"-crum" meaning in All languages combined

See -crum on Wiktionary

Suffix [Latin]

IPA: /krum/ [Classical-Latin], [krʊ̃ˑ] [Classical-Latin], /krum/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [krum] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *-klom by long distance dissimilation of /l..l/ > /l...r/. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-tlom. Although the Proto-Indo-European suffix had a variant with *r (*-trom, the ancestor of Latin -trum), the /k/ in -crum indicates that it comes from *tlom, since Proto-Indo-European *t was regularly changed to *k in Italic before *l, but not before *r. Based on the form of Umbrian ehvelklu 'decretum', the dissimilation to /r/ that created the form -crum postdates Proto-Italic. Compare -āris, a dissimilated allomorph of -ālis. Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*-klom}} Proto-Italic *-klom, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*-tlom}} Proto-Indo-European *-tlom Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|-crum<2>}} Forms: -crī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], -crum [nominative, singular], -cra [nominative, plural], -crī [genitive, singular], -crōrum [genitive, plural], -crō [dative, singular], -crīs [dative, plural], -crum [accusative, singular], -cra [accusative, plural], -crō [ablative, singular], -crīs [ablative, plural], -crum [singular, vocative], -cra [plural, vocative]
  1. Alternative form of -culum (used only when /l/ occurs earlier in the word) Tags: alt-of, alternative, declension-2, morpheme, neuter Alternative form of: -culum (extra: used only when /l/ occurs earlier in the word) Related terms: -clum, -culum, -trum
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-klom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-klom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-tlom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tlom",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *-klom by long distance dissimilation of /l..l/ > /l...r/. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-tlom. Although the Proto-Indo-European suffix had a variant with *r (*-trom, the ancestor of Latin -trum), the /k/ in -crum indicates that it comes from *tlom, since Proto-Indo-European *t was regularly changed to *k in Italic before *l, but not before *r. Based on the form of Umbrian ehvelklu 'decretum', the dissimilation to /r/ that created the form -crum postdates Proto-Italic. Compare -āris, a dissimilated allomorph of -ālis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-crī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-cra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-cra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-cra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-crum<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "used only when /l/ occurs earlier in the word",
          "word": "-culum"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -culum (used only when /l/ occurs earlier in the word)"
      ],
      "id": "en--crum-la-suffix-7xmcbv1~",
      "links": [
        [
          "-culum",
          "-culum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "-clum"
        },
        {
          "word": "-culum"
        },
        {
          "word": "-trum"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/krum/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[krʊ̃ˑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/krum/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[krum]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-crum"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*-klom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *-klom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-tlom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tlom",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *-klom by long distance dissimilation of /l..l/ > /l...r/. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-tlom. Although the Proto-Indo-European suffix had a variant with *r (*-trom, the ancestor of Latin -trum), the /k/ in -crum indicates that it comes from *tlom, since Proto-Indo-European *t was regularly changed to *k in Italic before *l, but not before *r. Based on the form of Umbrian ehvelklu 'decretum', the dissimilation to /r/ that created the form -crum postdates Proto-Italic. Compare -āris, a dissimilated allomorph of -ālis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-crī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-cra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-cra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-crum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-cra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-crum<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-clum"
    },
    {
      "word": "-culum"
    },
    {
      "word": "-trum"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "used only when /l/ occurs earlier in the word",
          "word": "-culum"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Latin 1-syllable words",
        "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latin lemmas",
        "Latin neuter suffixes",
        "Latin neuter suffixes in the second declension",
        "Latin noun-forming suffixes",
        "Latin second declension suffixes",
        "Latin suffixes",
        "Latin suffixes with red links in their inflection tables",
        "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
        "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
        "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -culum (used only when /l/ occurs earlier in the word)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-culum",
          "-culum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "declension-2",
        "morpheme",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/krum/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[krʊ̃ˑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/krum/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[krum]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-crum"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.