See 子音 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 子音 meaning in All languages combined (14.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "子音",
"tr": "shiin"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 子音 (shiin)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Japanese 子音 (shiin)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "子音",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Phonetics",
"orig": "zh:Phonetics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "40 29 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Links likely containing transcriptions in pos",
"orig": "links likely containing transcriptions in pos",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"consonant"
],
"id": "en-子音-zh-noun-sFqFsyzM",
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) consonant"
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "mǔyīn",
"word": "母音"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "fǔyīn",
"word": "輔音／辅音"
},
{
"roman": "fǔyīn",
"word": "輔音"
},
{
"roman": "fǔyīn",
"word": "辅音"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zǐyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˇ ㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыйин"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi² jam¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chú-im"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chír-im"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵tsy-in"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zǐyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˇ ㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zǐhyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ³-yin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dž-yīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czyinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ iŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jí yām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi² jam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ji² yem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː³⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chú-im"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsú-im"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zwym"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ im⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ im⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chír-im"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsír-im"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ im³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵tsy-in"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tsy^去 in"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²tsr-in"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/t͡sz̩³³ in⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ iŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː³⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ im⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ im⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ im³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩³³ in⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "子音"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "vowel",
"word": "母音"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "子音",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 子音 (zǐyīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 子音 (zǐyīn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "자음",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 자음 (ja'eum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 자음 (ja'eum)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "子",
"3": "音",
"t1": "child",
"t2": "sound"
},
"expansion": "子 (“child”) + 音 (“sound”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "あ",
"pos": "/a/"
},
"expansion": "あ (/a/)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "か",
"pos": "/ka/"
},
"expansion": "か (/ka/)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "子 (“child”) + 音 (“sound”). From the notion of a mothering vowel mating with a fathering consonant and giving birth to an onsetted mora, according to Meiji-era linguists, as in father /k/ + mother あ (/a/) = child か (/ka/).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "子音",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"し"
],
[
"音",
"いん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "子音",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"し"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shiin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "shion",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "し.いん",
"2": "しおん"
},
"expansion": "子(し)音(いん) or 子(し)音(おん) • (shiin or shion)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
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},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "ja:Phonology",
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"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronyms: 父音 (fuon), 母音 (boon)"
},
{
"english": "Excluding the five mother sounds from the fifty sounds, the forty-five remaining sounds are called ‘child sounds’. Since they result from combining father and mother sounds, their quality is not simple. Thus, if the voicing is prolonged, as in (ka……a) or (ki……i), the rhymes always turn back into mother sounds. Now, I shall demonstrate the order in which father sounds and mother sounds combine and bear child sounds.",
"ref": "1893 March, 宗司 大宮, “第二章 母音 父音 子音 [Chapter 2: Mother Sounds, Father Sounds and Child Sounds]”, in 日本辭林 [A Japanese Dictionary], Tokyo: Hakubunkan, page 6",
"text": "子音とは、五十音の中より、五個の母音を除きたる、他の四十五音をいふ。こは、父母兩音の配合して成れるものなれば、その音聲單純ならず。故に、（か……ア）、（き……イ）の如く、聲を長く延くときは、その韻必ず母音に歸するなり。今、こゝに父音と母音と配合して、子音を生ずる順序を示さむ。\nShion to wa, gojūon no naka yori, goko no boon o nozoki taru, hoka no shijūgoon o iu. Kowa, fubo ryōon no haigō shite nareru mono nare ba, sono onsei tanjun narazu. Yue ni, (ka……a), (ki……i) no gotoku, koe o nagaku hiku toki wa, sono in kanarazu boon ni kisuru nari. Ima, koko ni fuon to boon to haigō shite, shion o shōzuru junjo o shimesamu.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Among the fifty sounds, the forty-five ones other than the mother sounds are called child sounds. Child sounds are born by mother sounds combined with a sort of subtle sound, and their quality is not pure. That is, if you prolong them, they should turn back into mother sounds, as in, for example ka—a or ki—i.",
"ref": "1897 March, “〇子音 [〇Child Sounds]”, in 日本文典 [A Japanese Grammar], 中等學科敎授法硏究會",
"text": "五十音中、母音外の四十五音を、子音といふ。子音は、母音と、他の一種幽微なる音との、配合して生じたるものにして、その音純ならず。故に、之を長く引きて呼べば、皆、母音にかへらむ。卽ち、カ—ア、キ—イの如し。\nGojūonchū, boongai no shijūgoon o, SHION to iu. Shion wa, boon to, hoka no isshu yūbi naru on to no, haigō shite shōji taru mono ni shite, sono on jun narazu. Yue ni, kore o nagaku hikite yobe ba, mina, boon ni kaeramu. Sunawachi, ka—a, ki—i no gotoshi.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Thus, the forty-five sounds are called ‘child sounds’, and the nine sounds such as ku, su, tsu, nu, fu, mu, yu, ru and wu are called ‘father sounds’. The father sounds are highly obscure, and even though they can be clearly uttered, they can only be approximated by these nine phonetic characters that sound close to them.",
"ref": "1897 November, Shioi, Ukō, “第二 子音 [Number 2: Child Sounds]”, in 中學日本文典 [A Middle-School Japanese Grammar], 六盟館, page 3",
"roman": "Yue ni, kono shijūgoon o, shion to shōshi, sono ku su tsu nu fu mu yu ru wu no gotoki kuon o, fuon to shōsu. Kono fuon wa, kiwamete inbi naru mono ni te, saya ni koe ni hassuru nō wa zaredo, yaya, korera ni ni taru ni, kono kuko no on no moji ni te, kore o shimeseru nari.",
"text": "故に、此の四十五音を、子音と稱し、其のクスツヌフムユル𛄢の如き九音を、父音と稱す。此の父音は、極めて隱微なるものにて、明に聲に發する能はざれど、やゝ、これ等に似たる故に、此の九個の音の文字にて、これを示せるなり。",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "‘Child sounds’ are born by combining father sounds and mother sounds, as shown on the left page",
"ref": "1905 June, 黃山 片岡, “子音 [Child Sounds]”, in 黃山著作集, Saitama: Suharaya, page 14",
"roman": "Shion wa, fuon to boon to aiai site, shōzuru nari, hidari no gotoshi",
"text": "子音は、父音と母音と相合して、生するなり、左の如し",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "‘Child sounds’ are letters such as ki, ku, ke and ko of the ka-row or shi, su, se and so of the sa-row. Child sounds are said to be born by father sounds and mother sounds, which I have already explained, so I assume the demonstration on the left chart should be easily understood. Note that the mother sound a is left out of the chart.",
"ref": "1912, 淸 榊原, “⑷ 子音 [⑷ Child Sounds]”, in 自習速記術 [Self-Taught Stenography], 以文館, pages 15–16",
"roman": "Shion to iu mono fa kagyō no ki ku ke ko, sagyō no shi su se so no yō na mono de arimasu. Shion ga fuon to boon to no tame ni umareru to iu koto wa sude ni toite oita tōri de arimasu ga, sa no hō ni yotte akiraka ni naru de arau to omoimasu. Tadashi hō wa boon no a dake wa habukimasu.",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"し"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
],
[
"云",
"い"
],
[
"行",
"ぎやう"
],
[
"行",
"ぎやう"
],
[
"子",
"し"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
],
[
"父",
"ふ"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
],
[
"母",
"ぼ"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
],
[
"爲",
"た"
],
[
"生",
"う"
],
[
"云",
"い"
],
[
"事",
"こと"
],
[
"既",
"すで"
],
[
"說",
"と"
],
[
"置",
"お"
],
[
"通",
"とほ"
],
[
"左",
"さ"
],
[
"表",
"へう"
],
[
"依",
"よ"
],
[
"明",
"あきら"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
],
[
"但",
"ただ"
],
[
"表",
"へう"
],
[
"母",
"ぼ"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
],
[
"省",
"はぶ"
]
],
"text": "子音と云ふものはカ行のキクケコ、サ行のシスセソのやうなものであります。子音が父音と母音との爲めに生まれると云ふ事は既に說いて置いた通りでありますが、左の表に依つて明かになるであらうと思ひます。但し表は母音のアだけは省きます。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any of the morae with an onset consonant listed on the 五十音図 (gojūonzu, literally “chart of the fifty sounds”), such as か (ka) or し (shi), but not あ (a) or い (i), and not が (ga), じ (ji) or ぱ (pa)"
],
"id": "en-子音-ja-noun-DtSAThdO",
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
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[
"mora",
"mora"
],
[
"onset",
"onset"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
],
[
"五十音図",
"五十音図#Japanese"
],
[
"か",
"か#Japanese"
],
[
"し",
"し#Japanese"
],
[
"あ",
"あ#Japanese"
],
[
"い",
"い#Japanese"
],
[
"が",
"が#Japanese"
],
[
"じ",
"じ#Japanese"
],
[
"ぱ",
"ぱ#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, phonology) any of the morae with an onset consonant listed on the 五十音図 (gojūonzu, literally “chart of the fifty sounds”), such as か (ka) or し (shi), but not あ (a) or い (i), and not が (ga), じ (ji) or ぱ (pa)"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Phonetics",
"orig": "ja:Phonetics",
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"Social sciences",
"Communication",
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"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "ja:Phonology",
"parents": [
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"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: 母音 (boin)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a consonant"
],
"id": "en-子音-ja-noun-v0vs6jvk",
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics, phonology) a consonant"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "父音"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しいん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕiĩɴ]"
},
{
"other": "しおん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕiõ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:子音"
],
"word": "子音"
}
{
"categories": [
"links likely containing transcriptions in pos"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "ja",
"3": "子音",
"tr": "shiin"
},
"expansion": "Japanese 子音 (shiin)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Japanese 子音 (shiin)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "子音",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "mǔyīn",
"word": "母音"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese",
"Chinese terms derived from Japanese",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dungan lemmas",
"Dungan nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Wu lemmas",
"Wu nouns",
"zh:Phonetics"
],
"glosses": [
"consonant"
],
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) consonant"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "zǐyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˇ ㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "зыйин"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "zɨyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "II-I"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi² jam¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chú-im"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chír-im"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵tsy-in"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zǐyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˇ ㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zǐhyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ³-yin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dž-yīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czyinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ iŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Dungan",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jí yām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi² jam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ji² yem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː³⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chú-im"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsú-im"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zwym"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ im⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ im⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chír-im"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsír-im"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ im³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵tsy-in"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "tsy^去 in"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²tsr-in"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/t͡sz̩³³ in⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹ iŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː³⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ im⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ im⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ im³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩³³ in⁴⁴/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "fǔyīn",
"word": "輔音／辅音"
},
{
"roman": "fǔyīn",
"word": "輔音"
},
{
"roman": "fǔyīn",
"word": "辅音"
}
],
"word": "子音"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "vowel",
"word": "母音"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"links likely containing transcriptions in pos"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "子音",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 子音 (zǐyīn)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 子音 (zǐyīn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "자음",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 자음 (ja'eum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 자음 (ja'eum)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "子",
"3": "音",
"t1": "child",
"t2": "sound"
},
"expansion": "子 (“child”) + 音 (“sound”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "あ",
"pos": "/a/"
},
"expansion": "あ (/a/)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "か",
"pos": "/ka/"
},
"expansion": "か (/ka/)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "子 (“child”) + 音 (“sound”). From the notion of a mothering vowel mating with a fathering consonant and giving birth to an onsetted mora, according to Meiji-era linguists, as in father /k/ + mother あ (/a/) = child か (/ka/).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "子音",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"し"
],
[
"音",
"いん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "子音",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"し"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shiin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "shion",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "し.いん",
"2": "しおん"
},
"expansion": "子(し)音(いん) or 子(し)音(おん) • (shiin or shion)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"ja:Phonology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Meronyms: 父音 (fuon), 母音 (boon)"
},
{
"english": "Excluding the five mother sounds from the fifty sounds, the forty-five remaining sounds are called ‘child sounds’. Since they result from combining father and mother sounds, their quality is not simple. Thus, if the voicing is prolonged, as in (ka……a) or (ki……i), the rhymes always turn back into mother sounds. Now, I shall demonstrate the order in which father sounds and mother sounds combine and bear child sounds.",
"ref": "1893 March, 宗司 大宮, “第二章 母音 父音 子音 [Chapter 2: Mother Sounds, Father Sounds and Child Sounds]”, in 日本辭林 [A Japanese Dictionary], Tokyo: Hakubunkan, page 6",
"text": "子音とは、五十音の中より、五個の母音を除きたる、他の四十五音をいふ。こは、父母兩音の配合して成れるものなれば、その音聲單純ならず。故に、（か……ア）、（き……イ）の如く、聲を長く延くときは、その韻必ず母音に歸するなり。今、こゝに父音と母音と配合して、子音を生ずる順序を示さむ。\nShion to wa, gojūon no naka yori, goko no boon o nozoki taru, hoka no shijūgoon o iu. Kowa, fubo ryōon no haigō shite nareru mono nare ba, sono onsei tanjun narazu. Yue ni, (ka……a), (ki……i) no gotoku, koe o nagaku hiku toki wa, sono in kanarazu boon ni kisuru nari. Ima, koko ni fuon to boon to haigō shite, shion o shōzuru junjo o shimesamu.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Among the fifty sounds, the forty-five ones other than the mother sounds are called child sounds. Child sounds are born by mother sounds combined with a sort of subtle sound, and their quality is not pure. That is, if you prolong them, they should turn back into mother sounds, as in, for example ka—a or ki—i.",
"ref": "1897 March, “〇子音 [〇Child Sounds]”, in 日本文典 [A Japanese Grammar], 中等學科敎授法硏究會",
"text": "五十音中、母音外の四十五音を、子音といふ。子音は、母音と、他の一種幽微なる音との、配合して生じたるものにして、その音純ならず。故に、之を長く引きて呼べば、皆、母音にかへらむ。卽ち、カ—ア、キ—イの如し。\nGojūonchū, boongai no shijūgoon o, SHION to iu. Shion wa, boon to, hoka no isshu yūbi naru on to no, haigō shite shōji taru mono ni shite, sono on jun narazu. Yue ni, kore o nagaku hikite yobe ba, mina, boon ni kaeramu. Sunawachi, ka—a, ki—i no gotoshi.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Thus, the forty-five sounds are called ‘child sounds’, and the nine sounds such as ku, su, tsu, nu, fu, mu, yu, ru and wu are called ‘father sounds’. The father sounds are highly obscure, and even though they can be clearly uttered, they can only be approximated by these nine phonetic characters that sound close to them.",
"ref": "1897 November, Shioi, Ukō, “第二 子音 [Number 2: Child Sounds]”, in 中學日本文典 [A Middle-School Japanese Grammar], 六盟館, page 3",
"roman": "Yue ni, kono shijūgoon o, shion to shōshi, sono ku su tsu nu fu mu yu ru wu no gotoki kuon o, fuon to shōsu. Kono fuon wa, kiwamete inbi naru mono ni te, saya ni koe ni hassuru nō wa zaredo, yaya, korera ni ni taru ni, kono kuko no on no moji ni te, kore o shimeseru nari.",
"text": "故に、此の四十五音を、子音と稱し、其のクスツヌフムユル𛄢の如き九音を、父音と稱す。此の父音は、極めて隱微なるものにて、明に聲に發する能はざれど、やゝ、これ等に似たる故に、此の九個の音の文字にて、これを示せるなり。",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "‘Child sounds’ are born by combining father sounds and mother sounds, as shown on the left page",
"ref": "1905 June, 黃山 片岡, “子音 [Child Sounds]”, in 黃山著作集, Saitama: Suharaya, page 14",
"roman": "Shion wa, fuon to boon to aiai site, shōzuru nari, hidari no gotoshi",
"text": "子音は、父音と母音と相合して、生するなり、左の如し",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "‘Child sounds’ are letters such as ki, ku, ke and ko of the ka-row or shi, su, se and so of the sa-row. Child sounds are said to be born by father sounds and mother sounds, which I have already explained, so I assume the demonstration on the left chart should be easily understood. Note that the mother sound a is left out of the chart.",
"ref": "1912, 淸 榊原, “⑷ 子音 [⑷ Child Sounds]”, in 自習速記術 [Self-Taught Stenography], 以文館, pages 15–16",
"roman": "Shion to iu mono fa kagyō no ki ku ke ko, sagyō no shi su se so no yō na mono de arimasu. Shion ga fuon to boon to no tame ni umareru to iu koto wa sude ni toite oita tōri de arimasu ga, sa no hō ni yotte akiraka ni naru de arau to omoimasu. Tadashi hō wa boon no a dake wa habukimasu.",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"し"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
],
[
"云",
"い"
],
[
"行",
"ぎやう"
],
[
"行",
"ぎやう"
],
[
"子",
"し"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
],
[
"父",
"ふ"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
],
[
"母",
"ぼ"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
],
[
"爲",
"た"
],
[
"生",
"う"
],
[
"云",
"い"
],
[
"事",
"こと"
],
[
"既",
"すで"
],
[
"說",
"と"
],
[
"置",
"お"
],
[
"通",
"とほ"
],
[
"左",
"さ"
],
[
"表",
"へう"
],
[
"依",
"よ"
],
[
"明",
"あきら"
],
[
"思",
"おも"
],
[
"但",
"ただ"
],
[
"表",
"へう"
],
[
"母",
"ぼ"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
],
[
"省",
"はぶ"
]
],
"text": "子音と云ふものはカ行のキクケコ、サ行のシスセソのやうなものであります。子音が父音と母音との爲めに生まれると云ふ事は既に說いて置いた通りでありますが、左の表に依つて明かになるであらうと思ひます。但し表は母音のアだけは省きます。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any of the morae with an onset consonant listed on the 五十音図 (gojūonzu, literally “chart of the fifty sounds”), such as か (ka) or し (shi), but not あ (a) or い (i), and not が (ga), じ (ji) or ぱ (pa)"
],
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"mora",
"mora"
],
[
"onset",
"onset"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
],
[
"五十音図",
"五十音図#Japanese"
],
[
"か",
"か#Japanese"
],
[
"し",
"し#Japanese"
],
[
"あ",
"あ#Japanese"
],
[
"い",
"い#Japanese"
],
[
"が",
"が#Japanese"
],
[
"じ",
"じ#Japanese"
],
[
"ぱ",
"ぱ#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, phonology) any of the morae with an onset consonant listed on the 五十音図 (gojūonzu, literally “chart of the fifty sounds”), such as か (ka) or し (shi), but not あ (a) or い (i), and not が (ga), じ (ji) or ぱ (pa)"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Phonetics",
"ja:Phonology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: 母音 (boin)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a consonant"
],
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"consonant",
"consonant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics, phonology) a consonant"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "父音"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しいん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕiĩɴ]"
},
{
"other": "しおん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕiõ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:子音"
],
"word": "子音"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"子音"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "子音",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.