See 無為 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "yǒuwéi",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "有為"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǒuwéi",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "有为"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "吳語動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "吳語專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "吳語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「為」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「無」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "需要注意發音的泉漳話詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "恬淡無為"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "恬淡无为"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "清淨無為"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "清净无为"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "清靜無為"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "清静无为"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúwéi'érzhì",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "無為而治"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúwéi'érzhì",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "无为而治"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "無為自化"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "无为自化"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lùlùwúwéi",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "碌碌無為"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lùlùwúwéi",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "碌碌无为"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "無爲",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "无为",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "動詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "有引文的文言文詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "漢語 道教",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "《道德經》,公元前4世紀",
          "roman": "Dào cháng wúwéi ér wúbùwéi.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Classical-Chinese",
            "Traditional-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "道常無為而無不為。",
          "translation": "“道”是順應自然而無所作為的,卻又沒有事物不是由它所作為的。"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "《道德經》,公元前4世紀",
          "roman": "Dào cháng wúwéi ér wúbùwéi.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Classical-Chinese",
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "道常无为而无不为。",
          "translation": "“道”是順應自然而無所作為的,卻又沒有事物不是由它所作為的。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "順勢而為,順應自然"
      ],
      "id": "zh-無為-zh-verb-aoI07UZp",
      "raw_tags": [
        "道教"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "有引文的文言文詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              5
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "《莊子》,約公元前3 – 前2世紀",
          "roman": "Pánghuáng hū wúwéi qí cè, xiāoyáo hū qǐnwò qí xià.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Classical-Chinese",
            "Traditional-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "彷徨乎無為其側,逍遙乎寢臥其下。",
          "translation": "在它旁邊徘徊什麼也不做,自由自在地躺在它下面。"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              5
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "《莊子》,約公元前3 – 前2世紀",
          "roman": "Pánghuáng hū wúwéi qí cè, xiāoyáo hū qǐnwò qí xià.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Classical-Chinese",
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "彷徨乎无为其侧,逍遥乎寝卧其下。",
          "translation": "在它旁邊徘徊什麼也不做,自由自在地躺在它下面。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "無所作為"
      ],
      "id": "zh-無為-zh-verb-0hdavhSj"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨˊ ㄨㄟˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶vu-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶m-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨˊ ㄨㄟˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wu²-wei²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wú-wéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wuwei"
    },
    {
      "roman": "uvɛj",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "увэй"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mòuh wàih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wei⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mou̯²¹ wɐi̯²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-uî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-uî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bu'uii"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "boi'uii"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu¹³⁻²² u̯i¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo¹³⁻²² u̯i¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻¹¹ u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²³⁻³³ u̯i²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɤ²³⁻³³ u̯i²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶vu-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶m-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vu^去 we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "m^去 we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "³vu-hhue"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "³hhmm-hhue"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/vu²² ɦue⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/m̩²² ɦue⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "無為"
}
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "吳語動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "吳語專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "吳語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「為」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「無」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語動詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語專有名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "需要注意發音的泉漳話詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "無爲",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "无为",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "pos_title": "專有名詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "漢語 安徽城市",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(~市) 縣級市名,位於中國安徽蕪湖"
      ],
      "id": "zh-無為-zh-name-tMp~2M3l"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨˊ ㄨㄟˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶vu-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶m-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨˊ ㄨㄟˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wu²-wei²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wú-wéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wuwei"
    },
    {
      "roman": "uvɛj",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "увэй"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mòuh wàih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wei⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mou̯²¹ wɐi̯²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-uî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-uî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bu'uii"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "boi'uii"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu¹³⁻²² u̯i¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo¹³⁻²² u̯i¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻¹¹ u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²³⁻³³ u̯i²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɤ²³⁻³³ u̯i²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶vu-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶m-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vu^去 we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "m^去 we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "³vu-hhue"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "³hhmm-hhue"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/vu²² ɦue⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/m̩²² ɦue⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "無為"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "yǒuwéi",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "有為"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yǒuwéi",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "有为"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "吳語動詞",
    "吳語專有名詞",
    "吳語詞元",
    "官話動詞",
    "官話專有名詞",
    "官話詞元",
    "帶「為」的漢語詞",
    "帶「無」的漢語詞",
    "有2個詞條的頁面",
    "有國際音標的漢語詞",
    "有詞條的頁面",
    "泉漳話動詞",
    "泉漳話專有名詞",
    "泉漳話詞元",
    "漢語動詞",
    "漢語專有名詞",
    "漢語詞元",
    "粵語動詞",
    "粵語專有名詞",
    "粵語詞元",
    "需要注意發音的泉漳話詞"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "恬淡無為"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "恬淡无为"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "清淨無為"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "清净无为"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "清靜無為"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "清静无为"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúwéi'érzhì",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "無為而治"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wúwéi'érzhì",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "无为而治"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "無為自化"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "无为自化"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lùlùwúwéi",
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "碌碌無為"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lùlùwúwéi",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "碌碌无为"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "無爲",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "无为",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "pos_title": "動詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "有引文的文言文詞",
        "漢語 道教"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "《道德經》,公元前4世紀",
          "roman": "Dào cháng wúwéi ér wúbùwéi.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Classical-Chinese",
            "Traditional-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "道常無為而無不為。",
          "translation": "“道”是順應自然而無所作為的,卻又沒有事物不是由它所作為的。"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              4
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "《道德經》,公元前4世紀",
          "roman": "Dào cháng wúwéi ér wúbùwéi.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Classical-Chinese",
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "道常无为而无不为。",
          "translation": "“道”是順應自然而無所作為的,卻又沒有事物不是由它所作為的。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "順勢而為,順應自然"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "道教"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "有引文的文言文詞"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              5
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "《莊子》,約公元前3 – 前2世紀",
          "roman": "Pánghuáng hū wúwéi qí cè, xiāoyáo hū qǐnwò qí xià.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Classical-Chinese",
            "Traditional-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "彷徨乎無為其側,逍遙乎寢臥其下。",
          "translation": "在它旁邊徘徊什麼也不做,自由自在地躺在它下面。"
        },
        {
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              5
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "《莊子》,約公元前3 – 前2世紀",
          "roman": "Pánghuáng hū wúwéi qí cè, xiāoyáo hū qǐnwò qí xià.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Classical-Chinese",
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "彷徨乎无为其侧,逍遥乎寝卧其下。",
          "translation": "在它旁邊徘徊什麼也不做,自由自在地躺在它下面。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "無所作為"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨˊ ㄨㄟˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶vu-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶m-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨˊ ㄨㄟˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wu²-wei²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wú-wéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wuwei"
    },
    {
      "roman": "uvɛj",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "увэй"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mòuh wàih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wei⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mou̯²¹ wɐi̯²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-uî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-uî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bu'uii"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "boi'uii"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu¹³⁻²² u̯i¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo¹³⁻²² u̯i¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻¹¹ u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²³⁻³³ u̯i²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɤ²³⁻³³ u̯i²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶vu-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶m-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vu^去 we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "m^去 we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "³vu-hhue"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "³hhmm-hhue"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/vu²² ɦue⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/m̩²² ɦue⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "無為"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "吳語動詞",
    "吳語專有名詞",
    "吳語詞元",
    "官話動詞",
    "官話專有名詞",
    "官話詞元",
    "帶「為」的漢語詞",
    "帶「無」的漢語詞",
    "有2個詞條的頁面",
    "有國際音標的漢語詞",
    "有詞條的頁面",
    "泉漳話動詞",
    "泉漳話專有名詞",
    "泉漳話詞元",
    "漢語動詞",
    "漢語專有名詞",
    "漢語詞元",
    "粵語動詞",
    "粵語專有名詞",
    "粵語詞元",
    "需要注意發音的泉漳話詞"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "無爲",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "无为",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "pos_title": "專有名詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "漢語 安徽城市"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(~市) 縣級市名,位於中國安徽蕪湖"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨˊ ㄨㄟˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶vu-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶m-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨˊ ㄨㄟˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wúwéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wu²-wei²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wú-wéi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wuwei"
    },
    {
      "roman": "uvɛj",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "увэй"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mòuh wàih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wai⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁴ wei⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mou̯²¹ wɐi̯²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-ûi"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bû-uî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bô-uî"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bu'uii"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "boi'uii"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻²² u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu¹³⁻²² u̯i¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo¹³⁻²² u̯i¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²⁴⁻¹¹ u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ u̯i²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bu²³⁻³³ u̯i²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɤ²³⁻³³ u̯i²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶vu-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wugniu"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "⁶m-we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vu^去 we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "MiniDict"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "m^去 we"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "³vu-hhue"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "³hhmm-hhue"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/vu²² ɦue⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/m̩²² ɦue⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Wu",
        "Northern",
        "Shanghai",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "無為"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 無為 meaning in 漢語 (11.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-10-28 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-10-21 using wiktextract (b9d36ff and 0a198a9). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.