See 杜撰 on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「撰」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「杜」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有引文的文言文詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
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[
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"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
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],
"ref": "王楙，《野客叢書·卷二○·杜撰》",
"roman": "Dùmò wèi shī, duō bù hélǜ, gù yán shì bù hé gé zhě wèi “dùzhuàn”. Shì yán dùzhuàn, bāodàn běn cǐ. Rán pú yòu guān sú yǒu dùtián, dùyuán zhī shuō. Dù zhī yún zhě, yóuyán jiǎ ěr.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "杜默為詩，多不合律，故言事不合格者為「杜撰」。世言杜撰、包彈本此。然仆又觀俗有杜田、杜園之說。杜之云者，猶言假耳。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
56,
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],
[
74,
81
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],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
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],
[
25,
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],
"ref": "王楙，《野客叢書·卷二○·杜撰》",
"roman": "Dùmò wèi shī, duō bù hélǜ, gù yán shì bù hé gé zhě wèi “dùzhuàn”. Shì yán dùzhuàn, bāodàn běn cǐ. Rán pú yòu guān sú yǒu dùtián, dùyuán zhī shuō. Dù zhī yún zhě, yóuyán jiǎ ěr.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "杜默为诗，多不合律，故言事不合格者为「杜撰」。世言杜撰、包弹本此。然仆又观俗有杜田、杜园之说。杜之云者，犹言假耳。"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自宋代詩人杜默之名。其人為詩多不合律，故稱事不合格者為「杜撰」。見於宋·王楙《野客叢書》：",
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"literal_meaning": "由杜默所撰",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"無事實根據而憑空捏造、虛構"
],
"id": "zh-杜撰-zh-verb-LLfwwdAn"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dùzhuàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄓㄨㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dou⁶ zaan⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"白話字"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "tō͘-choān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dùzhuàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄓㄨㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dùjhuàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Wade–Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tu⁴-chuan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "dù-jwàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "duhjuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "дучжуань (dučžuanʹ)"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dou⁶ zaan⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "douh jaahn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dou⁶ dzaan⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "dou⁶ zan⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² t͡saːn²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"白話字"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "tō͘-choān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"臺羅"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "tōo-tsuān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"普實台文"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "doxzoan"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡su̯an²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"國際音標 (廈門)"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁴¹⁻²² t͡su̯an⁴¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"國際音標 (泉州)"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡su̯an²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"國際音標 (漳州)"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³⁻¹¹ t͡su̯an³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"國際音標 (臺北)"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³⁻²¹ t͡su̯an³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"國際音標 (高雄)"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
}
],
"word": "杜撰"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語ナ形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有人名用漢字的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有兩個漢字的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "歷史假名遣包含「づ」的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自官話的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自官話的日語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/dusan/ → /d͡zusaɴ/ → /zusaɴ/。\n借自官話 杜撰 (dùzhuàn)。\n另一種發音為 zuzan（帶連濁），見於較舊的文獻中。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜撰",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "zusan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "づさん",
"roman": "dusan"
},
{
"form": "杜撰な",
"raw_tags": [
"ナ形 (連體形"
],
"roman": "zusan na",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰に",
"roman": "zusan ni",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
],
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なら",
"hiragana": "ずさんなら",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusannara",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰に^([1])",
"hiragana": "ずさんに",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusanni",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なり^([2])",
"hiragana": "ずさんなり",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusannari",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なり",
"hiragana": "ずさんなり",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusannari",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"terminal"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なる",
"hiragana": "ずさんなる",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusannaru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なれ",
"hiragana": "ずさんなれ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"已然形"
],
"roman": "zusannare",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰なれ",
"hiragana": "ずさんなれ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusannare",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰ならず",
"hiragana": "ずさんならず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusannarazu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なれど",
"hiragana": "ずさんなれど",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"對比連接詞"
],
"roman": "zusannaredo",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰なれば",
"hiragana": "ずさんなれば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"因果連接詞"
],
"roman": "zusannareba",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰ならば",
"hiragana": "ずさんならば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"條件連接詞"
],
"roman": "zusannaraba",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰なりき",
"hiragana": "ずさんなりき",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第一手消息)"
],
"roman": "zusannariki",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰なりけり",
"hiragana": "ずさんなりけり",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第二手消息)"
],
"roman": "zusannarikeri",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰に",
"hiragana": "ずさんに",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"副詞"
],
"roman": "zusanni",
"source": "inflection table"
}
],
"lang": "日語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj_noun",
"pos_title": "形容動詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有使用例的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"roman": "zusanna kanri",
"ruby": [
[
"杜撰",
"ずさん"
],
[
"管理",
"かんり"
]
],
"text": "杜撰な管理",
"translation": "管理不善"
}
],
"glosses": [
"馬虎、粗心、粗糙、不細緻"
],
"id": "zh-杜撰-ja-adj_noun-pc59VFm6"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ずさん",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[zùsáń]"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡zɨᵝsã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "detarame",
"sense": "馬虎、粗心、粗糙、不細緻",
"word": "粗漏"
},
{
"roman": "detarame",
"sense": "馬虎、粗心、粗糙、不細緻",
"word": "でたらめ"
}
],
"word": "杜撰"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有人名用漢字的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有兩個漢字的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "歷史假名遣包含「づ」的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自官話的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自官話的日語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "zurō",
"ruby": [
[
"杜漏",
"ずろう"
]
],
"word": "杜漏"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/dusan/ → /d͡zusaɴ/ → /zusaɴ/。\n借自官話 杜撰 (dùzhuàn)。\n另一種發音為 zuzan（帶連濁），見於較舊的文獻中。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜撰",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "zusan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "づさん",
"roman": "dusan"
}
],
"lang": "日語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"馬虎、粗心"
],
"id": "zh-杜撰-ja-noun-0Pzi34nc"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語紅鏈/l",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"杜撰 (dùzhuàn)的作品"
],
"id": "zh-杜撰-ja-noun-lKS1KpKl"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ずさん",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[zùsáń]"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡zɨᵝsã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "杜撰"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語サ行活用動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有人名用漢字的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有兩個漢字的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "未指定是否及物的日語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "歷史假名遣包含「づ」的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自官話的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自官話的日語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/dusan/ → /d͡zusaɴ/ → /zusaɴ/。\n借自官話 杜撰 (dùzhuàn)。\n另一種發音為 zuzan（帶連濁），見於較舊的文獻中。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜撰する",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "zusan suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "づさん",
"roman": "dusan"
},
{
"form": "杜撰し",
"raw_tags": [
"サ行 (連用形"
],
"roman": "zusan shi",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰した",
"roman": "zusan shita",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰し",
"hiragana": "ずさんし",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan shi",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰し",
"hiragana": "ずさんし",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan shi",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰する",
"hiragana": "ずさんする",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan suru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"terminal"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰する",
"hiragana": "ずさんする",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan suru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰すれ",
"hiragana": "ずさんすれ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan sure",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰せよ",
"hiragana": "ずさんせよ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan seyo",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰しろ",
"hiragana": "ずさんしろ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan shiro",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰される",
"hiragana": "ずさんされる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan sareru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰させる",
"hiragana": "ずさんさせる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan saseru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰さす",
"hiragana": "ずさんさす",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan sasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰できる",
"hiragana": "ずさんできる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan dekiru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰しよう",
"hiragana": "ずさんしよう",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan shiyō",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰しない",
"hiragana": "ずさんしない",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan shinai",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰せず",
"hiragana": "ずさんせず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan sezu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative",
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰します",
"hiragana": "ずさんします",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan shimasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰した",
"hiragana": "ずさんした",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan shita",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰して",
"hiragana": "ずさんして",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan shite",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰すれば",
"hiragana": "ずさんすれば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan sureba",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"conditional"
]
}
],
"lang": "日語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語紅鏈",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語紅鏈/l",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"杜撰 (dùzhuàn)；犯下草率的錯誤"
],
"id": "zh-杜撰-ja-verb-Rg6RRVdW"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ずさん",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[zùsáń]"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡zɨᵝsã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "杜撰"
}
{
"categories": [
"日語ナ形容詞",
"日語形容詞",
"日語詞元",
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有人名用漢字的日語詞",
"有兩個漢字的日語詞",
"有國際音標的日語詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"歷史假名遣包含「づ」的日語詞",
"派生自官話的日語詞",
"源自官話的日語借詞"
],
"etymology_text": "/dusan/ → /d͡zusaɴ/ → /zusaɴ/。\n借自官話 杜撰 (dùzhuàn)。\n另一種發音為 zuzan（帶連濁），見於較舊的文獻中。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜撰",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "zusan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "づさん",
"roman": "dusan"
},
{
"form": "杜撰な",
"raw_tags": [
"ナ形 (連體形"
],
"roman": "zusan na",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰に",
"roman": "zusan ni",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
],
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なら",
"hiragana": "ずさんなら",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusannara",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰に^([1])",
"hiragana": "ずさんに",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusanni",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なり^([2])",
"hiragana": "ずさんなり",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusannari",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なり",
"hiragana": "ずさんなり",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusannari",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"terminal"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なる",
"hiragana": "ずさんなる",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusannaru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なれ",
"hiragana": "ずさんなれ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"已然形"
],
"roman": "zusannare",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰なれ",
"hiragana": "ずさんなれ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "zusannare",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰ならず",
"hiragana": "ずさんならず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusannarazu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰なれど",
"hiragana": "ずさんなれど",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"對比連接詞"
],
"roman": "zusannaredo",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰なれば",
"hiragana": "ずさんなれば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"因果連接詞"
],
"roman": "zusannareba",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰ならば",
"hiragana": "ずさんならば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"條件連接詞"
],
"roman": "zusannaraba",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰なりき",
"hiragana": "ずさんなりき",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第一手消息)"
],
"roman": "zusannariki",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰なりけり",
"hiragana": "ずさんなりけり",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第二手消息)"
],
"roman": "zusannarikeri",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "杜撰に",
"hiragana": "ずさんに",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"副詞"
],
"roman": "zusanni",
"source": "inflection table"
}
],
"lang": "日語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj_noun",
"pos_title": "形容動詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"有使用例的日語詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
2,
4
]
],
"roman": "zusanna kanri",
"ruby": [
[
"杜撰",
"ずさん"
],
[
"管理",
"かんり"
]
],
"text": "杜撰な管理",
"translation": "管理不善"
}
],
"glosses": [
"馬虎、粗心、粗糙、不細緻"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ずさん",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[zùsáń]"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡zɨᵝsã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "detarame",
"sense": "馬虎、粗心、粗糙、不細緻",
"word": "粗漏"
},
{
"roman": "detarame",
"sense": "馬虎、粗心、粗糙、不細緻",
"word": "でたらめ"
}
],
"word": "杜撰"
}
{
"categories": [
"日語名詞",
"日語詞元",
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有人名用漢字的日語詞",
"有兩個漢字的日語詞",
"有國際音標的日語詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"歷史假名遣包含「づ」的日語詞",
"派生自官話的日語詞",
"源自官話的日語借詞"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "zurō",
"ruby": [
[
"杜漏",
"ずろう"
]
],
"word": "杜漏"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/dusan/ → /d͡zusaɴ/ → /zusaɴ/。\n借自官話 杜撰 (dùzhuàn)。\n另一種發音為 zuzan（帶連濁），見於較舊的文獻中。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜撰",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "zusan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "づさん",
"roman": "dusan"
}
],
"lang": "日語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"馬虎、粗心"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"漢語紅鏈",
"漢語紅鏈/l"
],
"glosses": [
"杜撰 (dùzhuàn)的作品"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ずさん",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[zùsáń]"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡zɨᵝsã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "杜撰"
}
{
"categories": [
"日語サ行活用動詞",
"日語動詞",
"日語詞元",
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有人名用漢字的日語詞",
"有兩個漢字的日語詞",
"有國際音標的日語詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"未指定是否及物的日語動詞",
"歷史假名遣包含「づ」的日語詞",
"派生自官話的日語詞",
"源自官話的日語借詞"
],
"etymology_text": "/dusan/ → /d͡zusaɴ/ → /zusaɴ/。\n借自官話 杜撰 (dùzhuàn)。\n另一種發音為 zuzan（帶連濁），見於較舊的文獻中。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "杜撰する",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "zusan suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "づさん",
"roman": "dusan"
},
{
"form": "杜撰し",
"raw_tags": [
"サ行 (連用形"
],
"roman": "zusan shi",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰した",
"roman": "zusan shita",
"ruby": [
[
"杜",
"ず"
],
[
"撰",
"さん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰し",
"hiragana": "ずさんし",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan shi",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰し",
"hiragana": "ずさんし",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan shi",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰する",
"hiragana": "ずさんする",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan suru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"terminal"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰する",
"hiragana": "ずさんする",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan suru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰すれ",
"hiragana": "ずさんすれ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan sure",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰せよ",
"hiragana": "ずさんせよ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan seyo",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰しろ",
"hiragana": "ずさんしろ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "zusan shiro",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰される",
"hiragana": "ずさんされる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan sareru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰させる",
"hiragana": "ずさんさせる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan saseru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰さす",
"hiragana": "ずさんさす",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan sasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰できる",
"hiragana": "ずさんできる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan dekiru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰しよう",
"hiragana": "ずさんしよう",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan shiyō",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰しない",
"hiragana": "ずさんしない",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan shinai",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰せず",
"hiragana": "ずさんせず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan sezu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative",
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰します",
"hiragana": "ずさんします",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan shimasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰した",
"hiragana": "ずさんした",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan shita",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰して",
"hiragana": "ずさんして",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan shite",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "杜撰すれば",
"hiragana": "ずさんすれば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "zusan sureba",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"conditional"
]
}
],
"lang": "日語",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"漢語紅鏈",
"漢語紅鏈/l"
],
"glosses": [
"杜撰 (dùzhuàn)；犯下草率的錯誤"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ずさん",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[zùsáń]"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡zɨᵝsã̠ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "杜撰"
}
{
"categories": [
"官話動詞",
"官話詞元",
"帶「撰」的漢語詞",
"帶「杜」的漢語詞",
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"有國際音標的漢語詞",
"有引文的文言文詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"泉漳話動詞",
"泉漳話詞元",
"漢語動詞",
"漢語詞元",
"粵語動詞",
"粵語詞元"
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
56,
63
],
[
74,
81
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
21
],
[
25,
27
]
],
"ref": "王楙，《野客叢書·卷二○·杜撰》",
"roman": "Dùmò wèi shī, duō bù hélǜ, gù yán shì bù hé gé zhě wèi “dùzhuàn”. Shì yán dùzhuàn, bāodàn běn cǐ. Rán pú yòu guān sú yǒu dùtián, dùyuán zhī shuō. Dù zhī yún zhě, yóuyán jiǎ ěr.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "杜默為詩，多不合律，故言事不合格者為「杜撰」。世言杜撰、包彈本此。然仆又觀俗有杜田、杜園之說。杜之云者，猶言假耳。"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
56,
63
],
[
74,
81
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
21
],
[
25,
27
]
],
"ref": "王楙，《野客叢書·卷二○·杜撰》",
"roman": "Dùmò wèi shī, duō bù hélǜ, gù yán shì bù hé gé zhě wèi “dùzhuàn”. Shì yán dùzhuàn, bāodàn běn cǐ. Rán pú yòu guān sú yǒu dùtián, dùyuán zhī shuō. Dù zhī yún zhě, yóuyán jiǎ ěr.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "杜默为诗，多不合律，故言事不合格者为「杜撰」。世言杜撰、包弹本此。然仆又观俗有杜田、杜园之说。杜之云者，犹言假耳。"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自宋代詩人杜默之名。其人為詩多不合律，故稱事不合格者為「杜撰」。見於宋·王楙《野客叢書》：",
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"literal_meaning": "由杜默所撰",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"無事實根據而憑空捏造、虛構"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dùzhuàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄓㄨㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dou⁶ zaan⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"白話字"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "tō͘-choān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dùzhuàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄉㄨˋ ㄓㄨㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dùjhuàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Wade–Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "tu⁴-chuan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "dù-jwàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "duhjuann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "дучжуань (dučžuanʹ)"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "dou⁶ zaan⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "douh jaahn"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "dou⁶ dzaan⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "dou⁶ zan⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/tou̯²² t͡saːn²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"白話字"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "tō͘-choān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"臺羅"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "tōo-tsuān"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"普實台文"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "doxzoan"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡su̯an²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"國際音標 (廈門)"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ⁴¹⁻²² t͡su̯an⁴¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"國際音標 (泉州)"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡su̯an²²/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"國際音標 (漳州)"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³⁻¹¹ t͡su̯an³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"國際音標 (臺北)"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɔ³³⁻²¹ t͡su̯an³³/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"國際音標 (高雄)"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
}
],
"word": "杜撰"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 杜撰 meaning in All languages combined (13.6kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"杜撰"
],
"section": "漢語",
"subsection": "近義詞",
"title": "杜撰",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-03 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-01 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.