See 堅信 on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "坚信",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "堅信",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to firmly believe; to be certain"
],
"id": "en-堅信-zh-verb-ST5-dp9U",
"links": [
[
"firmly",
"firmly"
],
[
"believe",
"believe"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "quèxìn",
"word": "確信／确信"
},
{
"roman": "quèxìn",
"word": "確信"
},
{
"roman": "quèxìn",
"word": "确信"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiānxìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ seon³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kian-sìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jiānxìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jiansìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "chien¹-hsin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jyān-syìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jianshinn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяньсинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czjanʹsinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕin⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gīn seun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ soen³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ sên³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ sɵn³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-sìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-sìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kiensixn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ sin¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² sin²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ sin²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ sin⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕin⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ sɵn³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ sin¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² sin²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ sin²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ sin⁴¹/"
}
],
"word": "堅信"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "堅信",
"ruby": [
[
"堅",
"けん"
],
[
"信",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kenshin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kensin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "けんしん",
"roman": "kensin",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "けんしん",
"hhira": "けんしん"
},
"expansion": "堅(けん)信(しん) • (kenshin) ^(←けんしん (kensin)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "ja:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kenshinrei",
"ruby": [
[
"堅",
"けん"
],
[
"信",
"しん"
],
[
"礼",
"れい"
]
],
"word": "堅信礼"
}
],
"glosses": [
"confirmation"
],
"id": "en-堅信-ja-noun-k83Mxm-M",
"links": [
[
"confirmation",
"confirmation"
]
],
"qualifier": "Christian rite of",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christian rite of) confirmation"
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:堅信"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "けんしん"
},
{
"ipa": "[kẽ̞ɰ̃ɕĩɴ]"
}
],
"word": "堅信"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gyeonsin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "견신",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "견신"
},
"expansion": "堅信 • (gyeonsin) (hangeul 견신)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "견신"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 견신"
],
"id": "en-堅信-ko-noun-i85oN4fT",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"견신",
"견신#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "堅信"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "坚信",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "堅信",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese verbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 信",
"Chinese terms spelled with 堅",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien verbs",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to firmly believe; to be certain"
],
"links": [
[
"firmly",
"firmly"
],
[
"believe",
"believe"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jiānxìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ seon³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kian-sìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jiānxìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jiansìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "chien¹-hsin⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jyān-syìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jianshinn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзяньсинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czjanʹsinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕin⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gīn seun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ soen³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gin¹ sên³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ sɵn³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-sìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kian-sìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kiensixn"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ sin¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² sin²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ sin²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ sin⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕin⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiːn⁵⁵ sɵn³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ sin¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² sin²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ sin²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kiɛn³³ sin⁴¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "quèxìn",
"word": "確信／确信"
},
{
"roman": "quèxìn",
"word": "確信"
},
{
"roman": "quèxìn",
"word": "确信"
}
],
"word": "堅信"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kenshinrei",
"ruby": [
[
"堅",
"けん"
],
[
"信",
"しん"
],
[
"礼",
"れい"
]
],
"word": "堅信礼"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "堅信",
"ruby": [
[
"堅",
"けん"
],
[
"信",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kenshin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kensin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "けんしん",
"roman": "kensin",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "けんしん",
"hhira": "けんしん"
},
"expansion": "堅(けん)信(しん) • (kenshin) ^(←けんしん (kensin)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"confirmation"
],
"links": [
[
"confirmation",
"confirmation"
]
],
"qualifier": "Christian rite of",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christian rite of) confirmation"
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:堅信"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "けんしん"
},
{
"ipa": "[kẽ̞ɰ̃ɕĩɴ]"
}
],
"word": "堅信"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gyeonsin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "견신",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "견신"
},
"expansion": "堅信 • (gyeonsin) (hangeul 견신)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "견신"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 견신"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"견신",
"견신#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "堅信"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 堅信 meaning in All languages combined (5.1kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"堅信"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "堅信",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"堅信"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "堅信",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"堅信"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "堅信",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"堅信"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "堅信",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-20 using wiktextract (ed078bd and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.