See -ès on Wiktionary
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{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ès",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to form the second person plural preterite indicative of second-conjugation verbs"
],
"links": [
[
"second-conjugation verbs",
"-re#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ès"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-es"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-as"
},
"expansion": "Old English -as",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-ōs"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ōs",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-es"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-es",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-s",
"pos": "plural noun ending"
},
"expansion": "English -s (plural noun ending)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -es, from Old English -as, nominative-accusative plural ending of masculine a-stem (i.e. strong) declension nouns, from Proto-Germanic *-ōs, *‑ōz, from Proto-Indo-European *-es, *-oes (plural ending). Cognate with English -s (plural noun ending).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-es",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-s",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-ès",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Yola entries with incorrect language header",
"Yola lemmas",
"Yola suffixes",
"Yola terms derived from Middle English",
"Yola terms derived from Old English",
"Yola terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Yola terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Yola terms inherited from Middle English",
"Yola terms inherited from Old English",
"Yola terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Yola terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the regular plural of nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"plural",
"plural#English"
],
[
"nouns",
"nouns#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-s/"
}
],
"word": "-ès"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ès meaning in All languages combined (8.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ès"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ès",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ès"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ès",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-ès"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-ès",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.