"剛強" meaning in 漢語

See 剛強 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

unknown

IPA: /kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/ [Mandarin, Standard Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʰœːŋ²¹/ [Cantonese, Standard-Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, IPA], /koŋ²⁴ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/ [Hakka, IPA], /kɔŋ³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, IPA], /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ki̯ɔŋ²³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, IPA], /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, IPA], /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, IPA], /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯aŋ¹³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, IPA], /kaŋ³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, IPA], /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, IPA] Forms: 刚强 [Simplified-Chinese]
  1. Tags: no-gloss
    Sense id: zh-剛強-zh-unknown-47DEQpj8
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Translations: твёрдый (俄语), жестокий (俄语), непреклонный (俄语), железный (俄语), характер (俄语)
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "客家語形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "客家語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「剛」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「強」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語形容詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "刚强",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "unknown",
  "pos_title": "釋義",
  "senses": [
    {
      "id": "zh-剛強-zh-unknown-47DEQpj8",
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gāngqiáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄍㄤ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "四縣"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kông-khiòng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gāngqiáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄍㄤ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gangciáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kang¹-chʻiang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gāng-chyáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gangchyang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gancjan",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ганцян"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gōng kèuhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong¹ kêng⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʰœːŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kông-khiòng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃",
        "客家語拼音"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong^ˊ kiong^ˇ"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃",
        "客家話拼音方案"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong¹ kiong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/koŋ²⁴ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kongkioong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔŋ³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ki̯ɔŋ²³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用",
        "高雄"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用",
        "臺北"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "漳州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "漳州",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "漳州",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kongkiaang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯aŋ¹³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "漳州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kangkioong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaŋ³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "твёрдый"
    },
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "жестокий"
    },
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "непреклонный"
    },
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "железный"
    },
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "характер"
    }
  ],
  "word": "剛強"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "官話形容詞",
    "官話詞元",
    "客家語形容詞",
    "客家語詞元",
    "帶「剛」的漢語詞",
    "帶「強」的漢語詞",
    "有國際音標的漢語詞",
    "泉漳話形容詞",
    "泉漳話詞元",
    "漢語形容詞",
    "漢語詞元",
    "粵語形容詞",
    "粵語詞元"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "刚强",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "unknown",
  "pos_title": "釋義",
  "senses": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gāngqiáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄍㄤ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "四縣"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kông-khiòng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gāngqiáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄍㄤ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gangciáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kang¹-chʻiang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gāng-chyáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gangchyang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gancjan",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ганцян"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gōng kèuhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong¹ koeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong¹ kêng⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʰœːŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kông-khiòng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃",
        "客家語拼音"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong^ˊ kiong^ˇ"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃",
        "客家話拼音方案"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gong¹ kiong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/koŋ²⁴ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "四縣話",
        "包括苗栗和美濃"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiông"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kongkioong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔŋ³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ki̯ɔŋ²³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用",
        "高雄"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用",
        "臺北"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺灣話",
        "常用"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "漳州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "漳州",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kong-kiâng"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "漳州",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kongkiaang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯aŋ¹³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "漳州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kang-kiông"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "kangkioong"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaŋ³³ ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ki̯ɔŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "твёрдый"
    },
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "жестокий"
    },
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "непреклонный"
    },
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "железный"
    },
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "характер"
    }
  ],
  "word": "剛強"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 剛強 meaning in 漢語 (5.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-06 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-01 using wiktextract (8b3c49c and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.