See 母音 on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "-",
"nocap": "1",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "obor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "母%音",
"2": "ぼ%おん",
"gloss": "vowel"
},
"expansion": "母(ぼ)音(おん) (bōn, “vowel”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Wasei kango"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "cat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "母%音",
"2": "ぼ%おん",
"3": "vowel"
},
"expansion": "Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 母(ぼ)音(おん) (bōn, “vowel”)",
"name": "wasei kango"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 母(ぼ)音(おん) (bōn, “vowel”)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "母音",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms borrowed back into Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wasei kango",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Phonetics",
"orig": "zh:Phonetics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bànmǔyīn",
"word": "半母音"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vowel"
],
"id": "en-母音-zh-noun-WZgQacVq",
"links": [
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "yuányīn",
"word": "元音"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄨˇ ㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mou⁵ jam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "mu³-yin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔ-yīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "muuin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "муинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "muinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "móuh yām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mou⁵ jam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "mou⁵ yem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/mou̯¹³ jɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mou̯¹³ jɐm⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "母音"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "consonant",
"word": "子音"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "母音",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 母音 (mǔyīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 母音 (mǔyīn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "모음",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 모음 (mo'eum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 모음 (mo'eum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mẫu âm",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: mẫu âm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: mẫu âm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "母-",
"3": "-音",
"sort": "ほいん'",
"t1": "mother",
"t2": "sound"
},
"expansion": "母 (“mother”) + 音 (“sound”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "母 (“mother”) + 音 (“sound”). From the notion of a mothering vowel mating with a fathering consonant and giving birth to an onsetted mora, according to Meiji-era linguists, as in father /k/ + mother あ (/a/) = child か (/ka/). Compare 字母 (jibo, “letter”, literally “character mother”), 声母 (seibo, “onset”, literally “sound mother”) and 韻母 (inbo, “rhyme”, literally “rime mother”), all of which compare the process of generating words, syllables, etc. from a basic set of segments to motherhood.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "母音",
"ruby": [
[
"母",
"ぼ"
],
[
"音",
"いん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "母音",
"ruby": [
[
"母",
"ぼ"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ぼいん",
"2": "ぼ.おん"
},
"expansion": "母(ぼ)音(いん) or 母(ぼ)音(おん) • (boin or boon)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "ja:Phonology",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms prefixed with 母",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 音",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Links likely containing transcriptions in pos",
"orig": "links likely containing transcriptions in pos",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Holonym: 子音 (shion)"
},
{
"text": "Coordinate term: 父音 (fuon)"
},
{
"english": "Among the fifty sounds, the five sounds of the a-row are called ‘mother sounds’. They are simple sounds, and however long they are pronounced, as in (a……a) or (i……i), their quality does not change.",
"ref": "1893 March, 宗司 大宮, “第二章 母音 父音 子音 [Chapter 2: Mother Sounds, Father Sounds and Child Sounds]”, in 日本辭林 [A Japanese Dictionary], Tokyo: Hakubunkan, pages 5–6:",
"roman": "Gojūon no naka, agyō no goon o boon to iu. Kowa, tanjun naru on ni shite, ika ni enchō shite hatsuon suru mo, (a……a), (i……i) no gotoku, sono onsei no henzuru koto naki mono nari.",
"text": "五十音の中、阿行の五音を母音といふ。こは、單純なる音にして、いかに延長して發音するも、（あ……ア）、（い……イ）の如く、その音聲の變ずることなきものなり。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Dividing the fifty sounds into two groups, there are mother sounds and child sounds. Mother sounds are simple guttural sounds, and there are five of them, namely a, i, u, e and o.",
"ref": "1897 March, “〇母音 [〇Mother Sounds]”, in 日本文典 [A Japanese Grammar], 中等學科敎授法硏究會:",
"roman": "Gojūon o wakachite, BOON to, SHION to no ni to nasu. Boon wa, tanjun naru kōon ni shite, sono kazu go ari, a i u e o kore nari.",
"text": "五十音を分ちて、母音と、子音との二となす。母音は、單純なる喉音にして、その數五あり、アイウエオ是なり。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "These five sounds are the simplest clear sounds, and they are called ‘mother sounds’.",
"ref": "1897 November, Shioi, Ukō, “第一 母音 [Number 1: Mother Sounds]”, in 中學日本文典 [A Middle-School Japanese Grammar], 六盟館, pages 2–3:",
"roman": "Kono goon wa, motto mo tan'itsu kiyomeru on ni te, kore o boon to shōsu.",
"text": "この五音は、最も單一なる淸める音にて、これを母音と稱す。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Vowels are the only guttural sounds among the sounds of our language. What are known as vowels are sounds that undergo systematic vibrations at the vocal folds, resonate in the vocal tract, and wind up being heard by our ears. A vowel resonates in the oral cavity in order to achieve its diverse tonal quality, but there must be no such thing as friction that can be heard or felt by us at certain places of articulation. Otherwise, it will not be a vowel, but a consonant. This distinction is of utmost importance. Later when we discuss the ya-row and wa-row, which sound very similar to vowels, this point must be noticed in order to explain the fact that they still contain consonants.",
"ref": "1902, Hirano, Hidekichi, “第十二章 母 音 [Chapter 12: Vowels]”, in 國語聲音學 [The Phonetics of the National Language], 國光社, pages 53–54:",
"roman": "Boon wa, waga kuni goon de wa, yuiitsu naru kōon de aru. Seimontai de kiritsu aru sendō o uke taru on ga, fukukanbu ni kyōmei serarete, gojin no mimi ni kikoyuru mono o boon to iu. Boon wa, shuju no onshoku o eru tame ni, kōkōnai ni kyōmei sareru ga, kesshite aru kyokubu ni oite, warera no kikierare, kanjierareru yō no masatsu o shōzuru ga gotoki koto wa nai. Moshi, atta nara ba, sore wa boon de wa nakute fuon de aru. Kono kubetsuhō wa, kiwamete jūdai oru yōken de aru. Ato no yagyō wagyō ga, sukoburu boon ni chikai on de aru kere do mo, fuon taru koto o manukarenai no wa kore ga tame de aru.",
"text": "母音は、吾國語音では、唯一なる喉音である。聲門帶で規律ある顫動を受けたる音が、副管部に共鳴せられて、吾人の耳に聞ゆるものを母音と云ふ。母音は、種々の音色を得るために、口腔內に共鳴されるが、決して或る局部に於て、吾等の聽き得られ、感じ得られる樣の摩擦を生ずるが如きことは無い。若し、有つたならば、其は母音では無くて父音である。此の區別法は、極めて重大おる要件である。後のヤ行ワ行が、頗る母音に近い音であるけれども、父音たることを免れないのは是が爲である。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The five letters a, i, u, e and o are called ‘mother sounds’",
"ref": "1905 June, 黃山 片岡, “母音 [Mother Sounds]”, in 黃山著作集, Saitama: Suharaya, page 14:",
"roman": "A, i, u, e, o no gomoji o, boon to iu,",
"text": "ア、イ、ウ、エ、オの五文字を、母音と云ふ、",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "‘Mother sounds’ are the five letters a, i, u, e and o. ‘Semi-mother sounds’ are the five letters wa, wi, u, we and wo.",
"ref": "1912, 淸 榊原, “⑵ 母音と半母音 [⑵ Mother Sounds and Semi-Mother Sounds]”, in 自習速記術 [Self-Taught Stenography], 以文館, pages 11–12:",
"roman": "Boon to iu mono wa a i u e o no goji, hanboon to iu mono wa wa wi u we wo no goji o iu no de arimasu.",
"text": "母(ぼ)音(おん)と云(い)ふものはアイウエオの五字(じ)、半(はん)母(ぼ)音(おん)と云(い)ふものはワヰウヱヲの五字(じ)を云(い)ふのであります。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one of the five morae of the あ行 (agyō, “a-row”), that consists solely of a vowel"
],
"id": "en-母音-ja-noun-8I14W6Ap",
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"mora",
"mora"
],
[
"あ行",
"あ行#Japanese"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, phonology) one of the five morae of the あ行 (agyō, “a-row”), that consists solely of a vowel"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Phonetics",
"orig": "ja:Phonetics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "ja:Phonology",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms prefixed with 母",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms suffixed with 音",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: 子音 (shiin)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a vowel"
],
"id": "en-母音-ja-noun-Xu6cXTjT",
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics, phonology) a vowel"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "母韻"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ぼいん"
},
{
"ipa": "[bo̞ĩɴ]"
},
{
"other": "ぼおん"
},
{
"ipa": "[bo̞õ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:母音"
],
"word": "母音"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "mo'eum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "모음",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "모음"
},
"expansion": "母音 • (mo'eum) (hangeul 모음)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "vowel",
"word": "모음"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 모음 (“vowel”)"
],
"id": "en-母音-ko-noun-yjbwvBhZ",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"모음",
"모음#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "母音"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "母音",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "母音",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of mẫu âm (“vowel”)."
],
"id": "en-母音-vi-noun-kzSnhP3j",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"mẫu âm",
"mẫu âm#Vietnamese"
]
]
}
],
"word": "母音"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bànmǔyīn",
"word": "半母音"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "-",
"nocap": "1",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "obor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "母%音",
"2": "ぼ%おん",
"gloss": "vowel"
},
"expansion": "母(ぼ)音(おん) (bōn, “vowel”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Wasei kango"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "cat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "母%音",
"2": "ぼ%おん",
"3": "vowel"
},
"expansion": "Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 母(ぼ)音(おん) (bōn, “vowel”)",
"name": "wasei kango"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 母(ぼ)音(おん) (bōn, “vowel”)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "母音",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese",
"Chinese terms borrowed back into Chinese",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese",
"Chinese terms derived from Japanese",
"Chinese terms spelled with 母",
"Chinese terms spelled with 音",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Wasei kango",
"zh:Phonetics"
],
"glosses": [
"vowel"
],
"links": [
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄨˇ ㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "mou⁵ jam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "mu³-yin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "mǔ-yīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "muuin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "муинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "muinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "móuh yām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mou⁵ jam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "mou⁵ yem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/mou̯¹³ jɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mou̯¹³ jɐm⁵⁵/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "yuányīn",
"word": "元音"
}
],
"word": "母音"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "consonant",
"word": "子音"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms prefixed with 母",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms suffixed with 音",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"links likely containing transcriptions in pos"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "母音",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 母音 (mǔyīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 母音 (mǔyīn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "모음",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 모음 (mo'eum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 모음 (mo'eum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mẫu âm",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: mẫu âm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: mẫu âm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "母-",
"3": "-音",
"sort": "ほいん'",
"t1": "mother",
"t2": "sound"
},
"expansion": "母 (“mother”) + 音 (“sound”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "母 (“mother”) + 音 (“sound”). From the notion of a mothering vowel mating with a fathering consonant and giving birth to an onsetted mora, according to Meiji-era linguists, as in father /k/ + mother あ (/a/) = child か (/ka/). Compare 字母 (jibo, “letter”, literally “character mother”), 声母 (seibo, “onset”, literally “sound mother”) and 韻母 (inbo, “rhyme”, literally “rime mother”), all of which compare the process of generating words, syllables, etc. from a basic set of segments to motherhood.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "母音",
"ruby": [
[
"母",
"ぼ"
],
[
"音",
"いん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "母音",
"ruby": [
[
"母",
"ぼ"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ぼいん",
"2": "ぼ.おん"
},
"expansion": "母(ぼ)音(いん) or 母(ぼ)音(おん) • (boin or boon)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"ja:Phonology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Holonym: 子音 (shion)"
},
{
"text": "Coordinate term: 父音 (fuon)"
},
{
"english": "Among the fifty sounds, the five sounds of the a-row are called ‘mother sounds’. They are simple sounds, and however long they are pronounced, as in (a……a) or (i……i), their quality does not change.",
"ref": "1893 March, 宗司 大宮, “第二章 母音 父音 子音 [Chapter 2: Mother Sounds, Father Sounds and Child Sounds]”, in 日本辭林 [A Japanese Dictionary], Tokyo: Hakubunkan, pages 5–6:",
"roman": "Gojūon no naka, agyō no goon o boon to iu. Kowa, tanjun naru on ni shite, ika ni enchō shite hatsuon suru mo, (a……a), (i……i) no gotoku, sono onsei no henzuru koto naki mono nari.",
"text": "五十音の中、阿行の五音を母音といふ。こは、單純なる音にして、いかに延長して發音するも、（あ……ア）、（い……イ）の如く、その音聲の變ずることなきものなり。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Dividing the fifty sounds into two groups, there are mother sounds and child sounds. Mother sounds are simple guttural sounds, and there are five of them, namely a, i, u, e and o.",
"ref": "1897 March, “〇母音 [〇Mother Sounds]”, in 日本文典 [A Japanese Grammar], 中等學科敎授法硏究會:",
"roman": "Gojūon o wakachite, BOON to, SHION to no ni to nasu. Boon wa, tanjun naru kōon ni shite, sono kazu go ari, a i u e o kore nari.",
"text": "五十音を分ちて、母音と、子音との二となす。母音は、單純なる喉音にして、その數五あり、アイウエオ是なり。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "These five sounds are the simplest clear sounds, and they are called ‘mother sounds’.",
"ref": "1897 November, Shioi, Ukō, “第一 母音 [Number 1: Mother Sounds]”, in 中學日本文典 [A Middle-School Japanese Grammar], 六盟館, pages 2–3:",
"roman": "Kono goon wa, motto mo tan'itsu kiyomeru on ni te, kore o boon to shōsu.",
"text": "この五音は、最も單一なる淸める音にて、これを母音と稱す。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Vowels are the only guttural sounds among the sounds of our language. What are known as vowels are sounds that undergo systematic vibrations at the vocal folds, resonate in the vocal tract, and wind up being heard by our ears. A vowel resonates in the oral cavity in order to achieve its diverse tonal quality, but there must be no such thing as friction that can be heard or felt by us at certain places of articulation. Otherwise, it will not be a vowel, but a consonant. This distinction is of utmost importance. Later when we discuss the ya-row and wa-row, which sound very similar to vowels, this point must be noticed in order to explain the fact that they still contain consonants.",
"ref": "1902, Hirano, Hidekichi, “第十二章 母 音 [Chapter 12: Vowels]”, in 國語聲音學 [The Phonetics of the National Language], 國光社, pages 53–54:",
"roman": "Boon wa, waga kuni goon de wa, yuiitsu naru kōon de aru. Seimontai de kiritsu aru sendō o uke taru on ga, fukukanbu ni kyōmei serarete, gojin no mimi ni kikoyuru mono o boon to iu. Boon wa, shuju no onshoku o eru tame ni, kōkōnai ni kyōmei sareru ga, kesshite aru kyokubu ni oite, warera no kikierare, kanjierareru yō no masatsu o shōzuru ga gotoki koto wa nai. Moshi, atta nara ba, sore wa boon de wa nakute fuon de aru. Kono kubetsuhō wa, kiwamete jūdai oru yōken de aru. Ato no yagyō wagyō ga, sukoburu boon ni chikai on de aru kere do mo, fuon taru koto o manukarenai no wa kore ga tame de aru.",
"text": "母音は、吾國語音では、唯一なる喉音である。聲門帶で規律ある顫動を受けたる音が、副管部に共鳴せられて、吾人の耳に聞ゆるものを母音と云ふ。母音は、種々の音色を得るために、口腔內に共鳴されるが、決して或る局部に於て、吾等の聽き得られ、感じ得られる樣の摩擦を生ずるが如きことは無い。若し、有つたならば、其は母音では無くて父音である。此の區別法は、極めて重大おる要件である。後のヤ行ワ行が、頗る母音に近い音であるけれども、父音たることを免れないのは是が爲である。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The five letters a, i, u, e and o are called ‘mother sounds’",
"ref": "1905 June, 黃山 片岡, “母音 [Mother Sounds]”, in 黃山著作集, Saitama: Suharaya, page 14:",
"roman": "A, i, u, e, o no gomoji o, boon to iu,",
"text": "ア、イ、ウ、エ、オの五文字を、母音と云ふ、",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "‘Mother sounds’ are the five letters a, i, u, e and o. ‘Semi-mother sounds’ are the five letters wa, wi, u, we and wo.",
"ref": "1912, 淸 榊原, “⑵ 母音と半母音 [⑵ Mother Sounds and Semi-Mother Sounds]”, in 自習速記術 [Self-Taught Stenography], 以文館, pages 11–12:",
"roman": "Boon to iu mono wa a i u e o no goji, hanboon to iu mono wa wa wi u we wo no goji o iu no de arimasu.",
"text": "母(ぼ)音(おん)と云(い)ふものはアイウエオの五字(じ)、半(はん)母(ぼ)音(おん)と云(い)ふものはワヰウヱヲの五字(じ)を云(い)ふのであります。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one of the five morae of the あ行 (agyō, “a-row”), that consists solely of a vowel"
],
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"mora",
"mora"
],
[
"あ行",
"あ行#Japanese"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, phonology) one of the five morae of the あ行 (agyō, “a-row”), that consists solely of a vowel"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Phonetics",
"ja:Phonology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: 子音 (shiin)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a vowel"
],
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics, phonology) a vowel"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "母韻"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ぼいん"
},
{
"ipa": "[bo̞ĩɴ]"
},
{
"other": "ぼおん"
},
{
"ipa": "[bo̞õ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:母音"
],
"word": "母音"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "mo'eum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "모음",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "모음"
},
"expansion": "母音 • (mo'eum) (hangeul 모음)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "vowel",
"word": "모음"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 모음 (“vowel”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"모음",
"모음#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "母音"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "母音",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "母音",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of mẫu âm (“vowel”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"mẫu âm",
"mẫu âm#Vietnamese"
]
]
}
],
"word": "母音"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 母音 meaning in All languages combined (12.8kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"母音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "母音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"母音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "母音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"母音"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "母音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"母音"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "母音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: boin or boon",
"path": [
"母音"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "母音",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.