See 凌虐 on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "凌虐"
},
"expansion": "凌虐",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "凌%虐",
"2": "りょう%ぎゃく",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) (ryōgyaku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "능학(凌虐)",
"3": "릉학(凌虐)",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 능학(凌虐) (neunghak), 릉학(凌虐) (reunghak)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "凌虐",
"2": "りょう%ぎゃく",
"3": "능학",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "凌虐",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "릉학",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "凌虐",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "凌%虐",
"v": "凌虐",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (凌虐):\n* → Japanese: 凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) (ryōgyaku)\n* → Korean: 능학(凌虐) (neunghak), 릉학(凌虐) (reunghak)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "りょう%ぎゃく",
"3": "능학",
"j": "凌%虐",
"k2": "릉학"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (凌虐):\n* → Japanese: 凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) (ryōgyaku)\n* → Korean: 능학(凌虐) (neunghak), 릉학(凌虐) (reunghak)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (凌虐):\n* → Japanese: 凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) (ryōgyaku)\n* → Korean: 능학(凌虐) (neunghak), 릉학(凌虐) (reunghak)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "陵虐"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "凌虐",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to maltreat; to tyrannize over"
],
"id": "en-凌虐-zh-verb-pA8baZKx",
"links": [
[
"maltreat",
"maltreat"
],
[
"tyrannize",
"tyrannize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(formal) to maltreat; to tyrannize over"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Taiwanese-Hokkien"
],
"word": "凌勒"
},
{
"roman": "hap1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "恰"
},
{
"roman": "qīwǔ",
"word": "欺侮"
},
{
"roman": "qīlíng",
"word": "欺凌"
},
{
"roman": "qīyā",
"word": "欺壓"
},
{
"roman": "qīyā",
"word": "欺压"
},
{
"word": "欺負"
},
{
"word": "欺负"
},
{
"roman": "xiang1 qi1",
"tags": [
"Sichuanese"
],
"word": "相欺"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "蝦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "虾"
},
{
"roman": "bàlíng",
"word": "霸凌"
}
],
"tags": [
"formal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "língnüè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄋㄩㄝˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁴ joek⁶"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lêng-lio̍k"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lêng-gia̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "língnüè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "língnyuè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ling²-nüeh⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "líng-nywè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "lingniueh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "линнюэ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "linnjue"
},
{
"ipa": "/liŋ³⁵ ny̯ɛ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lìhng yeuhk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁴ joek⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁴ yêg⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪŋ²¹ jœːk̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lêng-lio̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lîng-lio̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lengliok"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɔk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɔk̚²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lêng-gia̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lîng-gia̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lenggiak"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² ɡiak̚¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liŋ³⁵ ny̯ɛ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪŋ²¹ jœːk̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɔk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɔk̚²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² ɡiak̚¹²¹/"
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "凌虐",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "りようぎやく",
"roman": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "りょうぎゃく",
"hhira": "りようぎやく"
},
"expansion": "凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) • (ryōgyaku) ^(←りようぎやく (ryougyaku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"humiliating and oppressing"
],
"id": "en-凌虐-ja-noun-UZhLhapl",
"links": [
[
"humiliating",
"humiliate"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "りょーぎゃく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾʲo̞ːɡʲa̠kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "凌虐する",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐し",
"roman": "ryōgyaku shi",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐した",
"roman": "ryōgyaku shita",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to humiliate and oppress"
],
"id": "en-凌虐-ja-verb-AMUyYGWM",
"links": [
[
"humiliate",
"humiliate"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "りょーぎゃく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾʲo̞ːɡʲa̠kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "neunghak",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "능학",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "능학"
},
"expansion": "凌虐 • (neunghak) (hangeul 능학)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "능학"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 능학"
],
"id": "en-凌虐-ko-noun-~FXoEweH",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"능학",
"능학#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "凌虐"
},
"expansion": "凌虐",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "凌%虐",
"2": "りょう%ぎゃく",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) (ryōgyaku)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "능학(凌虐)",
"3": "릉학(凌虐)",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 능학(凌虐) (neunghak), 릉학(凌虐) (reunghak)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "凌虐",
"2": "りょう%ぎゃく",
"3": "능학",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "凌虐",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "릉학",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "凌虐",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "凌%虐",
"v": "凌虐",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (凌虐):\n* → Japanese: 凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) (ryōgyaku)\n* → Korean: 능학(凌虐) (neunghak), 릉학(凌虐) (reunghak)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "りょう%ぎゃく",
"3": "능학",
"j": "凌%虐",
"k2": "릉학"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (凌虐):\n* → Japanese: 凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) (ryōgyaku)\n* → Korean: 능학(凌虐) (neunghak), 릉학(凌虐) (reunghak)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (凌虐):\n* → Japanese: 凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) (ryōgyaku)\n* → Korean: 능학(凌虐) (neunghak), 릉학(凌虐) (reunghak)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "陵虐"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "凌虐",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese verbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese formal terms",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 凌",
"Chinese terms spelled with 虐",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien verbs",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to maltreat; to tyrannize over"
],
"links": [
[
"maltreat",
"maltreat"
],
[
"tyrannize",
"tyrannize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(formal) to maltreat; to tyrannize over"
],
"tags": [
"formal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "língnüè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄋㄩㄝˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁴ joek⁶"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lêng-lio̍k"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lêng-gia̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "língnüè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "língnyuè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ling²-nüeh⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "líng-nywè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "lingniueh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "линнюэ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "linnjue"
},
{
"ipa": "/liŋ³⁵ ny̯ɛ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lìhng yeuhk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁴ joek⁹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ling⁴ yêg⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪŋ²¹ jœːk̚²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lêng-lio̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lîng-lio̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lengliok"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɔk̚⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɔk̚²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lêng-gia̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lîng-gia̍k"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lenggiak"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² ɡiak̚¹²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/liŋ³⁵ ny̯ɛ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɪŋ²¹ jœːk̚²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɔk̚⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ²⁴⁻²² liɔk̚²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/liɪŋ¹³⁻²² ɡiak̚¹²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Taiwanese-Hokkien"
],
"word": "凌勒"
},
{
"roman": "hap1",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "恰"
},
{
"roman": "qīwǔ",
"word": "欺侮"
},
{
"roman": "qīlíng",
"word": "欺凌"
},
{
"roman": "qīyā",
"word": "欺壓"
},
{
"roman": "qīyā",
"word": "欺压"
},
{
"word": "欺負"
},
{
"word": "欺负"
},
{
"roman": "xiang1 qi1",
"tags": [
"Sichuanese"
],
"word": "相欺"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "蝦"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "虾"
},
{
"roman": "bàlíng",
"word": "霸凌"
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "凌虐",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "りようぎやく",
"roman": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "りょうぎゃく",
"hhira": "りようぎやく"
},
"expansion": "凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) • (ryōgyaku) ^(←りようぎやく (ryougyaku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"humiliating and oppressing"
],
"links": [
[
"humiliating",
"humiliate"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "りょーぎゃく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾʲo̞ːɡʲa̠kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "凌虐する",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐し",
"roman": "ryōgyaku shi",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐した",
"roman": "ryōgyaku shita",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to humiliate and oppress"
],
"links": [
[
"humiliate",
"humiliate"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "りょーぎゃく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾʲo̞ːɡʲa̠kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "neunghak",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "능학",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "능학"
},
"expansion": "凌虐 • (neunghak) (hangeul 능학)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 3 entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "능학"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 능학"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"능학",
"능학#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 凌虐 meaning in All languages combined (12.5kB)
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"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E6%AC%BA%E4%BE%AE'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"path": [
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],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.