See gju in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gjunjak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gjunjar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gjunjas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gjunjëprerë"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gjunjëse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "gjunjëzohem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "përgjunjem"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵónu",
"4": "*ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵónu",
"4": "*ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*glūnos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *glūnos",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws, relevelled in a preform something like *ǵnu-nó-s. The *ǵ is regularly depalatised before liquids. The shift *gn- → *gl-, aside from a possible parallel in gjuhë according to one hypothesis about its origin, is not seen elsewhere in Albanian, and has been explained as contamination with words such as llërë (“upper arm”) or bërryl (“elbow”). Compare also Proto-Celtic *glūnos, which parallels both the relevelling and the dissimilation, though it reflects a long vowel, unlike in Albanian.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gjunjë",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjët",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sq-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjësh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sq-ndecl-variants\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjû — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gû — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dialectal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glu — southern Tosk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Arvanitika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Arbëresh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ukraine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gynj — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjë — San Marzano",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuni — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gluri — Arvanitika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Sicily",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gynji — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glunji — San Marzano",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûj — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunj — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Calabria",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjynj — dialectal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunj — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjë — northern Gheg [16th c.]",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûjt — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjt — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Calabria",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunjt — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjëtë — northern Gheg [16th c.]",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjû — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gû — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dialectal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glu — southern Tosk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Arvanitika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Arbëresh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ukraine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gynj — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjë — San Marzano",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunin — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûj — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunj — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Calabria",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjynj — dialectal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunj — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjë — northern Gheg [16th c.]",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûjt — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjt — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Calabria",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunjt — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjëtë — northern Gheg [16th c.]",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuni — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gluri — Arvanitika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Sicily",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gynji — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glunji — San Marzano",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunit — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëvet — dated",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûjvet — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dated",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuni — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gluri — Arvanitika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Sicily",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gynji — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glunji — San Marzano",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunit — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjësh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëvet — dated",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûjvet — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dated",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gû",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Gheg",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "glu",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Arbëresh",
"Arvanitika",
"Southern",
"Tosk",
"Ukraine"
]
},
{
"form": "gynj",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjë",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "masculine nouns",
"g": "m",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gju m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "gjunjë",
"3": "gjuri",
"4": "gjunjët"
},
"expansion": "gju m (plural gjunjë, definite gjuri, definite plural gjunjët)",
"name": "sq-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gju",
"10": "gjunjëve",
"11": "gjurit",
"12": "gjunjëve",
"13": "gjunjësh",
"2": "gjunjë",
"3": "gjuri",
"4": "gjunjët",
"5": "gju",
"6": "gjunjë",
"7": "gjurin",
"8": "gjunjët",
"9": "gjuri"
},
"name": "sq-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"p": "gjunjë",
"psh": "gjunjësh",
"pt": "gjunjët",
"pve": "gjunjëve",
"pvet": "gjunjëve",
"s": "gju",
"sa": "gjuri",
"si": "gjuri",
"sin": "gjurin",
"sit": "gjurit"
},
"name": "sq-ndecl-table"
},
{
"args": {
"p": "gjunjë/gjûj(Gheg)/gjunj(Gheg, Calabria)/gjynj(dialectal)/gunj(Borgo Erizzo)/glunjë(N Gheg)16th c.",
"psh": "gjunjësh",
"pt": "gjunjët/gjûjt(Gheg)/gjunjt(Gheg, Calabria)/gunjt(Borgo Erizzo)/glunjëtë(N Gheg)16th c.",
"pve": "gjunjëve",
"pvet": "gjunjëve/gjunjëvet(dated)/gjûjvet(Gheg, dated)",
"s": "gju/gjû(Gheg)/gû(Gheg, dialectal)/glu(S Tosk, Greece, Italy, Ukraine)/gynj(Borgo Erizzo)/glunjë(San Marzano)",
"si": "gjuri/gjuni(Gheg)/gluri(Greece, Sicily)/gynji(Borgo Erizzo)/glunji(San Marzano)",
"sin": "gjurin/gjunin(Gheg)",
"sit": "gjurit/gjunit(Gheg)"
},
"name": "sq-ndecl-variants"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 1555",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 79 16 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sq",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "sq:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Anatomy"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"english": "to kneel",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "ulem në gjunjë",
"translation": "to kneel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
17
]
],
"english": "I'm too tired. (or) I'm too scared.",
"literal_meaning": "My knees broke.",
"raw_tags": [
"or"
],
"tags": [
"Tosk"
],
"text": "M'u prenë gjunjët.",
"translation": "I'm too tired. (or) I'm too scared.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
25
]
],
"english": "and she fell on her knees in front of his feet",
"ref": "1555, Gjon Buzuku, Meshari, 2 Kings 4:37, page 58r, line 3f.:",
"text": "e vu // enbeh glugneh ꝑpara canbeuet tii",
"translation": "and she fell on her knees in front of his feet",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"knee (body part)"
],
"id": "en-gju-sq-noun-95d1eP4F",
"links": [
[
"knee",
"knee"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 19 59 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"english": "the bend of the river",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "gjuri i lumit",
"translation": "the bend of the river",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bend, elbow, curve"
],
"id": "en-gju-sq-noun-XWD39nb8",
"links": [
[
"bend",
"bend"
],
[
"elbow",
"elbow"
],
[
"curve",
"curve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) bend, elbow, curve"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bërryl"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 1685",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
13
]
],
"english": "of one origin, homogenous",
"tags": [
"collocation",
"Gheg"
],
"text": "të nji gjuni",
"translation": "of one origin, homogenous",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
52,
58
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
44,
50
]
],
"english": "He united His Holy name with Jacob of whose linage are all Christians.",
"ref": "1685, Pjetër Bogdani, Cuneus Prophetarum, VT 3.12, page 14:",
"text": "bascκoj emenitè vet Scenjt me Jacobnè prej se κuijt ghiuni, e fissi janè giξξè tè κersctenetè.",
"translation": "He united His Holy name with Jacob of whose linage are all Christians.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"descent, lineage, generation"
],
"id": "en-gju-sq-noun-sq:descent",
"links": [
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"lineage",
"lineage"
],
[
"generation",
"generation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) descent, lineage, generation"
],
"senseid": [
"sq:descent"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɟu/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡjũː]",
"tags": [
"Gheg",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡjũˑnɪ]",
"note": "def. sing.",
"tags": [
"Gheg",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡjʊ̃j]",
"note": "indef. plur.",
"tags": [
"Gheg",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
"word": "gju"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "adv"
},
"expansion": "gju",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shoo! go away!"
],
"id": "en-gju-sq-intj-T6WDsh29",
"links": [
[
"shoo",
"shoo"
],
[
"go away",
"go away"
]
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "gju"
}
{
"categories": [
"Albanian adverbs",
"Albanian dialectal terms",
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian masculine nouns",
"Albanian nouns",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Albanian/u",
"Rhymes:Albanian/u/1 syllable",
"sq:Body parts"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gjunjak"
},
{
"word": "gjunjar"
},
{
"word": "gjunjas"
},
{
"word": "gjunjëprerë"
},
{
"word": "gjunjëse"
},
{
"word": "gjunjëzohem"
},
{
"word": "përgjunjem"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵónu",
"4": "*ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵónu",
"4": "*ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*glūnos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *glūnos",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws, relevelled in a preform something like *ǵnu-nó-s. The *ǵ is regularly depalatised before liquids. The shift *gn- → *gl-, aside from a possible parallel in gjuhë according to one hypothesis about its origin, is not seen elsewhere in Albanian, and has been explained as contamination with words such as llërë (“upper arm”) or bërryl (“elbow”). Compare also Proto-Celtic *glūnos, which parallels both the relevelling and the dissimilation, though it reflects a long vowel, unlike in Albanian.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gjunjë",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjët",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sq-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjësh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sq-ndecl-variants\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjû — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gû — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dialectal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glu — southern Tosk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Arvanitika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Arbëresh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ukraine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gynj — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjë — San Marzano",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuni — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gluri — Arvanitika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Sicily",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gynji — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glunji — San Marzano",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûj — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunj — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Calabria",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjynj — dialectal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunj — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjë — northern Gheg [16th c.]",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûjt — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjt — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Calabria",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunjt — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjëtë — northern Gheg [16th c.]",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjû — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gû — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dialectal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glu — southern Tosk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Arvanitika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Arbëresh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ukraine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gynj — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjë — San Marzano",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunin — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjë",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûj — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunj — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Calabria",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjynj — dialectal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunj — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjë — northern Gheg [16th c.]",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjët",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûjt — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjt — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Calabria",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gunjt — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjëtë — northern Gheg [16th c.]",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuni — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gluri — Arvanitika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Sicily",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gynji — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glunji — San Marzano",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunit — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëvet — dated",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûjvet — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dated",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjuni — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gluri — Arvanitika",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Sicily",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gynji — Borgo Erizzo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glunji — San Marzano",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjurit",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunit — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjësh",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëve",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjunjëvet — dated",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gjûjvet — Gheg",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dated",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gû",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Gheg",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"form": "glu",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Arbëresh",
"Arvanitika",
"Southern",
"Tosk",
"Ukraine"
]
},
{
"form": "gynj",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "glunjë",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "masculine nouns",
"g": "m",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gju m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "gjunjë",
"3": "gjuri",
"4": "gjunjët"
},
"expansion": "gju m (plural gjunjë, definite gjuri, definite plural gjunjët)",
"name": "sq-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gju",
"10": "gjunjëve",
"11": "gjurit",
"12": "gjunjëve",
"13": "gjunjësh",
"2": "gjunjë",
"3": "gjuri",
"4": "gjunjët",
"5": "gju",
"6": "gjunjë",
"7": "gjurin",
"8": "gjunjët",
"9": "gjuri"
},
"name": "sq-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"p": "gjunjë",
"psh": "gjunjësh",
"pt": "gjunjët",
"pve": "gjunjëve",
"pvet": "gjunjëve",
"s": "gju",
"sa": "gjuri",
"si": "gjuri",
"sin": "gjurin",
"sit": "gjurit"
},
"name": "sq-ndecl-table"
},
{
"args": {
"p": "gjunjë/gjûj(Gheg)/gjunj(Gheg, Calabria)/gjynj(dialectal)/gunj(Borgo Erizzo)/glunjë(N Gheg)16th c.",
"psh": "gjunjësh",
"pt": "gjunjët/gjûjt(Gheg)/gjunjt(Gheg, Calabria)/gunjt(Borgo Erizzo)/glunjëtë(N Gheg)16th c.",
"pve": "gjunjëve",
"pvet": "gjunjëve/gjunjëvet(dated)/gjûjvet(Gheg, dated)",
"s": "gju/gjû(Gheg)/gû(Gheg, dialectal)/glu(S Tosk, Greece, Italy, Ukraine)/gynj(Borgo Erizzo)/glunjë(San Marzano)",
"si": "gjuri/gjuni(Gheg)/gluri(Greece, Sicily)/gynji(Borgo Erizzo)/glunji(San Marzano)",
"sin": "gjurin/gjunin(Gheg)",
"sit": "gjurit/gjunit(Gheg)"
},
"name": "sq-ndecl-variants"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 1555",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"Albanian terms with collocations",
"Albanian terms with quotations",
"Albanian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"english": "to kneel",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "ulem në gjunjë",
"translation": "to kneel",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
3,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
17
]
],
"english": "I'm too tired. (or) I'm too scared.",
"literal_meaning": "My knees broke.",
"raw_tags": [
"or"
],
"tags": [
"Tosk"
],
"text": "M'u prenë gjunjët.",
"translation": "I'm too tired. (or) I'm too scared.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
20,
25
]
],
"english": "and she fell on her knees in front of his feet",
"ref": "1555, Gjon Buzuku, Meshari, 2 Kings 4:37, page 58r, line 3f.:",
"text": "e vu // enbeh glugneh ꝑpara canbeuet tii",
"translation": "and she fell on her knees in front of his feet",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"knee (body part)"
],
"links": [
[
"knee",
"knee"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Albanian terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"english": "the bend of the river",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "gjuri i lumit",
"translation": "the bend of the river",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bend, elbow, curve"
],
"links": [
[
"bend",
"bend"
],
[
"elbow",
"elbow"
],
[
"curve",
"curve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) bend, elbow, curve"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bërryl"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "from 1685",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"Albanian terms with archaic senses",
"Albanian terms with collocations",
"Albanian terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
13
]
],
"english": "of one origin, homogenous",
"tags": [
"collocation",
"Gheg"
],
"text": "të nji gjuni",
"translation": "of one origin, homogenous",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
52,
58
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
44,
50
]
],
"english": "He united His Holy name with Jacob of whose linage are all Christians.",
"ref": "1685, Pjetër Bogdani, Cuneus Prophetarum, VT 3.12, page 14:",
"text": "bascκoj emenitè vet Scenjt me Jacobnè prej se κuijt ghiuni, e fissi janè giξξè tè κersctenetè.",
"translation": "He united His Holy name with Jacob of whose linage are all Christians.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"descent, lineage, generation"
],
"links": [
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"lineage",
"lineage"
],
[
"generation",
"generation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) descent, lineage, generation"
],
"senseid": [
"sq:descent"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɟu/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡjũː]",
"tags": [
"Gheg",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡjũˑnɪ]",
"note": "def. sing.",
"tags": [
"Gheg",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡjʊ̃j]",
"note": "indef. plur.",
"tags": [
"Gheg",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
"word": "gju"
}
{
"categories": [
"Albanian adverbs",
"Albanian dialectal terms",
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sq:Body parts"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "adv"
},
"expansion": "gju",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"shoo! go away!"
],
"links": [
[
"shoo",
"shoo"
],
[
"go away",
"go away"
]
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"word": "gju"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gju meaning in Albanian (16.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Albanian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.