"美化" meaning in All languages combined

See 美化 on Wiktionary

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /mei̯¹³ faː³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hua⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/, /mei̯¹³ faː³³/, /bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/, /bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hua⁴¹/, /bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/, /bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua¹¹/, /bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/ Chinese transliterations: měihuà [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄇㄟˇ ㄏㄨㄚˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], mei⁵ faa³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], bí-hòa, měihuà [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], měihuà [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], mei³-hua⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], měi-hwà [Mandarin, Yale], meeihuah [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], мэйхуа [Mandarin, Palladius], mɛjxua [Mandarin, Palladius], méih fa [Cantonese, Yale], mei⁵ faa³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], méi⁵ fa³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], bí-hòa [Hokkien, POJ], bí-huà [Hokkien, Tai-lo], by'hoax [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun]
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 美化
  1. to beautify; to embellish
    Sense id: en-美化-zh-verb-y5u1CuUa
  2. to glamorize; to describe or represent as good (something bad)
    Sense id: en-美化-zh-verb-SlODmI2i Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 33 67

Noun [Japanese]

Forms: 美化 [canonical] (ruby: (), ()), bika [romanization]
Head templates: {{ja-noun|びか}} 美(び)化(か) • (bika)
  1. beautification
    Sense id: en-美化-ja-noun-7VHi1Gxy Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 51 10 15 24 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 59 8 11 22 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 58 8 10 24 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 60 8 10 23
  2. glorification; baseless speaking well of
    Sense id: en-美化-ja-noun-vK61IDv3

Verb [Japanese]

Forms: 美化する [canonical] (ruby: (), ()), bika suru [romanization], 美化し [stem] (ruby: (), ()), 美化した [past] (ruby: (), ()), no-table-tags [table-tags], 美化し [error-unrecognized-form], びかし [error-unrecognized-form], bika shi [error-unrecognized-form], 美化する [error-unrecognized-form], びかする [error-unrecognized-form], bika suru [error-unrecognized-form], 美化すれ [error-unrecognized-form], びかすれ [error-unrecognized-form], bika sure [error-unrecognized-form], 美化せよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 美化しろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], びかせよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], びかしろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], bika seyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], bika shiro [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 美化される [passive], びかされる [passive], bika sareru [passive], 美化させる [causative], 美化さす [causative], びかさせる [causative], びかさす [causative], bika saseru [causative], bika sasu [causative], 美化できる [potential], びかできる [potential], bika dekiru [potential], 美化しよう [volitional], びかしよう [volitional], bika shiyō [volitional], 美化しない [negative], びかしない [negative], bika shinai [negative], 美化せず [continuative, negative], びかせず [continuative, negative], bika sezu [continuative, negative], 美化します [formal], びかします [formal], bika shimasu [formal], 美化した [perfective], びかした [perfective], bika shita [perfective], 美化して [conjunctive], びかして [conjunctive], bika shite [conjunctive], 美化すれば [conditional, hypothetical], びかすれば [conditional, hypothetical], bika sureba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. beautify
    Sense id: en-美化-ja-verb-E267x5Xp Categories (other): Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 7 19 44 30
  2. glorify; baselessly speak well of
    Sense id: en-美化-ja-verb-n9lj5fcI

Noun [Korean]

Forms: mihwa [romanization], 미화 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hangeul=미화}} 美化 • (mihwa) (hangeul 미화)
  1. Hanja form of 미화 (“beautification; glorification”). Tags: alt-of, hanja Alternative form of: 미화 (extra: beautification; glorification)

Download JSON data for 美化 meaning in All languages combined (10.9kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "chǒuhuà",
      "word": "醜化"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chǒuhuà",
      "word": "丑化"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "美化",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to beautify one's homeland",
          "roman": "měihuà jiāyuán",
          "text": "美化家園/美化家园",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to beautify the city",
          "roman": "měihuà shìróng",
          "text": "美化市容",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to beautify; to embellish"
      ],
      "id": "en-美化-zh-verb-y5u1CuUa",
      "links": [
        [
          "beautify",
          "beautify"
        ],
        [
          "embellish",
          "embellish"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to glamorize a war of aggression",
          "roman": "měihuà qīnlüèzhànzhēng",
          "text": "美化侵略戰爭/美化侵略战争",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to glamorize; to describe or represent as good (something bad)"
      ],
      "id": "en-美化-zh-verb-SlODmI2i",
      "links": [
        [
          "glamorize",
          "glamorize"
        ],
        [
          "describe",
          "describe"
        ],
        [
          "represent",
          "represent"
        ],
        [
          "good",
          "good"
        ],
        [
          "bad",
          "bad"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "měihuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄟˇ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mei⁵ faa³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bí-hòa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "měihuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "měihuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mei³-hua⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "měi-hwà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "meeihuah"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "мэйхуа"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mɛjxua"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méih fa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mei⁵ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méi⁵ fa³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mei̯¹³ faː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bí-hòa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bí-huà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "by'hoax"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hua⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mei̯¹³ faː³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hua⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "美化"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "slander",
      "roman": "chūshō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中傷",
          "ちゅうしょう"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"glorification\"",
      "word": "中傷"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "美化",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "び"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "びか"
      },
      "expansion": "美(び)化(か) • (bika)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 10 15 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 8 11 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 8 10 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "60 8 10 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beautification"
      ],
      "id": "en-美化-ja-noun-7VHi1Gxy",
      "links": [
        [
          "beautification",
          "beautification"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "glorification; baseless speaking well of"
      ],
      "id": "en-美化-ja-noun-vK61IDv3",
      "links": [
        [
          "glorification",
          "glorification"
        ],
        [
          "baseless",
          "baseless"
        ],
        [
          "speaking",
          "speaking"
        ],
        [
          "well",
          "well"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "美化"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "slander; baselessly speak ill of",
      "roman": "chūshō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中傷",
          "ちゅうしょう"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"glorify\"",
      "word": "中傷"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "美化する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "び"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化し",
      "roman": "bika shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "び"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化した",
      "roman": "bika shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "び"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 19 44 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "beautify"
      ],
      "id": "en-美化-ja-verb-E267x5Xp",
      "links": [
        [
          "beautify",
          "beautify"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "glorify; baselessly speak well of"
      ],
      "id": "en-美化-ja-verb-n9lj5fcI",
      "links": [
        [
          "glorify",
          "glorify"
        ],
        [
          "baselessly",
          "baselessly"
        ],
        [
          "speak well of",
          "speak well of"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "美化"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mihwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "미화",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "미화"
      },
      "expansion": "美化 • (mihwa) (hangeul 미화)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "beautification; glorification",
          "word": "미화"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 미화 (“beautification; glorification”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-美化-ko-noun-yVkz~rMc",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "미화",
          "미화#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "beautification",
          "beautification"
        ],
        [
          "glorification",
          "glorification"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "美化"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "chǒuhuà",
      "word": "醜化"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chǒuhuà",
      "word": "丑化"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "美化",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to beautify one's homeland",
          "roman": "měihuà jiāyuán",
          "text": "美化家園/美化家园",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to beautify the city",
          "roman": "měihuà shìróng",
          "text": "美化市容",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to beautify; to embellish"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beautify",
          "beautify"
        ],
        [
          "embellish",
          "embellish"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to glamorize a war of aggression",
          "roman": "měihuà qīnlüèzhànzhēng",
          "text": "美化侵略戰爭/美化侵略战争",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to glamorize; to describe or represent as good (something bad)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "glamorize",
          "glamorize"
        ],
        [
          "describe",
          "describe"
        ],
        [
          "represent",
          "represent"
        ],
        [
          "good",
          "good"
        ],
        [
          "bad",
          "bad"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "měihuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄇㄟˇ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mei⁵ faa³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "bí-hòa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "měihuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "měihuà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mei³-hua⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "měi-hwà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "meeihuah"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "мэйхуа"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mɛjxua"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méih fa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "mei⁵ faa³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "méi⁵ fa³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mei̯¹³ faː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bí-hòa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bí-huà"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "by'hoax"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hua⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mei̯¹³ faː³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hua⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "美化"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "slander",
      "roman": "chūshō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中傷",
          "ちゅうしょう"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"glorification\"",
      "word": "中傷"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "美化",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "び"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "びか"
      },
      "expansion": "美(び)化(か) • (bika)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "beautification"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beautification",
          "beautification"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "glorification; baseless speaking well of"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "glorification",
          "glorification"
        ],
        [
          "baseless",
          "baseless"
        ],
        [
          "speaking",
          "speaking"
        ],
        [
          "well",
          "well"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "美化"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "slander; baselessly speak ill of",
      "roman": "chūshō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "中傷",
          "ちゅうしょう"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"glorify\"",
      "word": "中傷"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese suru verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "美化する",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "び"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika suru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化し",
      "roman": "bika shi",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "び"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化した",
      "roman": "bika shita",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "美",
          "び"
        ],
        [
          "化",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化し",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかし",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化する",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかする",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika suru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化すれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかすれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika sure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化せよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化しろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかせよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかしろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika seyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shiro",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika sareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化させる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化さす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika saseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika sasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化できる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかできる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika dekiru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化しよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかしよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shiyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化しない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかしない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shinai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化せず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかせず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika sezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化します",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかします",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化した",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかした",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化して",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかして",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika shite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "美化すれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "びかすれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bika sureba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "beautify"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beautify",
          "beautify"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "glorify; baselessly speak well of"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "glorify",
          "glorify"
        ],
        [
          "baselessly",
          "baselessly"
        ],
        [
          "speak well of",
          "speak well of"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "美化"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mihwa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "미화",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "미화"
      },
      "expansion": "美化 • (mihwa) (hangeul 미화)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "beautification; glorification",
          "word": "미화"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hanja form of 미화 (“beautification; glorification”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "미화",
          "미화#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "beautification",
          "beautification"
        ],
        [
          "glorification",
          "glorification"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "美化"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.