See ない on Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for ない meaning in All languages combined (14.7kB)
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語平假名",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語後綴",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自古典日語的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "abunai",
"ruby": [
[
"危",
"あぶ"
]
],
"word": "危ない"
},
{
"word": "：危险"
},
{
"roman": "itokenai",
"ruby": [
[
"幼",
"いと"
]
],
"word": "幼けない"
},
{
"roman": "itokenai",
"ruby": [
[
"稚",
"いとけな"
]
],
"word": "稚い"
},
{
"word": "：幼稚，不成熟"
},
{
"roman": "gikochinai",
"word": "ぎこちない"
},
{
"word": "：笨拙，笨手笨脚"
},
{
"roman": "setsunai",
"ruby": [
[
"切",
"せつ"
]
],
"word": "切ない"
},
{
"word": "：感伤，感人"
},
{
"roman": "hashitanai",
"word": "はしたない"
},
{
"word": "：粗俗"
},
{
"roman": "sewashinai",
"ruby": [
[
"忙",
"せわ"
]
],
"word": "忙しない"
},
{
"word": "：慌忙，慌张，坐立不安"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自古典日語。形容词化后缀可能最终源自古旧系动词和状态动词ぬ (nu)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"roman": "setsunai, itokenai, gikochinai",
"ruby": [
[
"切",
"せつ"
],
[
"幼",
"いと"
]
],
"text": "切ない、幼けない、ぎこちない",
"translation": "悲伤，天真幼稚，笨手笨脚"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（后接于部分词构成イ形容詞，表示拥有某种特质）"
],
"id": "zh-ない-ja-suffix-n53QfUwY",
"raw_tags": [
"不再自由造词"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "nē",
"word": "ねえ"
},
{
"roman": "nē",
"word": "ねー"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "ない"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語イ形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語平假名",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古日語形容詞無し (nashi)的連体形 (rentaikei)，其中的/-k-/音脫落。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "なく",
"raw_tags": [
"-i (連用形"
],
"roman": "naku"
},
{
"form": "なかろ",
"hiragana": "nakaro",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"未然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"終止形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連体形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれ",
"hiragana": "nakere",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"仮定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかれ",
"hiragana": "nakare",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"命令形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくない",
"hiragana": "naku nai",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかった",
"hiragana": "nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかった",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ないです",
"hiragana": "nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくないです",
"hiragana": "naku nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったです",
"hiragana": "nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかったです",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくて",
"hiragana": "nakute",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連接形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なければ",
"hiragana": "nakereba",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"假定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったら",
"hiragana": "nakattara",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"暫定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかろう",
"hiragana": "nakarō",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"推量形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なさ",
"hiragana": "nasa",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"程度形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく^([1])\nなから^([2])",
"hiragana": "naku\nnakara",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"未然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく^([1])\nなかり^([2])",
"hiragana": "naku\nnakari",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なし",
"hiragana": "nasi",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"終止形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なき\nなかる",
"hiragana": "naki\nnakaru",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"連体形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれ",
"hiragana": "nakere",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"已然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかれ",
"hiragana": "nakare",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"命令形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なからず",
"hiragana": "nakarazu",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"否定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれど",
"hiragana": "nakeredo",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"對比連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なければ",
"hiragana": "nakereba",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"因果連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくば",
"hiragana": "nakuba",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"條件連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかりき",
"hiragana": "nakariki",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第一手消息)"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかりけり",
"hiragana": "nakarikeri",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第二手消息)"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"副詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかろ",
"hiragana": "nakaro",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"未然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"終止形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連体形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれ",
"hiragana": "nakere",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"仮定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかれ",
"hiragana": "nakare",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"命令形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくない",
"hiragana": "naku nai",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかった",
"hiragana": "nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかった",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ないです",
"hiragana": "nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくないです",
"hiragana": "naku nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったです",
"hiragana": "nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかったです",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくて",
"hiragana": "nakute",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連接形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なければ",
"hiragana": "nakereba",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"假定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったら",
"hiragana": "nakattara",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"暫定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかろう",
"hiragana": "nakarō",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"推量形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なさ",
"hiragana": "nasa",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"程度形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく^([1])\nなから^([2])",
"hiragana": "naku\nnakara",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"未然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく^([1])\nなかり^([2])",
"hiragana": "naku\nnakari",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なし",
"hiragana": "nasi",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"終止形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なき\nなかる",
"hiragana": "naki\nnakaru",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"連体形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれ",
"hiragana": "nakere",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"已然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかれ",
"hiragana": "nakare",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"命令形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なからず",
"hiragana": "nakarazu",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"否定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれど",
"hiragana": "nakeredo",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"對比連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なければ",
"hiragana": "nakereba",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"因果連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくば",
"hiragana": "nakuba",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"條件連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかりき",
"hiragana": "nakariki",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第一手消息)"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかりけり",
"hiragana": "nakarikeri",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第二手消息)"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"副詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"roman": "Supūn ga nai.",
"ruby": [
[
"無",
"な"
]
],
"text": "スプーンが無い。",
"translation": "没有勺子。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"無い：没有，无"
],
"id": "zh-ない-ja-adj-KiSYTHQE"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"roman": "Kaigan made hyaku mētoru to nai",
"ruby": [
[
"海",
"かい"
],
[
"岸",
"がん"
],
[
"100",
"ひゃく"
]
],
"text": "海岸まで100メートルとない",
"translation": "离海岸不到100米"
}
],
"glosses": [
"不到，没有"
],
"id": "zh-ない-ja-adj-sM2Xwgqq"
},
{
"examples": [
{
"roman": "Watashi wa nai mono to kangaete kudasai",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
],
[
"亡",
"な"
],
[
"者",
"もの"
],
[
"考",
"かんが"
]
],
"text": "私は亡い者と考えてください",
"translation": "就当我死了吧"
}
],
"glosses": [
"亡い： 死亡，去世"
],
"id": "zh-ない-ja-adj-5PkTi0dC",
"raw_tags": [
"引申义"
]
}
],
"word": "ない"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語平假名",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語後綴",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "首个引文见于室町时代晚期，为一个东部方言用词。\n有几个理论：\n* 源自古东部方言否定词尾なふ (nafu)，但nafu的消失到nai的出现之间的时间断层很大。而且，nafu作动词活用，但nai却作形容词活用。\n:但是，两者可能最终都源自古典系动词或状态动词ぬ (nu)，否定词义可能是源自该词尾所后接的动词词干的未然形 (mizenkei)。\n* 源自形容词ない（词源 2）。助词nai的活用在现代日语中同其他规则イ形容詞。但是以前，该助词和形容词的活用形并不相同。在江户时代，该助词的活用不规则，比如现代的过去时なかった (nakatta)曾为なんだ (nanda)，条件式なければ (nakereba)曾为ないければ (naikereba)。\n* 派生自否定后缀ぬ (nu)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "なく",
"raw_tags": [
"-i (連用形"
],
"roman": "naku"
},
{
"form": "なかろ",
"hiragana": "nakaro",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"未然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"終止形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連体形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれ",
"hiragana": "nakere",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"仮定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかれ",
"hiragana": "nakare",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"命令形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくない",
"hiragana": "naku nai",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかった",
"hiragana": "nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかった",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ないです",
"hiragana": "nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくないです",
"hiragana": "naku nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったです",
"hiragana": "nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかったです",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくて",
"hiragana": "nakute",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連接形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なければ",
"hiragana": "nakereba",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"假定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったら",
"hiragana": "nakattara",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"暫定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかろう",
"hiragana": "nakarō",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"推量形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なさ",
"hiragana": "nasa",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"程度形"
],
"source": "inflection"
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"roman": "Gakkō ni ikanai.",
"ruby": [
[
"学",
"がっ"
],
[
"校",
"こう"
],
[
"行",
"い"
]
],
"text": "学校に行かない。",
"translation": "不去学校"
},
{
"roman": "Kashite kurenai ka.",
"ruby": [
[
"貸",
"か"
]
],
"text": "貸してくれないか。",
"translation": "能不能借一下？"
}
],
"glosses": [
"不 （构成动词的否定形式）"
],
"id": "zh-ない-ja-suffix-Jr1UzNYv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "nu",
"word": "ぬ"
},
{
"roman": "n",
"word": "ん"
},
{
"roman": "hen",
"word": "へん"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "ない"
}
{
"categories": [
"日語平假名",
"日語後綴",
"日語詞元",
"派生自古典日語的日語詞"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "abunai",
"ruby": [
[
"危",
"あぶ"
]
],
"word": "危ない"
},
{
"word": "：危险"
},
{
"roman": "itokenai",
"ruby": [
[
"幼",
"いと"
]
],
"word": "幼けない"
},
{
"roman": "itokenai",
"ruby": [
[
"稚",
"いとけな"
]
],
"word": "稚い"
},
{
"word": "：幼稚，不成熟"
},
{
"roman": "gikochinai",
"word": "ぎこちない"
},
{
"word": "：笨拙，笨手笨脚"
},
{
"roman": "setsunai",
"ruby": [
[
"切",
"せつ"
]
],
"word": "切ない"
},
{
"word": "：感伤，感人"
},
{
"roman": "hashitanai",
"word": "はしたない"
},
{
"word": "：粗俗"
},
{
"roman": "sewashinai",
"ruby": [
[
"忙",
"せわ"
]
],
"word": "忙しない"
},
{
"word": "：慌忙，慌张，坐立不安"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自古典日語。形容词化后缀可能最终源自古旧系动词和状态动词ぬ (nu)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"roman": "setsunai, itokenai, gikochinai",
"ruby": [
[
"切",
"せつ"
],
[
"幼",
"いと"
]
],
"text": "切ない、幼けない、ぎこちない",
"translation": "悲伤，天真幼稚，笨手笨脚"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（后接于部分词构成イ形容詞，表示拥有某种特质）"
],
"raw_tags": [
"不再自由造词"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "nē",
"word": "ねえ"
},
{
"roman": "nē",
"word": "ねー"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "ない"
}
{
"categories": [
"日語イ形容詞",
"日語平假名",
"日語形容詞",
"日語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "源自中古日語形容詞無し (nashi)的連体形 (rentaikei)，其中的/-k-/音脫落。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "なく",
"raw_tags": [
"-i (連用形"
],
"roman": "naku"
},
{
"form": "なかろ",
"hiragana": "nakaro",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"未然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"終止形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連体形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれ",
"hiragana": "nakere",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"仮定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかれ",
"hiragana": "nakare",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"命令形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくない",
"hiragana": "naku nai",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかった",
"hiragana": "nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかった",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ないです",
"hiragana": "nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくないです",
"hiragana": "naku nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったです",
"hiragana": "nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかったです",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくて",
"hiragana": "nakute",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連接形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なければ",
"hiragana": "nakereba",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"假定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったら",
"hiragana": "nakattara",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"暫定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかろう",
"hiragana": "nakarō",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"推量形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なさ",
"hiragana": "nasa",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"程度形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく^([1])\nなから^([2])",
"hiragana": "naku\nnakara",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"未然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく^([1])\nなかり^([2])",
"hiragana": "naku\nnakari",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なし",
"hiragana": "nasi",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"終止形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なき\nなかる",
"hiragana": "naki\nnakaru",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"連体形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれ",
"hiragana": "nakere",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"已然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかれ",
"hiragana": "nakare",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"命令形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なからず",
"hiragana": "nakarazu",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"否定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれど",
"hiragana": "nakeredo",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"對比連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なければ",
"hiragana": "nakereba",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"因果連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくば",
"hiragana": "nakuba",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"條件連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかりき",
"hiragana": "nakariki",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第一手消息)"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかりけり",
"hiragana": "nakarikeri",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第二手消息)"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"副詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかろ",
"hiragana": "nakaro",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"未然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"終止形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連体形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれ",
"hiragana": "nakere",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"仮定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかれ",
"hiragana": "nakare",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"命令形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくない",
"hiragana": "naku nai",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかった",
"hiragana": "nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかった",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ないです",
"hiragana": "nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくないです",
"hiragana": "naku nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったです",
"hiragana": "nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかったです",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくて",
"hiragana": "nakute",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連接形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なければ",
"hiragana": "nakereba",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"假定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったら",
"hiragana": "nakattara",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"暫定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかろう",
"hiragana": "nakarō",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"推量形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なさ",
"hiragana": "nasa",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"程度形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく^([1])\nなから^([2])",
"hiragana": "naku\nnakara",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"未然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく^([1])\nなかり^([2])",
"hiragana": "naku\nnakari",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なし",
"hiragana": "nasi",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"終止形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なき\nなかる",
"hiragana": "naki\nnakaru",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"連体形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれ",
"hiragana": "nakere",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"已然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかれ",
"hiragana": "nakare",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"命令形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なからず",
"hiragana": "nakarazu",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"否定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれど",
"hiragana": "nakeredo",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"對比連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なければ",
"hiragana": "nakereba",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"因果連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくば",
"hiragana": "nakuba",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"條件連接詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかりき",
"hiragana": "nakariki",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第一手消息)"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかりけり",
"hiragana": "nakarikeri",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第二手消息)"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"副詞"
],
"source": "inflection"
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"roman": "Supūn ga nai.",
"ruby": [
[
"無",
"な"
]
],
"text": "スプーンが無い。",
"translation": "没有勺子。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"無い：没有，无"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"roman": "Kaigan made hyaku mētoru to nai",
"ruby": [
[
"海",
"かい"
],
[
"岸",
"がん"
],
[
"100",
"ひゃく"
]
],
"text": "海岸まで100メートルとない",
"translation": "离海岸不到100米"
}
],
"glosses": [
"不到，没有"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"roman": "Watashi wa nai mono to kangaete kudasai",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
],
[
"亡",
"な"
],
[
"者",
"もの"
],
[
"考",
"かんが"
]
],
"text": "私は亡い者と考えてください",
"translation": "就当我死了吧"
}
],
"glosses": [
"亡い： 死亡，去世"
],
"raw_tags": [
"引申义"
]
}
],
"word": "ない"
}
{
"categories": [
"日語平假名",
"日語後綴",
"日語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "首个引文见于室町时代晚期，为一个东部方言用词。\n有几个理论：\n* 源自古东部方言否定词尾なふ (nafu)，但nafu的消失到nai的出现之间的时间断层很大。而且，nafu作动词活用，但nai却作形容词活用。\n:但是，两者可能最终都源自古典系动词或状态动词ぬ (nu)，否定词义可能是源自该词尾所后接的动词词干的未然形 (mizenkei)。\n* 源自形容词ない（词源 2）。助词nai的活用在现代日语中同其他规则イ形容詞。但是以前，该助词和形容词的活用形并不相同。在江户时代，该助词的活用不规则，比如现代的过去时なかった (nakatta)曾为なんだ (nanda)，条件式なければ (nakereba)曾为ないければ (naikereba)。\n* 派生自否定后缀ぬ (nu)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "なく",
"raw_tags": [
"-i (連用形"
],
"roman": "naku"
},
{
"form": "なかろ",
"hiragana": "nakaro",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"未然形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"終止形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ない",
"hiragana": "nai",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"連体形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なけれ",
"hiragana": "nakere",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"仮定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかれ",
"hiragana": "nakare",
"raw_tags": [
"基本形",
"命令形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくない",
"hiragana": "naku nai",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかった",
"hiragana": "nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかった",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"簡體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "ないです",
"hiragana": "nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくないです",
"hiragana": "naku nai desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったです",
"hiragana": "nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくなかったです",
"hiragana": "naku nakatta desu",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"敬體過去否定"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なくて",
"hiragana": "nakute",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連接形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なければ",
"hiragana": "nakereba",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"假定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかったら",
"hiragana": "nakattara",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"暫定形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なかろう",
"hiragana": "nakarō",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"推量形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なく",
"hiragana": "naku",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"連用形"
],
"source": "inflection"
},
{
"form": "なさ",
"hiragana": "nasa",
"raw_tags": [
"主要活用形",
"程度形"
],
"source": "inflection"
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"roman": "Gakkō ni ikanai.",
"ruby": [
[
"学",
"がっ"
],
[
"校",
"こう"
],
[
"行",
"い"
]
],
"text": "学校に行かない。",
"translation": "不去学校"
},
{
"roman": "Kashite kurenai ka.",
"ruby": [
[
"貸",
"か"
]
],
"text": "貸してくれないか。",
"translation": "能不能借一下？"
}
],
"glosses": [
"不 （构成动词的否定形式）"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "nu",
"word": "ぬ"
},
{
"roman": "n",
"word": "ん"
},
{
"roman": "hen",
"word": "へん"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"word": "ない"
}
{
"called_from": "extractor/zh/page/parse_section/192",
"msg": "Unhandled subtitle: 用法说明",
"path": [
"ない"
],
"section": "日语",
"subsection": "用法说明",
"title": "ない",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "extractor/zh/page/parse_section/192",
"msg": "Unhandled subtitle: 用法说明",
"path": [
"ない"
],
"section": "日语",
"subsection": "用法说明",
"title": "ない",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-29 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (d4b8e84 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.