See 凌虐 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "凌虐",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "りようぎやく",
"roman": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "りょうぎゃく",
"hhira": "りようぎやく"
},
"expansion": "凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) • (ryōgyaku) ^(←りようぎやく (ryougyaku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"humiliating and oppressing"
],
"id": "en-凌虐-ja-noun-UZhLhapl",
"links": [
[
"humiliating",
"humiliate"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "りょーぎゃく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾʲo̞ːɡʲa̠kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "凌虐する",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐し",
"roman": "ryōgyaku shi",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐した",
"roman": "ryōgyaku shita",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to humiliate and oppress"
],
"id": "en-凌虐-ja-verb-AMUyYGWM",
"links": [
[
"humiliate",
"humiliate"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "りょーぎゃく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾʲo̞ːɡʲa̠kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "凌虐",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "りようぎやく",
"roman": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "りょうぎゃく",
"hhira": "りようぎやく"
},
"expansion": "凌(りょう)虐(ぎゃく) • (ryōgyaku) ^(←りようぎやく (ryougyaku)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"humiliating and oppressing"
],
"links": [
[
"humiliating",
"humiliate"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "りょーぎゃく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾʲo̞ːɡʲa̠kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "凌虐する",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ryougyaku",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐し",
"roman": "ryōgyaku shi",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐した",
"roman": "ryōgyaku shita",
"ruby": [
[
"凌",
"りょう"
],
[
"虐",
"ぎゃく"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "凌虐すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "りょうぎゃくすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ryōgyaku sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to humiliate and oppress"
],
"links": [
[
"humiliate",
"humiliate"
],
[
"oppress",
"oppress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "りょーぎゃく"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɾʲo̞ːɡʲa̠kɯ̟]"
}
],
"word": "凌虐"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 凌虐 meaning in Japanese (6.9kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"凌虐"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "凌虐",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.