"侈" meaning in All languages combined

See 侈 on Wiktionary

Character [Chinese]

IPA: /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sʰiː³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /t͡sʰi⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /t͡sʰi⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/, /t͡sʰiː³⁵/, /t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵⁴/, /t͡sʰi⁵³/, /t͡sʰi⁴¹/, /t͡sʰz̩³⁴/ Chinese transliterations: chǐ [Mandarin, Pinyin], chi³ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄔˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], ci² [Cantonese, Jyutping], chhír, chhí, ⁵tshy, chǐ [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], chǐh [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], chʻih³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], chř [Mandarin, Yale], chyy [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], чи [Mandarin, Palladius], či [Mandarin, Palladius], chí [Cantonese, Yale], tsi² [Cantonese, Pinyin], qi² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], chhír [Hokkien, POJ], tshír [Hokkien, Tai-lo], chhí [Hokkien, POJ], tshí [Hokkien, Tai-lo], chie [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], ⁵tshy [Wu], tshy^去 [Wu], ²tshr [Wu], /t͡sʰz̩³⁴/ [Wu], tsyheX [Middle-Chinese], /*t-l̥ajʔ/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*l̥ʰjalʔ/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g(r/l)aːj (“scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007). *Insides Chinese, cognate with 哆 (OC *ʔl'aːlʔ), 移 (OC *lal), 離 (OC *reːls, *rel, *rels) (STEDT); *Outsides Chinese, cognate with Burmese ကျယ် (kyai, “wide”), Mizo tai (“scatter, disperse”), Northern Qiang [script needed] (ʁdʐə, “star”) (Mawo), Southern Qiang [Term?] (χdʐe³³pe⁵⁵, “star”) (Taoping), etc. (ibid.). Etymology templates: {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*g(r/l)aːj||scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star}} Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g(r/l)aːj (“scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star”), {{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}} Schuessler, 2007, {{och-l|哆|id=1}} 哆 (OC *ʔl'aːlʔ), {{och-l|移}} 移 (OC *lal), {{och-l|離}} 離 (OC *reːls, *rel, *rels), {{cog|my|ကျယ်||wide}} Burmese ကျယ် (kyai, “wide”), {{cog|lus|tai||scatter, disperse}} Mizo tai (“scatter, disperse”), {{cog|cng|t=star|tr=ʁdʐə}} Northern Qiang [script needed] (ʁdʐə, “star”), {{cog|qxs|t=star|tr=χdʐe³³pe⁵⁵}} Southern Qiang [Term?] (χdʐe³³pe⁵⁵, “star”) Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 侈
  1. extravagant; wasteful; excessive; luxurious
    Sense id: en-侈-zh-character-Hfl7EO~z Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 88 12
  2. exaggerated; overstated
    Sense id: en-侈-zh-character-4SEliLLx
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1 Derived forms: 不侈, 侈侈, 侈口, 侈弇, 侈糜, 侈言 (chǐyán), 侈談 (chǐtán), 侈谈 (chǐtán), 侈論, 侈论, 侈離, 侈离, 侈靡, 奢侈 (shēchǐ), 奢侈品 (shēchǐpǐn), 汰侈, 浮侈, 窮奢極侈, 穷奢极侈, 豪侈, 踰侈, 逾侈, 饒侈, 饶侈

Character [Japanese]

  1. Tags: Hyōgai, kanji, no-gloss, uncommon

Character [Korean]

Forms: [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-hanja|치}} 侈 (eum 치 (chi))
  1. Tags: no-gloss

Character [Translingual]

  1. 侈 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人弓戈弓 (ONIN), four-corner 2722₇, composition ⿰亻多)

Character [Vietnamese]

Forms: xỉ [Hán-Nôm], ẩy [Hán-Nôm], xảy [Hán-Nôm], [Hán-Nôm], đứa [Hán-Nôm], xẩy [Hán-Nôm], xi [Hán-Nôm]
  1. Tags: no-gloss
    Sense id: en-侈-vi-character-47DEQpj8 Categories (other): Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for 侈 meaning in All languages combined (10.6kB)

{
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "侈 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人弓戈弓 (ONIN), four-corner 2722₇, composition ⿰亻多)"
      ],
      "id": "en-侈-mul-character-HnkT9JDE",
      "links": [
        [
          "Kangxi radical",
          "Kangxi radical"
        ],
        [
          "亻",
          "亻#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "多",
          "多#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "不侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "侈侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "侈口"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "侈弇"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "侈糜"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "chǐyán",
      "word": "侈言"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "chǐtán",
      "word": "侈談"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "chǐtán",
      "word": "侈谈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "侈論"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "侈论"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "侈離"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "侈离"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "侈靡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "shēchǐ",
      "word": "奢侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "shēchǐpǐn",
      "word": "奢侈品"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "汰侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "浮侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "窮奢極侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "穷奢极侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "豪侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "踰侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "逾侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "饒侈"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "饶侈"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "sit-pro",
        "3": "*g(r/l)aːj",
        "4": "",
        "5": "scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g(r/l)aːj (“scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler, 2007"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "哆",
        "id": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "哆 (OC *ʔl'aːlʔ)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "移"
      },
      "expansion": "移 (OC *lal)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "離"
      },
      "expansion": "離 (OC *reːls, *rel, *rels)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "my",
        "2": "ကျယ်",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wide"
      },
      "expansion": "Burmese ကျယ် (kyai, “wide”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lus",
        "2": "tai",
        "3": "",
        "4": "scatter, disperse"
      },
      "expansion": "Mizo tai (“scatter, disperse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cng",
        "t": "star",
        "tr": "ʁdʐə"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Qiang [script needed] (ʁdʐə, “star”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "qxs",
        "t": "star",
        "tr": "χdʐe³³pe⁵⁵"
      },
      "expansion": "Southern Qiang [Term?] (χdʐe³³pe⁵⁵, “star”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g(r/l)aːj (“scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).\n*Insides Chinese, cognate with 哆 (OC *ʔl'aːlʔ), 移 (OC *lal), 離 (OC *reːls, *rel, *rels) (STEDT);\n*Outsides Chinese, cognate with Burmese ကျယ် (kyai, “wide”), Mizo tai (“scatter, disperse”), Northern Qiang [script needed] (ʁdʐə, “star”) (Mawo), Southern Qiang [Term?] (χdʐe³³pe⁵⁵, “star”) (Taoping), etc. (ibid.).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "侈",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "88 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "In the twenty-fourth year, in spring, the square pillars were carved: in both cases, this was not in accordance with ritual propriety. Yusun remonstrated: “I have heard: ‘Frugality is the most revered of virtues; profligacy is the greatest of evils.’ Our former ruler had revered virtue, but you led him into this greatest of evils. How on earth could this not be totally wrong?”",
          "ref": "二十四年,春,刻其桷,皆非禮也。御孫諫曰:「臣聞之:『儉,德之共也;侈,惡之大也。』先君有共德,而君納諸大惡,無乃不可乎?」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "二十四年,春,刻其桷,皆非礼也。御孙谏曰:「臣闻之:『俭,德之共也;侈,恶之大也。』先君有共德,而君纳诸大恶,无乃不可乎?」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translation from Zuozhuan: Commentary on the \"Spring and Autumn Annals\" (2017), by Stephen Durrant, Wai-yee Li and David Schaberg\nÈrshísì nián, chūn, kè qí jué, jiē fēilǐ yě. Yùsūn jiàn yuē: “Chén wén zhī: ‘Jiǎn, dé zhī gòng yě; chǐ, è zhī dà yě.’ Xiānjūn yǒu gòngdé, ér jūn nà zhū dà'è, wú nǎi bùkě hū?” [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "To leave no example of extravagance to future generations; to show no wastefulness in the use of anything; to make no display in the degree of their (ceremonial) observances; to keep themselves (in their expenditure) under the restraint of strict and exact rule, so as to be prepared for occurring emergencies - such regulations formed part of the system of the Way in antiquity.",
          "ref": "不侈於後世,不靡於萬物,不暉於數度,以繩墨自矯,而備世之急,古之道術有在於是者。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "不侈于后世,不靡于万物,不晖于数度,以绳墨自矫,而备世之急,古之道术有在于是者。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Zhuangzi, circa 3ʳᵈ – 2ⁿᵈ centuries BCE\nBùchǐ yú hòushì, bùmǐ yú wànwù, bùhuī yú shùdù, yǐ shéngmò zìjiǎo, ér bèi shì zhī jí, gǔ zhī dàoshù yǒu zài yúshì zhě. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "extravagant; wasteful; excessive; luxurious"
      ],
      "id": "en-侈-zh-character-Hfl7EO~z",
      "links": [
        [
          "extravagant",
          "extravagant"
        ],
        [
          "wasteful",
          "wasteful"
        ],
        [
          "excessive",
          "excessive"
        ],
        [
          "luxurious",
          "luxurious"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "exaggerated; overstated"
      ],
      "id": "en-侈-zh-character-4SEliLLx",
      "links": [
        [
          "exaggerated",
          "exaggerated"
        ],
        [
          "overstated",
          "overstated"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄔˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ci²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chhír"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chhí"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁵tshy"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǐh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chʻih³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chř"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chyy"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "чи"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "či"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsi²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qi²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰiː³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhír"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshír"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰi⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰi⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁵tshy"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshy^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "²tshr"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/t͡sʰz̩³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsyheX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*t-l̥ajʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*l̥ʰjalʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰiː³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰi⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰi⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*t-l̥ajʔ/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*l̥ʰjalʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Uncommon kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-侈-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
      "tags": [
        "Hyōgai",
        "kanji",
        "no-gloss",
        "uncommon"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "치",
      "roman": "chi",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "치"
      },
      "expansion": "侈 (eum 치 (chi))",
      "name": "ko-hanja"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-侈-ko-character-47DEQpj8",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hanja"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "xỉ",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ẩy",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xảy",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xí",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "đứa",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xẩy",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xi",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-侈-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
    "Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese lemmas"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "不侈"
    },
    {
      "word": "侈侈"
    },
    {
      "word": "侈口"
    },
    {
      "word": "侈弇"
    },
    {
      "word": "侈糜"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chǐyán",
      "word": "侈言"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chǐtán",
      "word": "侈談"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chǐtán",
      "word": "侈谈"
    },
    {
      "word": "侈論"
    },
    {
      "word": "侈论"
    },
    {
      "word": "侈離"
    },
    {
      "word": "侈离"
    },
    {
      "word": "侈靡"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shēchǐ",
      "word": "奢侈"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shēchǐpǐn",
      "word": "奢侈品"
    },
    {
      "word": "汰侈"
    },
    {
      "word": "浮侈"
    },
    {
      "word": "窮奢極侈"
    },
    {
      "word": "穷奢极侈"
    },
    {
      "word": "豪侈"
    },
    {
      "word": "踰侈"
    },
    {
      "word": "逾侈"
    },
    {
      "word": "饒侈"
    },
    {
      "word": "饶侈"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "sit-pro",
        "3": "*g(r/l)aːj",
        "4": "",
        "5": "scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g(r/l)aːj (“scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler, 2007"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "哆",
        "id": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "哆 (OC *ʔl'aːlʔ)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "移"
      },
      "expansion": "移 (OC *lal)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "離"
      },
      "expansion": "離 (OC *reːls, *rel, *rels)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "my",
        "2": "ကျယ်",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wide"
      },
      "expansion": "Burmese ကျယ် (kyai, “wide”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lus",
        "2": "tai",
        "3": "",
        "4": "scatter, disperse"
      },
      "expansion": "Mizo tai (“scatter, disperse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cng",
        "t": "star",
        "tr": "ʁdʐə"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Qiang [script needed] (ʁdʐə, “star”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "qxs",
        "t": "star",
        "tr": "χdʐe³³pe⁵⁵"
      },
      "expansion": "Southern Qiang [Term?] (χdʐe³³pe⁵⁵, “star”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g(r/l)aːj (“scatter, sow, dispersedly widely; wide; star”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).\n*Insides Chinese, cognate with 哆 (OC *ʔl'aːlʔ), 移 (OC *lal), 離 (OC *reːls, *rel, *rels) (STEDT);\n*Outsides Chinese, cognate with Burmese ကျယ် (kyai, “wide”), Mizo tai (“scatter, disperse”), Northern Qiang [script needed] (ʁdʐə, “star”) (Mawo), Southern Qiang [Term?] (χdʐe³³pe⁵⁵, “star”) (Taoping), etc. (ibid.).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "侈",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "In the twenty-fourth year, in spring, the square pillars were carved: in both cases, this was not in accordance with ritual propriety. Yusun remonstrated: “I have heard: ‘Frugality is the most revered of virtues; profligacy is the greatest of evils.’ Our former ruler had revered virtue, but you led him into this greatest of evils. How on earth could this not be totally wrong?”",
          "ref": "二十四年,春,刻其桷,皆非禮也。御孫諫曰:「臣聞之:『儉,德之共也;侈,惡之大也。』先君有共德,而君納諸大惡,無乃不可乎?」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "二十四年,春,刻其桷,皆非礼也。御孙谏曰:「臣闻之:『俭,德之共也;侈,恶之大也。』先君有共德,而君纳诸大恶,无乃不可乎?」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translation from Zuozhuan: Commentary on the \"Spring and Autumn Annals\" (2017), by Stephen Durrant, Wai-yee Li and David Schaberg\nÈrshísì nián, chūn, kè qí jué, jiē fēilǐ yě. Yùsūn jiàn yuē: “Chén wén zhī: ‘Jiǎn, dé zhī gòng yě; chǐ, è zhī dà yě.’ Xiānjūn yǒu gòngdé, ér jūn nà zhū dà'è, wú nǎi bùkě hū?” [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "To leave no example of extravagance to future generations; to show no wastefulness in the use of anything; to make no display in the degree of their (ceremonial) observances; to keep themselves (in their expenditure) under the restraint of strict and exact rule, so as to be prepared for occurring emergencies - such regulations formed part of the system of the Way in antiquity.",
          "ref": "不侈於後世,不靡於萬物,不暉於數度,以繩墨自矯,而備世之急,古之道術有在於是者。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
          "text": "不侈于后世,不靡于万物,不晖于数度,以绳墨自矫,而备世之急,古之道术有在于是者。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Zhuangzi, circa 3ʳᵈ – 2ⁿᵈ centuries BCE\nBùchǐ yú hòushì, bùmǐ yú wànwù, bùhuī yú shùdù, yǐ shéngmò zìjiǎo, ér bèi shì zhī jí, gǔ zhī dàoshù yǒu zài yúshì zhě. [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "extravagant; wasteful; excessive; luxurious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "extravagant",
          "extravagant"
        ],
        [
          "wasteful",
          "wasteful"
        ],
        [
          "excessive",
          "excessive"
        ],
        [
          "luxurious",
          "luxurious"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "exaggerated; overstated"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "exaggerated",
          "exaggerated"
        ],
        [
          "overstated",
          "overstated"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chi³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄔˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ci²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chhír"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chhí"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁵tshy"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǐ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chǐh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chʻih³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chř"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chyy"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "чи"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "či"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsi²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qi²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰiː³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhír"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshír"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshí"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chie"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰi⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰi⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁵tshy"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshy^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "²tshr"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/t͡sʰz̩³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsyheX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*t-l̥ajʔ/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*l̥ʰjalʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰiː³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰɯ⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰi⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰi⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰz̩³⁴/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*t-l̥ajʔ/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*l̥ʰjalʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}

{
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "濟"
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese Han characters",
        "Japanese kanji with goon reading し",
        "Japanese kanji with kan'on reading し",
        "Japanese kanji with kun reading おご-る",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Uncommon kanji"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hyōgai",
        "kanji",
        "no-gloss",
        "uncommon"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "치",
      "roman": "chi",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "치"
      },
      "expansion": "侈 (eum 치 (chi))",
      "name": "ko-hanja"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean Han characters",
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hanja"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}

{
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Han script characters",
        "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
        "Translingual lemmas",
        "Translingual symbols",
        "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "侈 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人弓戈弓 (ONIN), four-corner 2722₇, composition ⿰亻多)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Kangxi radical",
          "Kangxi radical"
        ],
        [
          "亻",
          "亻#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "多",
          "多#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "xỉ",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ẩy",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xảy",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xí",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "đứa",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xẩy",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xi",
      "tags": [
        "Hán-Nôm"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese Han characters",
        "Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "han"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "侈"
}
{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "侈"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
  "msg": "侈/Chinese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"濟\"], \"word\": \"侈\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "soft-redirect",
  "title": "侈",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.