See معاش on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "afb",
"2": "معاش",
"tr": "maʕāš"
},
"expansion": "Gulf Arabic: معاش (maʕāš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gulf Arabic: معاش (maʕāš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "maaş",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: maaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: maaş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "مَعَاش",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Classical Persian: مَعَاش (ma'āš)\nTajik: маъош (ma'oš), маош (maoš)\n→ Chagatai:\nUyghur: مائاش (ma'ash), مۇئاش (mu'ash)\nUzbek: maosh\n→ Hindustani:\nUrdu: مَعَاش (ma'āś)\n→ Pashto: معاش (ma'āš)\n→ Turkmen: مۇئاش",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Classical Persian: مَعَاش (ma'āš)\nTajik: маъош (ma'oš), маош (maoš)\n→ Chagatai:\nUyghur: مائاش (ma'ash), مۇئاش (mu'ash)\nUzbek: maosh\n→ Hindustani:\nUrdu: مَعَاش (ma'āś)\n→ Pashto: معاش (ma'āš)\n→ Turkmen: مۇئاش"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ku",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kurdish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "مەعاش"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: مەعاش (me'aş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: مەعاش (me'aş)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "meaş"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: meaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: meaş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "معاش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "maaş"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: معاش (maaş)\nTurkish: maaş\n→ Laz: მააში (maaşi)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: معاش (maaş)\nTurkish: maaş\n→ Laz: მააში (maaşi)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "مَعَاش",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "maʕāš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاش",
"roman": "maʕāš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْمَعَاش",
"roman": "al-maʕāš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاش",
"roman": "maʕāš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشٌ",
"roman": "maʕāšun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْمَعَاشُ",
"roman": "al-maʕāšu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشُ",
"roman": "maʕāšu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشًا",
"roman": "maʕāšan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْمَعَاشَ",
"roman": "al-maʕāša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشَ",
"roman": "maʕāša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"construct",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشٍ",
"roman": "maʕāšin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْمَعَاشِ",
"roman": "al-maʕāši",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشِ",
"roman": "maʕāši",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "مَعَاش",
"2": "m"
},
"expansion": "مَعَاش • (maʕāš) m",
"name": "ar-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "مَعَاش"
},
"name": "ar-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(ʕāša) (form I)",
"word": "عَاشَ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of عَاشَ (ʕāša) (form I)"
],
"id": "en-معاش-ar-noun-iCzF7qGM",
"links": [
[
"عَاشَ",
"عاش#Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
112,
118
],
[
159,
165
],
[
304,
310
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
139,
150
]
],
"english": "The most common cause of the desire to practice alchemy is, as we have stated; a person’s inability to make his living in a natural way and the wish to make a living in some way that, unlike agriculture, commerce, and (handi)craft, is not natural. A person without ability finds it difficult to make his living in such (legitimate occupations). He wants to get rich all at once through some (occupation) that is not natural, such as alchemy and other things.",
"ref": "1377, Ibn Khaldun, edited by Khalīl Shaḥādah, تاريخ ابن خلدون, 1st edition, volume 1, Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Fikr, published 1981, page 727:",
"roman": "waʔakṯaru mā yaḥmilu ʕalā ltimāsi hāḏihi ṣ-ṣināʕati wantiḥālihā huwa kamā qulnāhu l-ʕajzu ʕani ṭ-ṭuruqi ṭ-ṭabīʕiyyati lilmaʕāši wabtiḡāʔuhu min ḡayri wujūhihi ṭ-ṭabīʕiyyati kal-filāḥati wat-tijārati waṣ-ṣināʕati fayastaṣʕibu l-ʕājizu btiḡāʔahu min hāḏihi wayarūmu l-ḥuṣūla ʕalā l-kaṯīri mina l-māli dufʕatan biwujūhin ḡayri ṭabīʕiyyatin mina l-kīmiyāʔi waḡayrihā.",
"text": "وَأَكْثَرُ مَا يَحْمِلُ عَلَى ٱلْتِمَاسِ هٰذِهِ الصِّنَاعَةِ وَٱنْتِحَالِهَا هُوَ كَمَا قُلْنَاهُ الْعَجْزُ عَنِ الطُّرُقِ الطَّبِيعِيَّةِ لِلْمَعَاشِ وَٱبْتِغَاؤُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وُجُوهِهِ الطَّبِيعِيَّةِ كَٱلْفِلَاحَةِ وَٱلتِّجَارَةِ وَٱلصِّنَاعَةِ فَيَسْتَصْعِبُ الْعَاجِزُ ٱبْتِغَاءَهُ مِنْ هٰذِهِ وَيَرُومُ الْحُصُولَ عَلَى الْكَثِيرِ مِنَ الْمَالِ دُفْعَةً بِوُجُوهٍ غَيْرِ طَبِيعِيَّةٍ مِنَ الْكِيمِيَاءِ وَغَيْرِهَا.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"livelihood, subsistence"
],
"id": "en-معاش-ar-noun-a~F4sc1N",
"links": [
[
"livelihood",
"livelihood"
],
[
"subsistence",
"subsistence"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Post-classical Arabic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 17 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 17 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 7 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic terms belonging to the root ع ي ش",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"salary"
],
"id": "en-معاش-ar-noun-Y4TkPAKx",
"links": [
[
"salary",
"salary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(post-Classical) salary"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "رَاتِب"
}
],
"tags": [
"post-Classical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ma.ʕaːʃ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːʃ"
}
],
"word": "معاش"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "maaş"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: maaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: maaş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lzz",
"2": "მააში",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Laz: მააში (maaşi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Laz: მააში (maaşi)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "bor",
"3": "ar>مَعَاش>livelihood",
"id": "salary",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ع ي ش"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "maaş",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "معاشی",
"roman": "maaşı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "معاشات",
"roman": "maaşat",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "معائش",
"roman": "maaiş",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "معاشی",
"5": "plural",
"6": "معاشات",
"7": "or",
"8": "معائش",
"f1tr": "maaşı",
"f2tr": "maaşat",
"f3tr": "maaiş",
"tr": "maaş"
},
"expansion": "معاش • (maaş) (definite accusative معاشی (maaşı), plural معاشات (maaşat) or معائش (maaiş))",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 14 68 6 4 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 12 72 5 4 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"salary, pension, or other source of income; living"
],
"id": "en-معاش-ota-noun-xgng0ixP",
"links": [
[
"salary",
"salary"
],
[
"pension",
"pension"
],
[
"living",
"living"
]
]
}
],
"word": "معاش"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bad-ma'āš / bad-ma'âš",
"word": "بدمعاش"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "маъош",
"3": "маош"
},
"expansion": "Tajik: маъош (ma'oš), маош (maoš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tajik: маъош (ma'oš), маош (maoš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chagatai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chagatai:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "مائاش",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: مائاش (ma'ash), مۇئاش (mu'ash)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: مائاش (ma'ash), مۇئاش (mu'ash)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "maosh"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: maosh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: maosh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "مَعَاش"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: مَعَاش (ma'āś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: مَعَاش (ma'āś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "معاش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "ma'āš"
},
"expansion": "→ Pashto: معاش (ma'āš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Pashto: معاش (ma'āš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "مۇئاش",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkmen: مۇئاش",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkmen: مۇئاش"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "bor",
"3": "ar>مَعَاش>livelihood",
"id": "salary",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ع ي ش"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ma'āš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ma'âš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"10": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"11": "",
"12": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "ma'āš /ma'âš",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "معاش • (ma'āš /ma'âš)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "ma'āš /ma'âš"
},
"expansion": "معاش • (ma'āš /ma'âš)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wage, income, salary"
],
"id": "en-معاش-fa-noun-VYJs2NiD",
"links": [
[
"wage",
"wage"
],
[
"income",
"income"
],
[
"salary",
"salary"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"livelihood, subsistence, means of living"
],
"id": "en-معاش-fa-noun-ra3X3hGp",
"links": [
[
"livelihood",
"livelihood"
],
[
"subsistence",
"subsistence"
],
[
"living",
"living"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ma.ʔɑːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mä.ʔɑːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mä.ʔɑːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɑːɑːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɔːɔːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[mæ.ʔɒːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mä.ʔɔʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "معاش"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "bor",
"3": "fa-cls>مَعَاش>salary",
"id": "salary",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian مَعَاش (ma'āš), borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ع ي ش"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian مَعَاش (ma'āš), borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "مَعاش",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ma'āš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "मआश",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "مَعاش",
"tr": "ma'āš"
},
"expansion": "مَعاش • (ma'āš) f (Hindi spelling मआश)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"economy"
],
"id": "en-معاش-ur-noun-b9orglK2",
"links": [
[
"economy",
"economy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"livelihood, subsistence, living"
],
"id": "en-معاش-ur-noun-0ER0ysQR",
"links": [
[
"livelihood",
"livelihood"
],
[
"subsistence",
"subsistence"
],
[
"living",
"living"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mə.(ʔ)ɑːʃ/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "معاش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Arabic 2-syllable words",
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic lemmas",
"Arabic masculine nouns",
"Arabic nouns",
"Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular",
"Arabic terms belonging to the root ع ي ش",
"Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Arabic/aːʃ",
"Rhymes:Arabic/aːʃ/2 syllables"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "afb",
"2": "معاش",
"tr": "maʕāš"
},
"expansion": "Gulf Arabic: معاش (maʕāš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gulf Arabic: معاش (maʕāš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "maaş",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: maaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: maaş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "مَعَاش",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Classical Persian: مَعَاش (ma'āš)\nTajik: маъош (ma'oš), маош (maoš)\n→ Chagatai:\nUyghur: مائاش (ma'ash), مۇئاش (mu'ash)\nUzbek: maosh\n→ Hindustani:\nUrdu: مَعَاش (ma'āś)\n→ Pashto: معاش (ma'āš)\n→ Turkmen: مۇئاش",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Classical Persian: مَعَاش (ma'āš)\nTajik: маъош (ma'oš), маош (maoš)\n→ Chagatai:\nUyghur: مائاش (ma'ash), مۇئاش (mu'ash)\nUzbek: maosh\n→ Hindustani:\nUrdu: مَعَاش (ma'āś)\n→ Pashto: معاش (ma'āš)\n→ Turkmen: مۇئاش"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ku",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Kurdish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "مەعاش"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: مەعاش (me'aş)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: مەعاش (me'aş)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "meaş"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: meaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: meaş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "معاش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "maaş"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: معاش (maaş)\nTurkish: maaş\n→ Laz: მააში (maaşi)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: معاش (maaş)\nTurkish: maaş\n→ Laz: მააში (maaşi)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "مَعَاش",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "maʕāš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاش",
"roman": "maʕāš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْمَعَاش",
"roman": "al-maʕāš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاش",
"roman": "maʕāš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشٌ",
"roman": "maʕāšun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْمَعَاشُ",
"roman": "al-maʕāšu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشُ",
"roman": "maʕāšu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشًا",
"roman": "maʕāšan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْمَعَاشَ",
"roman": "al-maʕāša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشَ",
"roman": "maʕāša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"construct",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشٍ",
"roman": "maʕāšin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْمَعَاشِ",
"roman": "al-maʕāši",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "مَعَاشِ",
"roman": "maʕāši",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "مَعَاش",
"2": "m"
},
"expansion": "مَعَاش • (maʕāš) m",
"name": "ar-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "مَعَاش"
},
"name": "ar-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Arabic verbal nouns"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(ʕāša) (form I)",
"word": "عَاشَ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of عَاشَ (ʕāša) (form I)"
],
"links": [
[
"عَاشَ",
"عاش#Arabic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Arabic terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
112,
118
],
[
159,
165
],
[
304,
310
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
139,
150
]
],
"english": "The most common cause of the desire to practice alchemy is, as we have stated; a person’s inability to make his living in a natural way and the wish to make a living in some way that, unlike agriculture, commerce, and (handi)craft, is not natural. A person without ability finds it difficult to make his living in such (legitimate occupations). He wants to get rich all at once through some (occupation) that is not natural, such as alchemy and other things.",
"ref": "1377, Ibn Khaldun, edited by Khalīl Shaḥādah, تاريخ ابن خلدون, 1st edition, volume 1, Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Fikr, published 1981, page 727:",
"roman": "waʔakṯaru mā yaḥmilu ʕalā ltimāsi hāḏihi ṣ-ṣināʕati wantiḥālihā huwa kamā qulnāhu l-ʕajzu ʕani ṭ-ṭuruqi ṭ-ṭabīʕiyyati lilmaʕāši wabtiḡāʔuhu min ḡayri wujūhihi ṭ-ṭabīʕiyyati kal-filāḥati wat-tijārati waṣ-ṣināʕati fayastaṣʕibu l-ʕājizu btiḡāʔahu min hāḏihi wayarūmu l-ḥuṣūla ʕalā l-kaṯīri mina l-māli dufʕatan biwujūhin ḡayri ṭabīʕiyyatin mina l-kīmiyāʔi waḡayrihā.",
"text": "وَأَكْثَرُ مَا يَحْمِلُ عَلَى ٱلْتِمَاسِ هٰذِهِ الصِّنَاعَةِ وَٱنْتِحَالِهَا هُوَ كَمَا قُلْنَاهُ الْعَجْزُ عَنِ الطُّرُقِ الطَّبِيعِيَّةِ لِلْمَعَاشِ وَٱبْتِغَاؤُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وُجُوهِهِ الطَّبِيعِيَّةِ كَٱلْفِلَاحَةِ وَٱلتِّجَارَةِ وَٱلصِّنَاعَةِ فَيَسْتَصْعِبُ الْعَاجِزُ ٱبْتِغَاءَهُ مِنْ هٰذِهِ وَيَرُومُ الْحُصُولَ عَلَى الْكَثِيرِ مِنَ الْمَالِ دُفْعَةً بِوُجُوهٍ غَيْرِ طَبِيعِيَّةٍ مِنَ الْكِيمِيَاءِ وَغَيْرِهَا.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"livelihood, subsistence"
],
"links": [
[
"livelihood",
"livelihood"
],
[
"subsistence",
"subsistence"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Post-classical Arabic"
],
"glosses": [
"salary"
],
"links": [
[
"salary",
"salary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(post-Classical) salary"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "رَاتِب"
}
],
"tags": [
"post-Classical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ma.ʕaːʃ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːʃ"
}
],
"word": "معاش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "maaş"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: maaş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: maaş"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lzz",
"2": "მააში",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Laz: მააში (maaşi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Laz: მააში (maaşi)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "bor",
"3": "ar>مَعَاش>livelihood",
"id": "salary",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ع ي ش"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "maaş",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "معاشی",
"roman": "maaşı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "معاشات",
"roman": "maaşat",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "معائش",
"roman": "maaiş",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "معاشی",
"5": "plural",
"6": "معاشات",
"7": "or",
"8": "معائش",
"f1tr": "maaşı",
"f2tr": "maaşat",
"f3tr": "maaiş",
"tr": "maaş"
},
"expansion": "معاش • (maaş) (definite accusative معاشی (maaşı), plural معاشات (maaşat) or معائش (maaiş))",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ottoman Turkish entries with etymology texts",
"Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Ottoman Turkish lemmas",
"Ottoman Turkish nouns",
"Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic",
"Ottoman Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ع ي ش",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"salary, pension, or other source of income; living"
],
"links": [
[
"salary",
"salary"
],
[
"pension",
"pension"
],
[
"living",
"living"
]
]
}
],
"word": "معاش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with etymology texts",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Persian terms derived from Arabic",
"Persian terms derived from the Arabic root ع ي ش",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bad-ma'āš / bad-ma'âš",
"word": "بدمعاش"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "маъош",
"3": "маош"
},
"expansion": "Tajik: маъош (ma'oš), маош (maoš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tajik: маъош (ma'oš), маош (maoš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chagatai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chagatai:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "مائاش",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: مائاش (ma'ash), مۇئاش (mu'ash)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: مائاش (ma'ash), مۇئاش (mu'ash)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "maosh"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: maosh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: maosh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "مَعَاش"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: مَعَاش (ma'āś)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: مَعَاش (ma'āś)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "معاش",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "ma'āš"
},
"expansion": "→ Pashto: معاش (ma'āš)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Pashto: معاش (ma'āš)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "مۇئاش",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkmen: مۇئاش",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkmen: مۇئاش"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "bor",
"3": "ar>مَعَاش>livelihood",
"id": "salary",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ع ي ش"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ma'āš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ma'âš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"10": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"11": "",
"12": "<small>[Term?]</small>",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "ma'āš /ma'âš",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "معاش • (ma'āš /ma'âš)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "ma'āš /ma'âš"
},
"expansion": "معاش • (ma'āš /ma'âš)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wage, income, salary"
],
"links": [
[
"wage",
"wage"
],
[
"income",
"income"
],
[
"salary",
"salary"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"livelihood, subsistence, means of living"
],
"links": [
[
"livelihood",
"livelihood"
],
[
"subsistence",
"subsistence"
],
[
"living",
"living"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ma.ʔɑːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mä.ʔɑːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mä.ʔɑːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɑːɑːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mɔːɔːʃ]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[mæ.ʔɒːʃ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[mä.ʔɔʃ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "معاش"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Urdu entries with etymology texts",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu feminine nouns",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Arabic",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root ع ي ش",
"Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Urdu terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "bor",
"3": "fa-cls>مَعَاش>salary",
"id": "salary",
"text": "++"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian مَعَاش (ma'āš), borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ع ي ش"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian مَعَاش (ma'āš), borrowed from Arabic مَعَاش (maʕāš), from عَاشَ (ʕāša).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "مَعاش",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ma'āš",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "मआश",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "مَعاش",
"tr": "ma'āš"
},
"expansion": "مَعاش • (ma'āš) f (Hindi spelling मआश)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"economy"
],
"links": [
[
"economy",
"economy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"livelihood, subsistence, living"
],
"links": [
[
"livelihood",
"livelihood"
],
[
"subsistence",
"subsistence"
],
[
"living",
"living"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mə.(ʔ)ɑːʃ/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "معاش"
}
Download raw JSONL data for معاش meaning in All languages combined (14.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.