"hand" meaning in Englisch

See hand in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: hænd, hændz Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-hand.wav , En-uk-hand.ogg , En-us-hand.ogg , En-us-hands.ogg Forms: the hand [singular], the hands [plural]
Etymology: altenglisch hand von germanisch *khanduz (deutsch Hand, niederländisch hand)
  1. unteres Ende des Arms; Hand
    Sense id: de-hand-en-noun-VVIs6uoA Topics: anatomy
  2. Teilnehmer bei einer Kartenspielrunde; Kartenspieler
    Sense id: de-hand-en-noun-F3Iv4A1L
  3. Teil des Zifferblatts einer Uhr, das die Zeit anzeigt; Zeiger
    Sense id: de-hand-en-noun-Uo1cKd20
  4. Arbeitskraft, speziell auch bei der Marine
    Sense id: de-hand-en-noun-34~vmPBM
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: man Hypernyms: anatomy, arm, clock, watch Translations (Teil des Zifferblatts einer Uhr): Zeiger [masculine] (Deutsch) Translations (Teilnehmer bei einer Kartenspielrunde): Kartenspieler [masculine] (Deutsch), Kartenspielerin [feminine] (Deutsch) Translations (unteres Ende des Arms): Hand [feminine] (Deutsch), Hönd (Isländisch), mano [feminine] (Italienisch), 손 (Koreanisch), mano [feminine] (Spanisch)
Categories (other): Anagramm sortiert (Englisch), Englisch, Rückläufige Wörterliste (Englisch), Substantiv (Englisch), Siehe auch Derived forms: handful, handbag, hand-baggage, handball, hand-barrow, handbill, handbook, handbrake, handcart, handclap, handcuffs, hand-grenade, hand-gun, hand-held, handhold, hand-luggage, handmade, handmaid, handpicked, handrail, handsaw, handshake, hands-on, handspring, handstand, handwritting, handwritten

Inflected forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Anagramm sortiert (Englisch)",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Englisch",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Rückläufige Wörterliste (Englisch)",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Substantiv (Englisch)",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Siehe auch",
      "orig": "siehe auch",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "handful"
    },
    {
      "word": "handbag"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-baggage"
    },
    {
      "word": "handball"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-barrow"
    },
    {
      "word": "handbill"
    },
    {
      "word": "handbook"
    },
    {
      "word": "handbrake"
    },
    {
      "word": "handcart"
    },
    {
      "word": "handclap"
    },
    {
      "word": "handcuffs"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-grenade"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-gun"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-held"
    },
    {
      "word": "handhold"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-luggage"
    },
    {
      "word": "handmade"
    },
    {
      "word": "handmaid"
    },
    {
      "word": "handpicked"
    },
    {
      "word": "handrail"
    },
    {
      "word": "handsaw"
    },
    {
      "word": "handshake"
    },
    {
      "word": "hands-on"
    },
    {
      "word": "handspring"
    },
    {
      "word": "handstand"
    },
    {
      "word": "handwritting"
    },
    {
      "word": "handwritten"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "altenglisch hand von germanisch *khanduz (deutsch Hand, niederländisch hand)",
  "expressions": [
    {
      "note": "(umgangssprachlich) jemandem helfen",
      "word": "a hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "jeder muss mit anfassen",
      "word": "all hands to the pump"
    },
    {
      "note": "von jemandem",
      "word": "at somebody’s hands"
    },
    {
      "note": "sehr erfahren in etwas sein",
      "word": "be an old hand at something"
    },
    {
      "note": "etwas nicht gut können, ungeschickt sein",
      "word": "be a poor hand at something"
    },
    {
      "note": "jemandem die Hände und Füße (zusammen)binden",
      "word": "bind somebodys hand and foot"
    },
    {
      "note": "zufrieden sein mit dem, was man hat; lieber den Spatz in der Hand als die Taube auf dem Dach",
      "word": "a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush"
    },
    {
      "note": "jemanden unfreundlich behandeln, der einem freundlich gesinnt ist",
      "word": "bite the hand that feeds one"
    },
    {
      "note": "Blut an den Händen haben, für etwas (Blutiges) verantwortlich sein",
      "word": "blood on one's hands"
    },
    {
      "note": "jemanden mit der Hand aufziehen",
      "word": "bring somebody up by hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "etwas (ein Tier) mit der Hand aufziehen",
      "word": "bring something up by hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "mit den eigenen Händen",
      "word": "by one's own fair hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "cap in hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "change hands"
    },
    {
      "word": "the dead hand of something"
    },
    {
      "word": "the devil makes works for idle hands"
    },
    {
      "word": "eat out of somebodys hands"
    },
    {
      "note": "jemandem in die Hände fallen",
      "word": "fall into somebody's hands"
    },
    {
      "word": "a firm hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "fold one's hands"
    },
    {
      "word": "force somebody's hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "von Hand zu Hand",
      "word": "from hand to hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "gain somebody's hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "win somebody's hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "gain the upper hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "get the upper hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "get a free hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "have a free hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "give somebody a big hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "give one's hand on something"
    },
    {
      "note": "eng mit jemandem zusammenarbeiten",
      "word": "hand in glove with someone"
    },
    {
      "note": "Hand in Hand",
      "word": "hand in hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand over hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "hands off something"
    },
    {
      "word": "somebody"
    },
    {
      "word": "hands up"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand to hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "have a hand in something"
    },
    {
      "word": "take a hand in something"
    },
    {
      "note": "aus erster Hand",
      "word": "at first hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "aus zweiter Hand",
      "word": "at second hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "per Hand, durch eine Person (im Gegensatz zu einer Maschine)",
      "word": "by hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "in der Nähe, nahe",
      "word": "close at hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "in der Nähe, nahe",
      "word": "near at hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand writing"
    },
    {
      "word": "on hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "out of hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "on the one hand"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "the hand",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "the hands",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1",
      "word": "anatomy"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1",
      "word": "arm"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "3",
      "word": "clock"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "3",
      "word": "watch"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": "hand",
  "lang": "Englisch",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Do it with both hands."
        },
        {
          "text": "Kim har stukat handen.",
          "translation": "Kim hat die Hand gestaucht."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unteres Ende des Arms; Hand"
      ],
      "id": "de-hand-en-noun-VVIs6uoA",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "topics": [
        "anatomy"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "På höger hand ser du ingången till rådhuset.",
          "translation": "Auf der rechten Seite sehen Sie den Eingang zum Rathaus."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Teilnehmer bei einer Kartenspielrunde; Kartenspieler"
      ],
      "id": "de-hand-en-noun-F3Iv4A1L",
      "sense_index": "2"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Hon hade två ess på handen.",
          "translation": "Sie hatte zwei Asse auf der Hand."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Teil des Zifferblatts einer Uhr, das die Zeit anzeigt; Zeiger"
      ],
      "id": "de-hand-en-noun-Uo1cKd20",
      "sense_index": "3"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "All hands on deck!",
          "translation": "Alle Mann (wörtlich: Hände) an Deck!"
        },
        {
          "text": "We need all hands on deck to fight Ebola.",
          "translation": "Wir brauchen jeden Mann, um Ebola zu bekämpfen."
        },
        {
          "text": "Jag köpte bilen i tredje hand.",
          "translation": "Ich habe das Auto aus dritter Hand gekauft."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Arbeitskraft, speziell auch bei der Marine"
      ],
      "id": "de-hand-en-noun-34~vmPBM",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Arbeit"
      ],
      "sense_index": "4"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "hænd"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "hændz",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plural:"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-hand.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-hand.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-hand.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-hand.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-hand.wav.ogg",
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-hand.wav"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-uk-hand.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/En-uk-hand.ogg/En-uk-hand.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-uk-hand.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-hand.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/En-us-hand.ogg/En-us-hand.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-hand.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-hands.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/En-us-hands.ogg/En-us-hands.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-hands.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plural:"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "4",
      "word": "man"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "Deutsch",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "unteres Ende des Arms",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Hand"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Koreanisch",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "sense": "unteres Ende des Arms",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "word": "손"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Isländisch",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense": "unteres Ende des Arms",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "word": "Hönd"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italienisch",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "unteres Ende des Arms",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "mano"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanisch",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "unteres Ende des Arms",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "mano"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Deutsch",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Teilnehmer bei einer Kartenspielrunde",
      "sense_index": "2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kartenspieler"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Deutsch",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Teilnehmer bei einer Kartenspielrunde",
      "sense_index": "2",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Kartenspielerin"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Deutsch",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Teil des Zifferblatts einer Uhr",
      "sense_index": "3",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Zeiger"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hand"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Anagramm sortiert (Englisch)",
    "Englisch",
    "Rückläufige Wörterliste (Englisch)",
    "Substantiv (Englisch)",
    "siehe auch"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "handful"
    },
    {
      "word": "handbag"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-baggage"
    },
    {
      "word": "handball"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-barrow"
    },
    {
      "word": "handbill"
    },
    {
      "word": "handbook"
    },
    {
      "word": "handbrake"
    },
    {
      "word": "handcart"
    },
    {
      "word": "handclap"
    },
    {
      "word": "handcuffs"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-grenade"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-gun"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-held"
    },
    {
      "word": "handhold"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand-luggage"
    },
    {
      "word": "handmade"
    },
    {
      "word": "handmaid"
    },
    {
      "word": "handpicked"
    },
    {
      "word": "handrail"
    },
    {
      "word": "handsaw"
    },
    {
      "word": "handshake"
    },
    {
      "word": "hands-on"
    },
    {
      "word": "handspring"
    },
    {
      "word": "handstand"
    },
    {
      "word": "handwritting"
    },
    {
      "word": "handwritten"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "altenglisch hand von germanisch *khanduz (deutsch Hand, niederländisch hand)",
  "expressions": [
    {
      "note": "(umgangssprachlich) jemandem helfen",
      "word": "a hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "jeder muss mit anfassen",
      "word": "all hands to the pump"
    },
    {
      "note": "von jemandem",
      "word": "at somebody’s hands"
    },
    {
      "note": "sehr erfahren in etwas sein",
      "word": "be an old hand at something"
    },
    {
      "note": "etwas nicht gut können, ungeschickt sein",
      "word": "be a poor hand at something"
    },
    {
      "note": "jemandem die Hände und Füße (zusammen)binden",
      "word": "bind somebodys hand and foot"
    },
    {
      "note": "zufrieden sein mit dem, was man hat; lieber den Spatz in der Hand als die Taube auf dem Dach",
      "word": "a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush"
    },
    {
      "note": "jemanden unfreundlich behandeln, der einem freundlich gesinnt ist",
      "word": "bite the hand that feeds one"
    },
    {
      "note": "Blut an den Händen haben, für etwas (Blutiges) verantwortlich sein",
      "word": "blood on one's hands"
    },
    {
      "note": "jemanden mit der Hand aufziehen",
      "word": "bring somebody up by hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "etwas (ein Tier) mit der Hand aufziehen",
      "word": "bring something up by hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "mit den eigenen Händen",
      "word": "by one's own fair hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "cap in hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "change hands"
    },
    {
      "word": "the dead hand of something"
    },
    {
      "word": "the devil makes works for idle hands"
    },
    {
      "word": "eat out of somebodys hands"
    },
    {
      "note": "jemandem in die Hände fallen",
      "word": "fall into somebody's hands"
    },
    {
      "word": "a firm hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "fold one's hands"
    },
    {
      "word": "force somebody's hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "von Hand zu Hand",
      "word": "from hand to hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "gain somebody's hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "win somebody's hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "gain the upper hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "get the upper hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "get a free hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "have a free hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "give somebody a big hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "give one's hand on something"
    },
    {
      "note": "eng mit jemandem zusammenarbeiten",
      "word": "hand in glove with someone"
    },
    {
      "note": "Hand in Hand",
      "word": "hand in hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand over hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "hands off something"
    },
    {
      "word": "somebody"
    },
    {
      "word": "hands up"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand to hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "have a hand in something"
    },
    {
      "word": "take a hand in something"
    },
    {
      "note": "aus erster Hand",
      "word": "at first hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "aus zweiter Hand",
      "word": "at second hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "per Hand, durch eine Person (im Gegensatz zu einer Maschine)",
      "word": "by hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "in der Nähe, nahe",
      "word": "close at hand"
    },
    {
      "note": "in der Nähe, nahe",
      "word": "near at hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "hand writing"
    },
    {
      "word": "on hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "out of hand"
    },
    {
      "word": "on the one hand"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "the hand",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "the hands",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "1",
      "word": "anatomy"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "1",
      "word": "arm"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "3",
      "word": "clock"
    },
    {
      "sense_index": "3",
      "word": "watch"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": "hand",
  "lang": "Englisch",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Do it with both hands."
        },
        {
          "text": "Kim har stukat handen.",
          "translation": "Kim hat die Hand gestaucht."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unteres Ende des Arms; Hand"
      ],
      "sense_index": "1",
      "topics": [
        "anatomy"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "På höger hand ser du ingången till rådhuset.",
          "translation": "Auf der rechten Seite sehen Sie den Eingang zum Rathaus."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Teilnehmer bei einer Kartenspielrunde; Kartenspieler"
      ],
      "sense_index": "2"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Hon hade två ess på handen.",
          "translation": "Sie hatte zwei Asse auf der Hand."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Teil des Zifferblatts einer Uhr, das die Zeit anzeigt; Zeiger"
      ],
      "sense_index": "3"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "All hands on deck!",
          "translation": "Alle Mann (wörtlich: Hände) an Deck!"
        },
        {
          "text": "We need all hands on deck to fight Ebola.",
          "translation": "Wir brauchen jeden Mann, um Ebola zu bekämpfen."
        },
        {
          "text": "Jag köpte bilen i tredje hand.",
          "translation": "Ich habe das Auto aus dritter Hand gekauft."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Arbeitskraft, speziell auch bei der Marine"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Arbeit"
      ],
      "sense_index": "4"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "hænd"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "hændz",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plural:"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-hand.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-hand.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-hand.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-hand.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Back_ache-hand.wav.ogg",
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-hand.wav"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-uk-hand.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/En-uk-hand.ogg/En-uk-hand.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-uk-hand.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-hand.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/En-us-hand.ogg/En-us-hand.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-hand.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-hands.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/En-us-hands.ogg/En-us-hands.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-hands.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Plural:"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense_index": "4",
      "word": "man"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "Deutsch",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "unteres Ende des Arms",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Hand"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Koreanisch",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "sense": "unteres Ende des Arms",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "word": "손"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Isländisch",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense": "unteres Ende des Arms",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "word": "Hönd"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Italienisch",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "unteres Ende des Arms",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "mano"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanisch",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "unteres Ende des Arms",
      "sense_index": "1",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "mano"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Deutsch",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Teilnehmer bei einer Kartenspielrunde",
      "sense_index": "2",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kartenspieler"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Deutsch",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Teilnehmer bei einer Kartenspielrunde",
      "sense_index": "2",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Kartenspielerin"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Deutsch",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Teil des Zifferblatts einer Uhr",
      "sense_index": "3",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Zeiger"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hand"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hand meaning in Englisch (7.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Englisch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-05 from the dewiktionary dump dated 2024-10-20 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.