"-istaz" meaning in All languages combined

See -istaz on Wiktionary

Suffix [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /is.tɑz/
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *-istHos, from *-yōs (relative suffix) + *-tHós (adjectival suffix). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ιστος (-istos), Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ištʰas. Etymology templates: {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|*-istHos}} Proto-Indo-European *-istHos, {{compound|ine-pro|*-yōs|*-tós|alt2=*-tHós|nocat=1|pos1=relative suffix|pos2=adjectival suffix}} *-yōs (relative suffix) + *-tHós (adjectival suffix), {{cog|grc|-ιστος}} Ancient Greek -ιστος (-istos), {{cog|iir-pro|*-ištʰas}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ištʰas Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj}} Forms: -ist az [canonical], -ist [adverb], -izô [comparative], no-table-tags [table-tags], -istaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], -istai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], -istō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], -istôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], -istą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -at [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -istō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], -istanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], -istanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], -istǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], -istōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], -istą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -at [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -istō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], -istas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -istis [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -istaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], -istaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], -istaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], -istas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -istis [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -istaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], -istammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], -istaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], -istaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], -istaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], -istammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], -istaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], -istanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], -istaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], -istaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], -istaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], -istanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], -istaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], -istô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], -istaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], -istǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], -istōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], -istô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], -istōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], -istanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], -istanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], -istōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], -istōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], -istô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], -istōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], -istiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], -istanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], -istōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], -istōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], -istiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], -istanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], -istini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], -istammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], -istōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], -istōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], -istini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], -istammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], -istinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], -istammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], -istōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], -istōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], -istinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], -istammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. -est. Forms the superlative of certain adjectives. Tags: morpheme, reconstruction Synonyms: -umô
    Sense id: en--istaz-gem-pro-suffix-JFUMkaRx Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header

Download JSON data for -istaz meaning in All languages combined (10.8kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "-est"
          },
          "expansion": "English: -est",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: -est"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "-ist"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: -ist",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: -ist"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "-ist"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: -ist",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: -ist"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "-ist"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: -ist",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: -ist"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "German: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "-str"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: -str",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: -str"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "-stur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: -stur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: -stur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "-stur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: -stur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: -stur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "-ster"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: -ster",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: -ster"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "-𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: -𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (-ists)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: -𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (-ists)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-istHos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-istHos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-yōs",
        "3": "*-tós",
        "alt2": "*-tHós",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos1": "relative suffix",
        "pos2": "adjectival suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "*-yōs (relative suffix) + *-tHós (adjectival suffix)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-ιστος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ιστος (-istos)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "iir-pro",
        "2": "*-ištʰas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ištʰas",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-istHos, from *-yōs (relative suffix) + *-tHós (adjectival suffix). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ιστος (-istos), Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ištʰas.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ist az",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ist",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-izô",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-at",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-at",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-istaz",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-est. Forms the superlative of certain adjectives."
      ],
      "id": "en--istaz-gem-pro-suffix-JFUMkaRx",
      "links": [
        [
          "-est",
          "-est"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-umô"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/is.tɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-istaz"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "-est"
          },
          "expansion": "English: -est",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: -est"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "-ist"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: -ist",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: -ist"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "-ist"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: -ist",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: -ist"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "-ist"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: -ist",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: -ist"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "German: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "-str"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: -str",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: -str"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "-stur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: -stur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: -stur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "-stur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: -stur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: -stur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "-ster"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: -ster",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: -ster"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "-st"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: -st",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: -st"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "-𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: -𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (-ists)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: -𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (-ists)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-istHos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-istHos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-yōs",
        "3": "*-tós",
        "alt2": "*-tHós",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos1": "relative suffix",
        "pos2": "adjectival suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "*-yōs (relative suffix) + *-tHós (adjectival suffix)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-ιστος"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ιστος (-istos)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "iir-pro",
        "2": "*-ištʰas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ištʰas",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-istHos, from *-yōs (relative suffix) + *-tHós (adjectival suffix). Cognate with Ancient Greek -ιστος (-istos), Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ištʰas.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ist az",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ist",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-izô",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-at",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-at",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-istammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-istaz",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic adjective-forming suffixes",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic suffixes",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "-est. Forms the superlative of certain adjectives."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-est",
          "-est"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/is.tɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-umô"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-istaz"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.