See 갈다 on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gari",
"word": "갈이"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "switch"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "anchor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yb",
"2": "ᄀᆞᆯ다〮",
"3": "kòl-tá",
"dot": ","
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆯ다〮 (Yale: kòl-tá),",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*<kòl->"
},
"expansion": "*",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"2": "ᡥᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ",
"t": "to change, to replace"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᡥᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (halambi, “to change, to replace”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆯ다〮 (Yale: kòl-tá), probably from pre-MK *; see Appendix:Koreanic reconstructions#/l/ and /ɾ/ merger. Manchu ᡥᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (halambi, “to change, to replace”) is probably borrowed from Koreanic in ancient times.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "galda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "간다",
"roman": "ganda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니다",
"roman": "gamnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았다",
"roman": "garatda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니다",
"roman": "garatseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가느냐",
"roman": "ganeunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니까",
"roman": "gamnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았느냐",
"roman": "garanneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니까",
"roman": "garatseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈자",
"roman": "galja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시다",
"roman": "gasipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아라",
"roman": "garara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑시오",
"roman": "gapsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠다",
"roman": "galgetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어",
"roman": "galgesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어요",
"roman": "galgesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠습니다",
"roman": "galgetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아서",
"roman": "garaseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"roman": "gani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가니까",
"roman": "ganikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈지만",
"roman": "galjiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가는데",
"roman": "ganeunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈더니",
"roman": "galdeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고",
"roman": "galgo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈면",
"roman": "galmyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아야",
"roman": "garaya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈려고",
"roman": "gallyeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "갊",
"roman": "gam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈기",
"roman": "galgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았음",
"roman": "garasseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았기",
"roman": "garatgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "간",
"roman": "gan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가는",
"roman": "ganeun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "갈",
"roman": "gal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "가신다",
"roman": "gasinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니다",
"roman": "gasimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨다",
"roman": "gasyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니다",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시느냐",
"roman": "gasineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니까",
"roman": "gasimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨느냐",
"roman": "gasyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니까",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시라",
"roman": "gasira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시오",
"roman": "gasipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠다",
"roman": "gasigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어",
"roman": "gasigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어요",
"roman": "gasigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠습니다",
"roman": "gasigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔서",
"roman": "gasyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니",
"roman": "gasini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니까",
"roman": "gasinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시지만",
"roman": "gasijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는데",
"roman": "gasineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시더니",
"roman": "gasideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시고",
"roman": "gasigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시면",
"roman": "gasimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔야",
"roman": "gasyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시려고",
"roman": "gasiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "가심",
"roman": "gasim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가시기",
"roman": "gasigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨음",
"roman": "gasyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨기",
"roman": "gasyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가신",
"roman": "gasin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는",
"roman": "gasineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "가실",
"roman": "gasil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "갈다",
"2": "갈리다",
"3": "갈리다"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ko-verb-set"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "갈다 • (galda) (infinitive 갈아, sequential 가니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 15 26 22 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Native Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "garadaeda",
"word": "갈아대다"
},
{
"roman": "garadeulda",
"word": "갈아들다"
},
{
"roman": "garamaeda",
"word": "갈아매다"
},
{
"roman": "garaseoda",
"word": "갈아서다"
},
{
"roman": "garaipda",
"word": "갈아입다"
},
{
"roman": "garatada",
"word": "갈아타다"
},
{
"roman": "beon'galda",
"word": "번(番)갈다"
},
{
"roman": "eotgalda",
"word": "엇갈다"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to change, to replace, to switch (in general)"
],
"id": "en-갈다-ko-verb-xzYOlyc~",
"links": [
[
"change",
"change"
],
[
"replace",
"replace"
],
[
"switch",
"switch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "교체(交替)하다"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈다"
},
{
"other": "[갈다]"
}
],
"word": "갈다"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "galgodakda",
"word": "갈고닦다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "galdakda",
"word": "갈닦다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "galbusuda",
"word": "갈부수다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "garabuchida",
"word": "갈아붙이다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "okgalda",
"word": "옥갈다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "jatgalda",
"word": "잗갈다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "doegalda",
"word": "되갈다"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "anchor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ws",
"2": "ᄀᆞᆯ〮다〮",
"3": "kól-tá",
"dot": ","
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆯ〮다〮 (Yale: kól-tá),",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*<kór->"
},
"expansion": "*",
"name": "IPAfont"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆯ〮다〮 (Yale: kól-tá), probably from pre-MK *; see Appendix:Koreanic reconstructions#/l/ and /ɾ/ merger.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "galda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "간다",
"roman": "ganda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니다",
"roman": "gamnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았다",
"roman": "garatda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니다",
"roman": "garatseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가느냐",
"roman": "ganeunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니까",
"roman": "gamnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았느냐",
"roman": "garanneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니까",
"roman": "garatseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈자",
"roman": "galja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시다",
"roman": "gasipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아라",
"roman": "garara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑시오",
"roman": "gapsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠다",
"roman": "galgetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어",
"roman": "galgesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어요",
"roman": "galgesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠습니다",
"roman": "galgetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아서",
"roman": "garaseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"roman": "gani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가니까",
"roman": "ganikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈지만",
"roman": "galjiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가는데",
"roman": "ganeunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈더니",
"roman": "galdeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고",
"roman": "galgo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈면",
"roman": "galmyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아야",
"roman": "garaya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈려고",
"roman": "gallyeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "갊",
"roman": "gam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈기",
"roman": "galgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았음",
"roman": "garasseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았기",
"roman": "garatgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "간",
"roman": "gan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가는",
"roman": "ganeun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "갈",
"roman": "gal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "가신다",
"roman": "gasinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니다",
"roman": "gasimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨다",
"roman": "gasyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니다",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시느냐",
"roman": "gasineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니까",
"roman": "gasimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨느냐",
"roman": "gasyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니까",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시라",
"roman": "gasira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시오",
"roman": "gasipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠다",
"roman": "gasigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어",
"roman": "gasigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어요",
"roman": "gasigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠습니다",
"roman": "gasigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔서",
"roman": "gasyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니",
"roman": "gasini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니까",
"roman": "gasinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시지만",
"roman": "gasijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는데",
"roman": "gasineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시더니",
"roman": "gasideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시고",
"roman": "gasigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시면",
"roman": "gasimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔야",
"roman": "gasyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시려고",
"roman": "gasiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "가심",
"roman": "gasim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가시기",
"roman": "gasigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨음",
"roman": "gasyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨기",
"roman": "gasyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가신",
"roman": "gasin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는",
"roman": "gasineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "가실",
"roman": "gasil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "갈다",
"2": "갈리다",
"3": "갈리다"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ko-verb-set"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "갈다 • (galda) (infinitive 갈아, sequential 가니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 15 26 22 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Native Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grind"
],
"id": "en-갈다-ko-verb-Z7eRVPPd",
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 15 26 22 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Native Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
10
]
],
"english": "to sharpen a sword",
"roman": "kar-eul galda",
"text": "칼을 갈다",
"translation": "to sharpen a sword",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to whet, to hone (a blade)"
],
"id": "en-갈다-ko-verb-qDIapSS7",
"links": [
[
"whet",
"whet"
],
[
"hone",
"hone"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 15 26 22 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Native Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "to gnash one's teeth",
"roman": "i-reul galda",
"text": "이를 갈다",
"translation": "to gnash one's teeth",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grit, to gnash (one's teeth)"
],
"id": "en-갈다-ko-verb-E-m7~LPb",
"links": [
[
"grit",
"grit"
],
[
"gnash",
"gnash"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈다"
},
{
"other": "[갈다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka̠(ː)ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈(ː)다"
},
{
"other": "[갈(ː)다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈다"
},
{
"other": "[갈다]"
}
],
"word": "갈다"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gari",
"word": "갈이"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "doegalda",
"word": "되갈다"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "anchor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ws",
"2": "갈〯다〮",
"3": "kǎl-tá"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 갈〯다〮 (Yale: kǎl-tá).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 갈〯다〮 (Yale: kǎl-tá).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "galda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "간다",
"roman": "ganda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니다",
"roman": "gamnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았다",
"roman": "garatda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니다",
"roman": "garatseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가느냐",
"roman": "ganeunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니까",
"roman": "gamnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았느냐",
"roman": "garanneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니까",
"roman": "garatseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈자",
"roman": "galja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시다",
"roman": "gasipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아라",
"roman": "garara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑시오",
"roman": "gapsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠다",
"roman": "galgetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어",
"roman": "galgesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어요",
"roman": "galgesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠습니다",
"roman": "galgetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아서",
"roman": "garaseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"roman": "gani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가니까",
"roman": "ganikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈지만",
"roman": "galjiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가는데",
"roman": "ganeunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈더니",
"roman": "galdeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고",
"roman": "galgo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈면",
"roman": "galmyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아야",
"roman": "garaya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈려고",
"roman": "gallyeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "갊",
"roman": "gam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈기",
"roman": "galgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았음",
"roman": "garasseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았기",
"roman": "garatgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "간",
"roman": "gan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가는",
"roman": "ganeun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "갈",
"roman": "gal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "가신다",
"roman": "gasinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니다",
"roman": "gasimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨다",
"roman": "gasyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니다",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시느냐",
"roman": "gasineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니까",
"roman": "gasimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨느냐",
"roman": "gasyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니까",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시라",
"roman": "gasira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시오",
"roman": "gasipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠다",
"roman": "gasigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어",
"roman": "gasigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어요",
"roman": "gasigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠습니다",
"roman": "gasigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔서",
"roman": "gasyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니",
"roman": "gasini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니까",
"roman": "gasinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시지만",
"roman": "gasijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는데",
"roman": "gasineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시더니",
"roman": "gasideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시고",
"roman": "gasigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시면",
"roman": "gasimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔야",
"roman": "gasyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시려고",
"roman": "gasiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "가심",
"roman": "gasim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가시기",
"roman": "gasigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨음",
"roman": "gasyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨기",
"roman": "gasyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가신",
"roman": "gasin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는",
"roman": "gasineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "가실",
"roman": "gasil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "갈다",
"2": "갈리다",
"3": "갈리다"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ko-verb-set"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "갈다 • (galda) (infinitive 갈아, sequential 가니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 10 12 19 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 8 14 20 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 18 25 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 18 25 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 26 22 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Native Korean words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 16 17 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 11 11 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "galbaraeda",
"word": "갈바래다"
},
{
"roman": "garameokda",
"word": "갈아먹다"
},
{
"roman": "gara'eopda",
"word": "갈아엎다"
},
{
"roman": "sakgalda",
"word": "삭갈다"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"english": "to plow a field",
"roman": "bat-eul galda",
"text": "밭을 갈다",
"translation": "to plow a field",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sow; to plow, to till"
],
"id": "en-갈다-ko-verb-7LD75QO8",
"links": [
[
"sow",
"sow"
],
[
"plow",
"plow"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈다"
},
{
"other": "[갈다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka̠(ː)ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈(ː)다"
},
{
"other": "[갈(ː)다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka̠(ː)ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈(ː)다"
},
{
"other": "[갈(ː)다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈다"
},
{
"other": "[갈다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka̠(ː)ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈(ː)다"
},
{
"other": "[갈(ː)다]"
}
],
"word": "갈다"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "okm"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Perhaps related to 가ᄅᆞ다 (kalota, “to split”), 가리다 (kalita, “to be split”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "갈〯다〮",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kǎltá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "가라〮",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "가〯니〮",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "verb",
"3": "infinitive",
"4": "가라〮",
"5": "sequential",
"6": "가〯니〮",
"head": "갈〯다〮"
},
"expansion": "갈〯다〮 (kǎltá) (infinitive 가라〮, sequential 가〯니〮)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Korean",
"lang_code": "okm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "IPA pronunciations with paired HTML tags",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to plow"
],
"id": "en-갈다-okm-verb-WtjsKZoc",
"links": [
[
"plow",
"plow"
]
]
}
],
"word": "갈다"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean l-irregular verbs",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Korean transitive verbs",
"Korean verbs",
"Native Korean words",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "garadaeda",
"word": "갈아대다"
},
{
"roman": "garadeulda",
"word": "갈아들다"
},
{
"roman": "garamaeda",
"word": "갈아매다"
},
{
"roman": "garaseoda",
"word": "갈아서다"
},
{
"roman": "garaipda",
"word": "갈아입다"
},
{
"roman": "garatada",
"word": "갈아타다"
},
{
"roman": "gari",
"word": "갈이"
},
{
"roman": "beon'galda",
"word": "번(番)갈다"
},
{
"roman": "eotgalda",
"word": "엇갈다"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "switch"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "anchor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yb",
"2": "ᄀᆞᆯ다〮",
"3": "kòl-tá",
"dot": ","
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆯ다〮 (Yale: kòl-tá),",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*<kòl->"
},
"expansion": "*",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"2": "ᡥᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ",
"t": "to change, to replace"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᡥᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (halambi, “to change, to replace”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆯ다〮 (Yale: kòl-tá), probably from pre-MK *; see Appendix:Koreanic reconstructions#/l/ and /ɾ/ merger. Manchu ᡥᠠᠯᠠᠮᠪᡳ (halambi, “to change, to replace”) is probably borrowed from Koreanic in ancient times.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "galda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "간다",
"roman": "ganda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니다",
"roman": "gamnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았다",
"roman": "garatda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니다",
"roman": "garatseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가느냐",
"roman": "ganeunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니까",
"roman": "gamnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았느냐",
"roman": "garanneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니까",
"roman": "garatseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈자",
"roman": "galja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시다",
"roman": "gasipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아라",
"roman": "garara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑시오",
"roman": "gapsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠다",
"roman": "galgetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어",
"roman": "galgesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어요",
"roman": "galgesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠습니다",
"roman": "galgetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아서",
"roman": "garaseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"roman": "gani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가니까",
"roman": "ganikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈지만",
"roman": "galjiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가는데",
"roman": "ganeunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈더니",
"roman": "galdeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고",
"roman": "galgo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈면",
"roman": "galmyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아야",
"roman": "garaya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈려고",
"roman": "gallyeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "갊",
"roman": "gam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈기",
"roman": "galgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았음",
"roman": "garasseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았기",
"roman": "garatgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "간",
"roman": "gan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가는",
"roman": "ganeun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "갈",
"roman": "gal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "가신다",
"roman": "gasinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니다",
"roman": "gasimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨다",
"roman": "gasyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니다",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시느냐",
"roman": "gasineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니까",
"roman": "gasimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨느냐",
"roman": "gasyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니까",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시라",
"roman": "gasira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시오",
"roman": "gasipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠다",
"roman": "gasigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어",
"roman": "gasigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어요",
"roman": "gasigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠습니다",
"roman": "gasigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔서",
"roman": "gasyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니",
"roman": "gasini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니까",
"roman": "gasinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시지만",
"roman": "gasijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는데",
"roman": "gasineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시더니",
"roman": "gasideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시고",
"roman": "gasigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시면",
"roman": "gasimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔야",
"roman": "gasyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시려고",
"roman": "gasiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "가심",
"roman": "gasim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가시기",
"roman": "gasigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨음",
"roman": "gasyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨기",
"roman": "gasyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가신",
"roman": "gasin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는",
"roman": "gasineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "가실",
"roman": "gasil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "갈다",
"2": "갈리다",
"3": "갈리다"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ko-verb-set"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "갈다 • (galda) (infinitive 갈아, sequential 가니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to change, to replace, to switch (in general)"
],
"links": [
[
"change",
"change"
],
[
"replace",
"replace"
],
[
"switch",
"switch"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "교체(交替)하다"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈다"
},
{
"other": "[갈다]"
}
],
"word": "갈다"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean l-irregular verbs",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Korean transitive verbs",
"Korean verbs",
"Native Korean words",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "galgodakda",
"word": "갈고닦다"
},
{
"roman": "galdakda",
"word": "갈닦다"
},
{
"roman": "galbusuda",
"word": "갈부수다"
},
{
"roman": "garabuchida",
"word": "갈아붙이다"
},
{
"roman": "doegalda",
"word": "되갈다"
},
{
"roman": "okgalda",
"word": "옥갈다"
},
{
"roman": "jatgalda",
"word": "잗갈다"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grind"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "anchor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ws",
"2": "ᄀᆞᆯ〮다〮",
"3": "kól-tá",
"dot": ","
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆯ〮다〮 (Yale: kól-tá),",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*<kór->"
},
"expansion": "*",
"name": "IPAfont"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆯ〮다〮 (Yale: kól-tá), probably from pre-MK *; see Appendix:Koreanic reconstructions#/l/ and /ɾ/ merger.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "galda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "간다",
"roman": "ganda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니다",
"roman": "gamnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았다",
"roman": "garatda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니다",
"roman": "garatseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가느냐",
"roman": "ganeunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니까",
"roman": "gamnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았느냐",
"roman": "garanneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니까",
"roman": "garatseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈자",
"roman": "galja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시다",
"roman": "gasipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아라",
"roman": "garara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑시오",
"roman": "gapsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠다",
"roman": "galgetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어",
"roman": "galgesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어요",
"roman": "galgesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠습니다",
"roman": "galgetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아서",
"roman": "garaseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"roman": "gani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가니까",
"roman": "ganikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈지만",
"roman": "galjiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가는데",
"roman": "ganeunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈더니",
"roman": "galdeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고",
"roman": "galgo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈면",
"roman": "galmyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아야",
"roman": "garaya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈려고",
"roman": "gallyeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "갊",
"roman": "gam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈기",
"roman": "galgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았음",
"roman": "garasseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았기",
"roman": "garatgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "간",
"roman": "gan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가는",
"roman": "ganeun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "갈",
"roman": "gal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "가신다",
"roman": "gasinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니다",
"roman": "gasimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨다",
"roman": "gasyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니다",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시느냐",
"roman": "gasineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니까",
"roman": "gasimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨느냐",
"roman": "gasyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니까",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시라",
"roman": "gasira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시오",
"roman": "gasipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠다",
"roman": "gasigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어",
"roman": "gasigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어요",
"roman": "gasigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠습니다",
"roman": "gasigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔서",
"roman": "gasyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니",
"roman": "gasini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니까",
"roman": "gasinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시지만",
"roman": "gasijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는데",
"roman": "gasineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시더니",
"roman": "gasideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시고",
"roman": "gasigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시면",
"roman": "gasimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔야",
"roman": "gasyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시려고",
"roman": "gasiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "가심",
"roman": "gasim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가시기",
"roman": "gasigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨음",
"roman": "gasyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨기",
"roman": "gasyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가신",
"roman": "gasin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는",
"roman": "gasineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "가실",
"roman": "gasil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "갈다",
"2": "갈리다",
"3": "갈리다"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ko-verb-set"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "갈다 • (galda) (infinitive 갈아, sequential 가니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to grind"
],
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Korean terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
10
]
],
"english": "to sharpen a sword",
"roman": "kar-eul galda",
"text": "칼을 갈다",
"translation": "to sharpen a sword",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to whet, to hone (a blade)"
],
"links": [
[
"whet",
"whet"
],
[
"hone",
"hone"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Korean terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"english": "to gnash one's teeth",
"roman": "i-reul galda",
"text": "이를 갈다",
"translation": "to gnash one's teeth",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grit, to gnash (one's teeth)"
],
"links": [
[
"grit",
"grit"
],
[
"gnash",
"gnash"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈다"
},
{
"other": "[갈다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka̠(ː)ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈(ː)다"
},
{
"other": "[갈(ː)다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈다"
},
{
"other": "[갈다]"
}
],
"word": "갈다"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean l-irregular verbs",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms derived from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean",
"Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
"Korean transitive verbs",
"Korean verbs",
"Native Korean words",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "galbaraeda",
"word": "갈바래다"
},
{
"roman": "garameokda",
"word": "갈아먹다"
},
{
"roman": "gara'eopda",
"word": "갈아엎다"
},
{
"roman": "gari",
"word": "갈이"
},
{
"roman": "doegalda",
"word": "되갈다"
},
{
"roman": "sakgalda",
"word": "삭갈다"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "plow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "anchor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ws",
"2": "갈〯다〮",
"3": "kǎl-tá"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 갈〯다〮 (Yale: kǎl-tá).",
"name": "ko-etym-native"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 갈〯다〮 (Yale: kǎl-tá).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "galda",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "간다",
"roman": "ganda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니다",
"roman": "gamnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았다",
"roman": "garatda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니다",
"roman": "garatseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가느냐",
"roman": "ganeunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑니까",
"roman": "gamnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았느냐",
"roman": "garanneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어",
"roman": "garasseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았어요",
"roman": "garasseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았습니까",
"roman": "garatseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈자",
"roman": "galja",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"hortative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시다",
"roman": "gasipsida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"hortative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아라",
"roman": "garara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아요",
"roman": "garayo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갑시오",
"roman": "gapsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠다",
"roman": "galgetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어",
"roman": "galgesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠어요",
"roman": "galgesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈겠습니다",
"roman": "galgetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아",
"roman": "gara",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아서",
"roman": "garaseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가니",
"roman": "gani",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가니까",
"roman": "ganikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈지만",
"roman": "galjiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가는데",
"roman": "ganeunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈더니",
"roman": "galdeoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "갈고",
"roman": "galgo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈면",
"roman": "galmyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈아야",
"roman": "garaya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "갈려고",
"roman": "gallyeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "갊",
"roman": "gam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈기",
"roman": "galgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았음",
"roman": "garasseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "갈았기",
"roman": "garatgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "간",
"roman": "gan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가는",
"roman": "ganeun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "갈",
"roman": "gal",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
},
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ko-conj/verb",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "consonant-stem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "가신다",
"roman": "gasinda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니다",
"roman": "gasimnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨다",
"roman": "gasyeotda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"informal",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니다",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"indicative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시느냐",
"roman": "gasineunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔요",
"roman": "gasyeoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십니까",
"roman": "gasimnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"non-past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨느냐",
"roman": "gasyeonneunya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어",
"roman": "gasyeosseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨어요",
"roman": "gasyeosseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨습니까",
"roman": "gasyeotseumnikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"interrogative",
"past",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시라",
"roman": "gasira",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가세요",
"roman": "gaseyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가십시오",
"roman": "gasipsio",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"imperative",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠다",
"roman": "gasigetda",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어",
"roman": "gasigesseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠어요",
"roman": "gasigesseoyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시겠습니다",
"roman": "gasigetseumnida",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"assertive",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔",
"roman": "gasyeo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔서",
"roman": "gasyeoseo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니",
"roman": "gasini",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시니까",
"roman": "gasinikka",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative",
"formal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시지만",
"roman": "gasijiman",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는데",
"roman": "gasineunde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시더니",
"roman": "gasideoni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive",
"informal",
"polite"
]
},
{
"form": "가시고",
"roman": "gasigo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시면",
"roman": "gasimyeon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "가셔야",
"roman": "gasyeoya",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"informal"
]
},
{
"form": "가시려고",
"roman": "gasiryeogo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"motive-form"
]
},
{
"form": "가심",
"roman": "gasim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가시기",
"roman": "gasigi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨음",
"roman": "gasyeosseum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가셨기",
"roman": "gasyeotgi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"informal",
"noun-from-verb",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가신",
"roman": "gasin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "가시는",
"roman": "gasineun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "가실",
"roman": "gasil",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"formal",
"future"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "갈다",
"2": "갈리다",
"3": "갈리다"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ko-verb-set"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "갈다 • (galda) (infinitive 갈아, sequential 가니)",
"name": "ko-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "transitive"
},
"expansion": "(transitive)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"english": "to plow a field",
"roman": "bat-eul galda",
"text": "밭을 갈다",
"translation": "to plow a field",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sow; to plow, to till"
],
"links": [
[
"sow",
"sow"
],
[
"plow",
"plow"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈다"
},
{
"other": "[갈다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka̠(ː)ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈(ː)다"
},
{
"other": "[갈(ː)다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka̠(ː)ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈(ː)다"
},
{
"other": "[갈(ː)다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈다"
},
{
"other": "[갈다]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈka̠(ː)ɭda̠]",
"tags": [
"SK-Standard",
"Seoul"
]
},
{
"hangeul": "갈(ː)다"
},
{
"other": "[갈(ː)다]"
}
],
"word": "갈다"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "okm"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Perhaps related to 가ᄅᆞ다 (kalota, “to split”), 가리다 (kalita, “to be split”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "갈〯다〮",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kǎltá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "가라〮",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "가〯니〮",
"tags": [
"sequential"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "okm",
"2": "verb",
"3": "infinitive",
"4": "가라〮",
"5": "sequential",
"6": "가〯니〮",
"head": "갈〯다〮"
},
"expansion": "갈〯다〮 (kǎltá) (infinitive 가라〮, sequential 가〯니〮)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Korean",
"lang_code": "okm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"IPA pronunciations with paired HTML tags",
"Middle Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Korean lemmas",
"Middle Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Korean terms with unknown etymologies",
"Middle Korean verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to plow"
],
"links": [
[
"plow",
"plow"
]
]
}
],
"word": "갈다"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 갈다 meaning in All languages combined (41.1kB)
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.