -lich, -līch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "-līh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German -līh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-līk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-līk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ly"
},
"expansion": "English -ly",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-lijk"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -lijk",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "-līche"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German -līche",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "-līhho"
},
"expansion": "Old High German -līhho",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Adjective:\nFrom Middle High German -lich, -līch, from Old High German -līh, from Proto-West Germanic *-līk. Cognate with English -ly and Dutch -lijk.\nAdverb:\nFrom Middle High German -līche, from Old High German -līhho.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "productive suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-lich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "14 14 26 26 19",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 26 26 19",
"word": "-isch"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 31 14 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 15 16 15 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "verstehen (“to understand”) + -lich → verständlich (“that can be understood, understandable”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives from verbs, to express that \"something can be done with the person or thing described\"."
],
"id": "en--lich-de-suffix-ERmS3gbs",
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 31 14 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 15 16 15 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "sterben (“to die”) + -lich → sterblich (“that dies, mortal”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives from verbs, to express that \"that the person or thing described does something\"."
],
"id": "en--lich-de-suffix-ctOAcpvt",
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 31 14 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 15 16 15 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Abenteuer (“adventure”) + -lich → abenteuerlich (“associated with adventure, adventurous”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives from nouns, to indicate \"affiliation\"."
],
"id": "en--lich-de-suffix-F10Q4Jzc",
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 31 14 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 15 16 15 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Jahr (“year”) + -lich → jährlich (“repeated every year, annually”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives from nouns (times), to indicate \"repetition\"."
],
"id": "en--lich-de-suffix-mdJMwK0u",
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 31 14 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 24 15 16 15 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "rot (“red”) + -lich → rötlich (“having a somewhat red coloring, reddish”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives from adjectives, to express \"a weakening or differentiation\"."
],
"id": "en--lich-de-suffix-zCSwU11D",
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪç/"
},
{
"audio": "De--lich2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/De--lich2.ogg/De--lich2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/De--lich2.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "14 14 26 26 19",
"english": "nowadays uncommon",
"word": "-licht"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
],
"word": "-lich"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-lich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "adjectival suffix",
"word": "-ly"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -ly (“adjectival suffix”)"
],
"id": "en--lich-enm-suffix-3pTYWIdb",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly#Middle_English:_adjectival"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-lich"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-lich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "adverbial suffix",
"word": "-ly"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -ly (“adverbial suffix”)"
],
"id": "en--lich-enm-suffix-3SvpF0vO",
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly#Middle_English:_adverbial"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-lich"
}
{
"categories": [
"German 1-syllable words",
"German adjective-forming suffixes",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German productive suffixes",
"German suffixes",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"German terms inherited from Old High German",
"German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"German terms with audio links",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gastlich"
},
{
"word": "lächerlich"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "-lich, -līch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German -lich, -līch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "-līh"
},
"expansion": "Old High German -līh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*-līk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-līk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ly"
},
"expansion": "English -ly",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-lijk"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -lijk",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "-līche"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German -līche",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "-līhho"
},
"expansion": "Old High German -līhho",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Adjective:\nFrom Middle High German -lich, -līch, from Old High German -līh, from Proto-West Germanic *-līk. Cognate with English -ly and Dutch -lijk.\nAdverb:\nFrom Middle High German -līche, from Old High German -līhho.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "productive suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-lich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"word": "-isch"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "verstehen (“to understand”) + -lich → verständlich (“that can be understood, understandable”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives from verbs, to express that \"something can be done with the person or thing described\"."
],
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "sterben (“to die”) + -lich → sterblich (“that dies, mortal”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives from verbs, to express that \"that the person or thing described does something\"."
],
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Abenteuer (“adventure”) + -lich → abenteuerlich (“associated with adventure, adventurous”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives from nouns, to indicate \"affiliation\"."
],
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Jahr (“year”) + -lich → jährlich (“repeated every year, annually”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives from nouns (times), to indicate \"repetition\"."
],
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "rot (“red”) + -lich → rötlich (“having a somewhat red coloring, reddish”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form adjectives from adjectives, to express \"a weakening or differentiation\"."
],
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɪç/"
},
{
"audio": "De--lich2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/De--lich2.ogg/De--lich2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/De--lich2.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "nowadays uncommon",
"word": "-licht"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
],
"word": "-lich"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-lich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "adjectival suffix",
"word": "-ly"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -ly (“adjectival suffix”)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly#Middle_English:_adjectival"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-lich"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-lich",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "adverbial suffix",
"word": "-ly"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -ly (“adverbial suffix”)"
],
"links": [
[
"-ly",
"-ly#Middle_English:_adverbial"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-lich"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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