See πέρνα on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "la",
"3": "perna"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin perna",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πτέρνη",
"t1": "heel"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of πτέρνη (ptérnē, “heel”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin perna. Doublet of πτέρνη (ptérnē, “heel”), which was inherited.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "πέρνᾰ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pérnă",
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"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πέρνης",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-1",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
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"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ πέρνᾰ",
"roman": "hē pérnă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πέρνᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ pérnā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ πέρναι",
"roman": "hai pérnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς πέρνης",
"roman": "tês pérnēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πέρναιν",
"roman": "toîn pérnain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν περνῶν",
"roman": "tôn pernôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ πέρνῃ",
"roman": "têi pérnēi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πέρναιν",
"roman": "toîn pérnain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς πέρναις",
"roman": "taîs pérnais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν πέρνᾰν",
"roman": "tḕn pérnăn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πέρνᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ pérnā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς πέρνᾱς",
"roman": "tā̀s pérnās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πέρνᾰ",
"roman": "pérnă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πέρνᾱ",
"roman": "pérnā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πέρναι",
"roman": "pérnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "f",
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},
"expansion": "πέρνᾰ • (pérnă) f (genitive πέρνης); first declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "πέρνᾰ",
"2": "ης"
},
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],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ham"
],
"id": "en-πέρνα-grc-noun-Dsz-JjZo",
"links": [
[
"ham",
"ham"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "ptérna",
"tags": [
"Epic"
],
"word": "πτέρνα"
},
{
"roman": "pérnē",
"word": "πέρνη"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pér.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pér.na/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "πέρνα"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
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],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "πέρνᾰ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pérnă",
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"romanization"
]
}
],
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{
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"expansion": "πέρνᾰ • (pérnă)",
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"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 25 35 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 40 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "pérnēmi",
"word": "πέρνημι"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active imperative of πέρνημι (pérnēmi)"
],
"id": "en-πέρνα-grc-verb-Vz7uiFyS",
"links": [
[
"πέρνημι",
"πέρνημι#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pér.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pér.na/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "πέρνα"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "pérna",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
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"expansion": "πέρνα • (pérna)",
"name": "head"
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],
"hyphenation": [
"πέρ‧να"
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 25 35 35",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 40 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alternative form: πέρναγε (pérnage)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(pernáo) and περνώ (pernó)",
"word": "περνάω"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present imperfective imperative of περνάω (pernáo) and περνώ (pernó)"
],
"id": "en-πέρνα-el-verb-fx8QKJIV",
"links": [
[
"περνάω",
"περνάω#Greek"
],
[
"περνώ",
"περνώ#Greek"
]
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"imperative",
"imperfective",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
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},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 25 35 35",
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},
{
"_dis": "3 18 40 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alternative form: πέρασε (pérase)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(pernáo) and περνώ (pernó)",
"word": "περνάω"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular simple past perfective imperative of περνάω (pernáo) and περνώ (pernó)"
],
"id": "en-πέρνα-el-verb-E7Ef5wz3",
"links": [
[
"περνάω",
"περνάω#Greek"
],
[
"περνώ",
"περνώ#Greek"
]
],
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"imperative",
"past",
"perfective",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpeɾ.na/"
}
],
"word": "πέρνα"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek doublets",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Ancient Greek first-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek non-lemma forms",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms borrowed from Latin",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Latin",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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"args": {
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"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin perna",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πτέρνη",
"t1": "heel"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of πτέρνη (ptérnē, “heel”)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin perna. Doublet of πτέρνη (ptérnē, “heel”), which was inherited.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "πέρνᾰ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pérnă",
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"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "πέρνης",
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"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-1",
"source": "inflection",
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"table-tags"
]
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{
"form": "grc-decl",
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"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "First declension",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ πέρνᾰ",
"roman": "hē pérnă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πέρνᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ pérnā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ πέρναι",
"roman": "hai pérnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς πέρνης",
"roman": "tês pérnēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πέρναιν",
"roman": "toîn pérnain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν περνῶν",
"roman": "tôn pernôn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ πέρνῃ",
"roman": "têi pérnēi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν πέρναιν",
"roman": "toîn pérnain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς πέρναις",
"roman": "taîs pérnais",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν πέρνᾰν",
"roman": "tḕn pérnăn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ πέρνᾱ",
"roman": "tṑ pérnā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς πέρνᾱς",
"roman": "tā̀s pérnās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "πέρνᾰ",
"roman": "pérnă",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πέρνᾱ",
"roman": "pérnā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "πέρναι",
"roman": "pérnai",
"source": "inflection",
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"plural",
"vocative"
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}
],
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{
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"3": "first",
"head": "πέρνᾰ"
},
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"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
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{
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"2": "ης"
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],
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"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ham"
],
"links": [
[
"ham",
"ham"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pér.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pér.na/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "ptérna",
"tags": [
"Epic"
],
"word": "πτέρνα"
},
{
"roman": "pérnē",
"word": "πέρνη"
}
],
"word": "πέρνα"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek non-lemma forms",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
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],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "πέρνᾰ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pérnă",
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"romanization"
]
}
],
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"1": "πέρνᾰ"
},
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"lang_code": "grc",
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"senses": [
{
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{
"extra": "pérnēmi",
"word": "πέρνημι"
}
],
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"second-person singular present active imperative of πέρνημι (pérnēmi)"
],
"links": [
[
"πέρνημι",
"πέρνημι#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pér.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pér.na/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈper.na/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "πέρνα"
}
{
"categories": [
"Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Greek non-lemma forms",
"Greek verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "pérna",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "verbf"
},
"expansion": "πέρνα • (pérna)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"πέρ‧να"
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alternative form: πέρναγε (pérnage)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(pernáo) and περνώ (pernó)",
"word": "περνάω"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present imperfective imperative of περνάω (pernáo) and περνώ (pernó)"
],
"links": [
[
"περνάω",
"περνάω#Greek"
],
[
"περνώ",
"περνώ#Greek"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"imperfective",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alternative form: πέρασε (pérase)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(pernáo) and περνώ (pernó)",
"word": "περνάω"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular simple past perfective imperative of περνάω (pernáo) and περνώ (pernó)"
],
"links": [
[
"περνάω",
"περνάω#Greek"
],
[
"περνώ",
"περνώ#Greek"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"past",
"perfective",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpeɾ.na/"
}
],
"word": "πέρνα"
}
Download raw JSONL data for πέρνα meaning in All languages combined (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.